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D O ANDERSON

Publications and source records attributed to D O ANDERSON.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1965

THE CHILLIWACK RESPIRATORY SURVEY, 1963. IV. THE EFFECT OF TOBACCO SMOKING ON THE PREVALENCE OF RESPIRATORY DISEASE.

Chronic non-specific respiratory disease was found by a survey at Chilliwack, B.C., to affect 29.3% of men and 18.0% of women between the ages of 25 and 74. The habit of current cigarette smoking was found to be the most important single factor associated with respiratory disease, and was found to be related to changes in simple measures of lung function. The authors were unable to confirm the existence of a threshold in lifetime cigarette smoking before respiratory disease occurred.Comparisons were made with a population previously studied at Berlin, New Hampshire, U.S.A., in 1961. At Berlin, where pollution by SO(2) and dust-fall had been thoroughly documented, the comparable prevalence rates for respiratory disease were 40.0% for men and 21.6% for women. When differences between the two populations as to age and number of cigarettes smoked daily were taken into account, the disease rates in these two communities were found to be quite similar. The Chilliwack sample did, however, have significantly higher values for the lung function tests.

Berlin↗
PubMed1965

THE CHILLIWACK RESPIRATORY SURVEY, 1963: 3. THE PREVALENCE OF RESPIRATORY DISEASE IN A RURAL CANADIAN TOWN.

The prevalence of chronic respiratory symptoms and of abnormalities in pulmonary function was determined by a survey of persons, aged 25 to 74, residing during May and June 1963 in a rural town, Chilliwack, B.C. Morning phlegm was reported by 26% of men and 13% of women. Chronic bronchitis was considered present in 21.5% of men and 11.3% of women. More serious obstructive lung disease, not related to heart disease, was found in 12.6% of men and 8.7% of women. These prevalences were higher than those found by the authors at Berlin, New Hampshire, U.S.A., in 1961. Demographic factors, such as birthplace, occupational class and measures of social stability, were not related to the prevalence of respiratory disease at Chilliwack. Some observer variation was found after analysis to be the result of non-randomization of respondents among the observers. An incidental observation was a high prevalence at Chilliwack of heart disease and hypertension under treatment.

Asthma↗
PubMed1965

THE CHILLIWACK RESPIRATORY SURVEY, 1963. II. AEROMETRIC STUDY.

A study of the quality of the ambient air at Chilliwack, British Columbia, was conducted from May 1963 to April 1964. Measurements of dustfall, soiling, sulfation, hydrogen sulfide, oxidants and total hydrocarbons were made by a network of five sampling stations. The results of this survey indicated that Chilliwack was relatively free from any air pollution and would therefore be a suitable control for a study of the relationship between community air pollution and respiratory disease.

Air Pollution↗
PubMed1965

THE CHILLIWACK RESPIRATORY SURVEY, 1963. I. METHODOLOGY.

In order to ascertain the prevalence of chronic respiratory disease in residents of a rural town and to determine the relative importance of tobacco smoking and air pollution, a survey was conducted of 726 persons living at Chilliwack, British Columbia, in May and June, 1963. Over 95% of a random sample of adults was interviewed and performed simple tests of respiratory function. The sample was selected from a commercial census. An analysis of the demographic characteristics of the sample indicated that the group, aged 25 to 74 years, was reasonably representative for detailed study of chronic respiratory disease.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1965

THE PREMEDICAL STUDENT: HIS PROGRESS. A STUDY OF A COHORT OF PREMEDICAL STUDENTS AT THE UNIVERSITY OF BRITISH COLUMBIA.

Since September 1961, a prospective study of premedical and science students has been conducted at the University of British Columbia. On completion of their sophomore year, after a year of changes from one group to another or withdrawal from either group, only 82 students existed in the diminished Premedical cohort while 137 students existed in the augmented Science cohort. These two groups have now become similar demographically, and their academic potential, as indicated by achievement and ability tests, has also become similar in terms of their mean test scores. In academic performance the present Premedical cohort has displayed some superiority over the Science cohort in high school, freshman and sophomore years. The sophomore premedical mean grade was 66.0% compared with 63.7% for the Science cohort. The hypothesis is developed that these findings reflect a difference in motivation, and therefore that perception of ultimate career goals will motivate and affect academic performance of students in their undergraduate years.

Achievement↗
PubMed1965

"MARKINGS" OF A CLASS: THE STATISTICAL TRAIL LEFT BY THE FIRST GRADUATING CLASS IN MEDICINE, UNIVERSITY OF BRITISH COLUMBIA.

In 1954 the first class in medicine graduated from the University of British Columbia. This class of 57 men and three women left a statistical trail behind them which began before they entered medical school, and which now has extended 10 years into their professional postgraduate careers. This first class was made up largely of British Columbians of older age than subsequent classes. The overall achievement and aptitude of the class was high, as measured by premedical grades, intelligence tests and Medical College Admission Test scores. Interest tests at the time of admission indicated that the members of the class had major interest levels in the fields of science and social service or humanitarianism. The subsequent medical school performance of the class was exceptional. Of the class, 63.4% interned in teaching hospitals. By 1964 only 53.4% of the graduates were engaged in general practice. Most of the graduates are now practising in British Columbia.

Achievement↗
PubMed1964

THE PREMEDICAL STUDENT: HIS IDENTITY. CHARACTERISTICS OF A COHORT OF PREMEDICAL STUDENTS AT THE UNIVERSITY OF BRITISH COLUMBIA.

A prospective study is currently being conducted of students who were freshmen at the University of British Columbia in 1961-1962. Three cohorts are being followed: 136 premedical students, 107 science students, and 136 persons comprising a sample of general arts students. At registration in 1961, the only demographic difference was that the Premedical cohort had a greater proportion of catholics and persons from upper occupational classes. Premedical students generally performed as well in high school as science students and better than general arts students, though the academic potential of science students as measured by achievement and aptitude tests was superior. Premedical students performed better on freshman examinations than the other cohorts, though a significantly larger proportion of science students (84.4%) actually passed into second year than of premedical students (75.0%). A disturbing observation was that by second year the Science cohort had recruited more than enough students to balance its losses, while the Premedical cohort had lost three times as many students as it recruited. The net effect was not much reduced by students who entered directly from senior matriculation or other universities, since these students were about twice as likely to enter the Science cohort as they were to enter the Premedical cohort.

Achievement↗
PubMed1963

FACTORS RELATING TO ACADEMIC PERFORMANCE OF MEDICAL STUDENTS AT THE UNIVERSITY OF BRITISH COLUMBIA.

The performance of medical students enrolled at the University of British Columbia from 1952 to 1961 is reviewed and related to certain descriptive factors available to the screening committee at the time of application. Almost 40% of enrolled students had academic difficulty in medical school; 16.4% failed a complete year. Since 91% of students who failed out, did so after freshman medicine examinations, these grades were examined for significant association with certain intellectual and non-intellectural factors. Sex and year of registration were not significantly associated with freshman performance, but permanent home address was: students from other Commonwealth countries did not perform as well as Canadians. Significant correlations were observed between both pre-medical grades and Medical College Admission Test scores and first-year medicine marks. By multiple regression analysis four factors were found to be predictive: age, number of pre-medical years completed at the time of application, overall pre-medical grade average and "Science" M.C.A.T. score. From the resulting equation, 77.4% of the grades of medical students who completed their freshman year in 1962 were predicted within one standard error. Students on the whole were noted to perform consistently in pre-medicine and medicine.

Canada↗
PubMed1963

OBSERVATIONS ON THE CLASSIFICATION AND DISTRIBUTION OF PULMONARY EMPHYSEMA IN CANADA.

General principles of epidemiology are reviewed, using as an example the chronic non-specific respiratory diseases in Canada. Lack of agreement in definition and classification seriously hampers the use of governmental statistics to study the epidemiology of these diseases. Though Canada is experiencing a mid-century epidemic of deaths from emphysema, evidence is presented which suggests that provincial variation in this death rate is artificial and is likely apparent because physicians do not categorize deaths from this and related diseases in any similar fashion. Three-year-average age-standardized death rates by provincial areas for emphysema with or without bronchitis, asthma, chronic bronchitis and bronchiectasis are presented in evidence that provincial variation is largely obliterated when all chronic non-specific respiratory diseases are considered as a single nosological unit. Advantages and disadvantages of a recent clinical classification of these diseases are reviewed, and it is concluded that such a classification has a great deal to offer epidemiologists or clinicians studying the cause and natural history of these diseases.

Asthma↗
PubMed1963

CLINICAL STUDIES OF TOLAZAMIDE AND TOLBUTAMIDE: COMPARATIVE EFFECTIVENESS OF CONTROL OF DIABETES MELLITUS.

Tolazamide, a new oral hypoglycemic agent, was compared with tolbutamide, a related chemical compound, for stability of control of 12 patients suffering from maturity-onset diabetes mellitus. A short 12-week study was conducted which incorporated a cross-over design and the results were examined by variance analysis after dosage was individualized to the patient's requirements. Greater stability of fasting blood sugar was found on tolazamide; patients also had less glycosuria and lower fasting blood sugar on tolazamide. Tolazamide appeared to be between five and six times as potent as tolbutamide, mg. for mg.No hepatic, renal, hematologic or symptomatic toxic reactions were observed during the total of 72 person-weeks of tolazamide therapy.

Biomedical Research↗