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Biomedical subjects

D Nkoghe

Publications and source records attributed to D Nkoghe.

29 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed2000

[Fever after return from the tropics. Diagnostic orientation].

Fever is the main symptom of many tropical diseases (parasitic, bacterial and viral). After traveller's diarrhoea, it constitutes the principal reason of consultation of travellers from tropical area. The diagnosis requires a rigorous approach through a meticulous and an attentive clinical examination. Knowledge of the tropical disease epidemiology facilitates the diagnostic orientation. Complementary exams generally permit confirmation of the diagnosis. Malaria must be evoked at first for the traveller coming from an endemic area and deserves a precocious presumptive treatment. Nevertheless, investigations for other infectious and non infectious diseases must not be disregarded.

Diagnosis, Differential↗
PubMed2000

[Prevention strategies against malaria].

In the absence of an efficacious vaccine, malaria prophylaxis remains important for the traveller in endemic areas. In addition to classical measures to protect against malaria vectors, chemoprophylaxis should be selected according to the geographic area. Besides a chemoprophylaxis scheme for the traveller, prevention modalities in pregnant women and in the general population living in an endemic area will also be briefly described.

Adult↗
PubMed2000

[Malaria: from diagnosis to curative treatment].

Malaria is a parasitic disease, with variable severity, provoked by the Plasmodium. It is present in tropical zones. The diagnosis is evoked by a fever occurring in a subject coming from a zone at risk, and is confirmed by microbiology. Considering the high prevalence of resistance to chloroquine, the treatment rests on quinine (or its derivatives) associated (or not) with an antibiotic. The severe forms of malaria, due to Plasmodium falciparum, are responsible for a high mortality rate. It requires urgent hospital management is required. Criteria defining this form deserve to be perfectly known.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗
PubMed2000

[Hydroxyurea and HIV infection].

Hydroxyurea is an anticancerous product, used recently in the treatment of HIV-1 infection thanks to its inhibitory action in viral replication, potentialization of the nucleosides activity (particularly ddI or didanosine) and its cytostatic properties on CD4 and CD8 lymphocytes. Many studies showed its efficiency, as further drug, in initial regimen of a tritherapy (containing ddI) and salvage therapy. The dosage of 500 mg bid seems tolerated well by adults, and 20 mg/kg by children. Long-term tolerance remains unknown. With ddI, it could be proposed in developing countries.

Adult↗
PubMed1999

[Pharma-clinics. How I treat ... HIV infection. III. Non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors].

Non nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NNRTI) are a new arm in the treatment of the HIV infection. They inhibit the replication by direct non competitive binding to the enzyme, and do not require phosphorylation. The fast emergence of resistance in monotherapy obliges to use them in a triple association. The 103 mutation confers a cross-resistance. The most common adverse event is rash. Association with nucleoside analogues is additive or even synergistic. They are metabolized by the cytochrome P450. Within a combined therapy, their efficiency is comparable to protease inhibitors, notably in patients with low viral load.

Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System↗
PubMed1999

[Pharma-clinics. The drug of the month. Nevirapine. Viramune].

Nevirapine is the first non nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor registered in Belgium and indicated in the treatment of HIV-1 infection. In association with 2 nucleoside analogues, its efficiency is similar to a tritherapy with protease inhibitor, particularly in naive patients with low viral load. It has a good tolerance profile and is easy to take. Studies in progress should permit to widen its indications.

Anti-HIV Agents↗