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Biomedical subjects

D N Menitskiĭ

Publications and source records attributed to D N Menitskiĭ.

15 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

[Perceptual-motor activity in children with focal lesions of the brain].

The pathology of the motor analyser, originating in connection with local lesions of the brain may be studied by means of sensorimotor tracing method. By this parameter, localizations of the lesion produce dissimilar disturbances of the percentive-motor activity. Disorders in movement control were revealed in the case of disturbance of interhemispheric relations resulting from a lesion of the dominant hemisphere; as a result of disfunction of the frontal lobes, which led to disturbance of prognostication; due to disturbance of the "body scheme" and proprioreception disturbances.

Brain Mapping↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Current problems in the reinforcement and regulation of goal-directed behavior].

Contemporary problems and arguable questions of reinforcement and self-regulation of animals behaviour and human activity are considered conformably to organization and analysis of results of conditioned experiments with probable reinforcement on the basis of semantic and pragmatic diagrams of conceptual space of decisions making. Situations are analyzed when the subject not simply "receives" the reinforcement but must actively "procure" (earn) the useful result. Scientific substantiation of conceptions of reinforcement and activity self-regulation is of considerable importance not only in the higher nervous activity physiology but also in psychology, economics and sociology for the decision of actual problems of organization of the processes of control in contemporary society of all mankind values and norms of behaviour.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Analysis of the informational and activating components of reinforcement in a conditioned reflex experiment].

The reinforcement in adaptive behaviour performs at least two functions: satisfaction of specific need (activational component) and estimation of signal significance of the conditioned stimulus while comparing the nervous model of the stimulus with current afferentation (informational component). In usual conditioning experiments with permanent reinforcement these components concide and therefore do not differ. However, they may be separated in the case of probabilistic reinforcement by changing stimuli contingency and shifting motivational level. With this aim the diagrams of probabilistic stimuli and reactions space, semantic and pragmatic matrices are worked out, allowing to estimate correlations of these parameters of conditioning experiments. Comparative psychophysiological investigations showed the possibility of determination of species peculiarities in behavioural choice strategies among various animals under above mentioned conditions.

Adaptation, Physiological↗