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Biomedical subjects

D P Herman

Publications and source records attributed to D P Herman.

8 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2001

An efficient clean-up method for the GC-MS determination of methylsulfonyl-PCBs/DDEs extracted from various marine mammal tissues.

Existing methods for analyzing methylsulfonyl-PCBs in animal tissues require multiple laborious clean-up steps prior to quantitation. In this paper, we report a new, efficient method for the isolation and determination of methylsulfonyl-PCB metabolites in the blubber, liver, kidney, lung, and milk from mammals of marine origin using: solvent extraction, GPC fractionation, and clean-up on an adsorption chromatography column prior to analysis by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. The method is rapid and can be completed in about half the analysis time required by most other reported methods. The method exhibits excellent analyte recoveries (89-95%), and good reproducibilities with CV's ranging from 3-12% depending on analyte concentration. Detection limits are approximately 1 ng/g lipid. The method is further validated by comparing its quantitative results to that of an independent reference analytical method for several different marine mammal blubber samples. Finally, the method is applied to profile the distribution of methylsulfones among the various tissue types studied for a single bottle-nose dolphin (Tursiops truncatus) sample. In addition, the extent of their transplacental transfer from mother to unborn fetus for several pilot whale (Globicephala melaena) mother-fetus pairs is examined.

Adipose Tissue↗
PubMed1985

Serum neuron-specific enolase. A marker for disease extent and response to therapy for small-cell lung cancer.

Serum neuron-specific enolase (S-NSE) levels in 43 newly diagnosed untreated patients with small-cell lung cancer (SCLC) were compared with levels in 35 adult controls, 14 patients with non-small cell lung cancer (N-SCLC), and nine patients with noncancerous lung disease (N-CLD). The S-NSE level was raised (greater than or equal to 16 ng/ml) in 28 of 43 patients with SCLC, six of 16 patients with limited stage SCLC, and 22 of 27 of those with extensive stage SCLC. Extensive stage patients with SCLC had a significantly higher mean S-NSE level (50 ng/ml) than did limited stage patients with SCLC (16 ng/ml). Mean S-NSE levels in patients with N-SCLC and in patients with N-CLD were respectively 11 and 7 ng/ml. Serial measurements performed on 19 patients between the three-day-courses of chemotherapy showed an excellent correlation between S-NSE and clinical evolution. In addition, S-NSE was measured during the first three-day course of chemotherapy in 13 other patients; among them, seven had S-NSE levels greater than or equal to 100 ng/ml (mean: 490 ng/ml); these seven patients were responders; the remaining six had S-NSE levels less than 100 ng/ml (mean 28 ng/ml): among them, only two were responders. Such S-NSE measurements during the first cytostatic course seem to reflect the importance of tumor burden and may be valuable as early indicators of the response rate to chemotherapy.

Antineoplastic Agents↗
PubMed1985

[The treatment of tracheobronchial amyloidosis using a bronchial laser. Apropos of a series of 13 cases].

We have encountered and successfully treated thirteen cases of tracheobronchial amyloidosis using a laser. The clinical data, radiology, endoscopic and histological appearance of these patients were similar to that described in the literature (48 published cases). A YAG laser was used, introduced through a rigid bronchoscope. The principal difficulties of this type of resection were related to the oozing of blood which they caused. Only lesions in the trachea, main and lobar bronchi could be destroyed. 8 of the 9 patients followed for sufficiently long were clearly improved but a patient whose lesions were very diffuse did not experience any benefit. The laser seems to us above all to be indicated when there is considerable obstruction by amyloid, limited to the trachea and/or several of the major bronchi.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

[Endobronchial non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. Apropos of a case].

The authors report a case of splenic non-hodgkin's lymphoma which revealed by an endobronchial localisation, causing a respiratory disorder. The biopsy of this lesion led to the diagnosis. They recall the rarity of such cases and stress the fact that this bronchial lesion is always observed in cases of disseminated lymphomas with a poor prognosis.

Aged↗
PubMed1983

[Aneurysm of the subclavian artery: an unusual cause of mediastinal pseudotumor].

A 62 year old woman presenting with dyspnoea was found to have a large right superior mediastinal opacity compressing neighbouring anatomical structures: trachea, esophagus and superior vena cava. Thoracic ultrasonography suggested a liquid mass which was non-pulsatile. At surgery, however, this was found to be a subclavian artery aneurysm, a diagnosis confirmed by arteriography. The lesion was opened and vascular continuity reestablished by prosthetic grafting. Only five other cases appear to have been reported. The clinical, radiological and etiological aspects are discussed.

Aneurysm↗