Biomedical subjects

D P Kilgore

Publications and source records attributed to D P Kilgore.

8 recordsLinked to original sources

PubMed1987

MR detection of tumor in the internal auditory canal.

The MR appearance of 15 tumors within or near the internal auditory canal was analyzed in detail and compared with the subsequent surgical observations. In most cases, nonenhanced MR showed the precise extent of the intracanalicular and extracanalicular tumor despite minor variations in appearance. In a case of facial nerve neurinoma, the extent to which the tumor invaded the canal was underestimated by MR. Gadolinium-DTPA enhancement is expected to eliminate uncertainties in MR imaging of the internal auditory canal.

Cerebellar Neoplasms↗

PubMed1987

Differentiation of intramedullary neoplasms and cysts by MR.

To determine the MR criteria that are effective for differentiating intramedullary neoplasms from syringo- or hydromyelia, we reviewed MR scans made on prototype and commercial imagers of 33 patients with surgically confirmed cord abnormalities, including nine intramedullary neoplasms and 20 cysts (syringo- or hydromyelia). Two radiologists who did not know the clinical and radiologic diagnoses were asked to evaluate the scans with respect to cord expansion, distinctness of the disease margin, homogeneity, and signal intensity. These observations were correlated with the proved diagnoses. The combination of distinct margins and uniform signal intensity equal to that of CSF correlated consistently (88%) with spinal cord cysts. Other combinations were less reliable for diagnosing a cyst or tumor.

Diagnosis, Differential↗

PubMed1986

Comparison of single-photon emission computed tomography with [123I]iodoamphetamine and xenon-enhanced computed tomography for assessing regional cerebral blood flow.

Regional CBF (rCBF) images obtained from xenon-enhanced computed tomography (XeCT) and single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) with N-isopropyl-p-[123I]iodoamphetamine (IMP) done with a rotating gamma-camera were compared in nine patients. Both XeCT and SPECT/IMP demonstrated flow abnormalities at all sites of infarction identified by CT, while detecting reduced rCBF in areas normal by CT in eight of the nine patients. All areas that were abnormal on XeCT were abnormal on the comparable SPECT/IMP images. The major advantages of XeCT are its greater resolution and potential for noninvasive quantitation of rCBF, while the major advantage of SPECT/IMP is its visualization of the entire brain on transverse, coronal, and sagittal sections.

Amphetamines↗

PubMed1986

Pineal germinoma: MR imaging.

Magnetic resonance (MR) imaging characteristics of pineal germinomas are described in seven patients imaged with MR and computed tomography (CT). In patients with symptoms of an enlarging process in the quadrigeminal plate cistern, MR imaging was as sensitive as CT scanning in detecting the mass. MR imaging did not detect a normal-sized, calcified neoplastic gland. Germinoma, germinoma with embryonal cell carcinoma elements, and pineoblastoma demonstrated different MR signal characteristics. Although direct coronal and sagittal MR images were useful in defining the relationship of the tumor to the posterior third ventricle, Sylvian aqueduct, and vein of Galen, the ease, rapidity, and sensitivity of CT scanning suggest that CT should remain the modality of choice for initial evaluation and screening of the pineal region, especially in the younger pediatric population, in whom detection of calcification may provide the only clue of an abnormality.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1986

Trigeminal nerve: anatomic correlation with MR imaging.

Through correlation with cryomicrotic sections, the appearance of the trigeminal nerve and its branches on magnetic resonance images is described in healthy individuals and in patients with tumors involving this nerve. Coronal images are best for defining the different parts of the nerve and for making a side-to-side comparison. Sagittal images are useful to demonstrate tumors involving the gasserian ganglion.

Cavernous Sinus↗

PubMed1986

Cranial tissues: normal MR appearance after intravenous injection of Gd-DTPA.

The effect of intravenously administered gadolinium DTPA on signal intensity of normal intracranial structures was analyzed in 25 patients. Magnetic resonance (MR) image enhancement with Gd-DTPA differs from image enhancement on computed tomography with aqueous iodinated contrast media. Marked contrast enhancement owing to Gd-DTPA was observed in the pituitary gland, infundibulum, cavernous sinus, cranial nerves, choroid plexus, and nasal mucosa. Enhancement was not visible routinely in the falx cerebri, tentorium cerebelli, dura, or rapidly flowing blood. The efficacy of Gd-DTPA in any individual MR study may be assessed by observing the signal intensity of the pituitary gland, pituitary stalk, or nasal mucosa.

Arcuate Nucleus of Hypothalamus↗

PubMed1985

Cervical spinal fractures: CT detection.

Although computed tomography (CT) is commonly used in addition to plain radiographs to evaluate cervical spinal fractures, it may fail to detect some clinically significant fractures. Cervical spinal fractures were produced in cadavers, studied with CT, and documented by cryomicrotomy. The CT scans were interpreted independent of the anatomic sections. Pedicle and lateral mass fractures were regularly unrecognized on CT scans. In these cases, widening and hemarthrosis of the adjacent facet joints were evident. A widened facet joint is an indirect sign of an occult cervical spinal fracture.

Cadaver↗

PubMedDate not supplied

MR of the diaphragma sellae.

The appearance of the diaphragma sellae is described in cryomicrotomic sections and on MR in patients with and without intra- and suprasellar masses. On MR, it appears as a thin band of negligible signal that is best shown when adjacent CSF or a mass has greater signal intensity. Its position or absence can be used to differentiate intrasellar masses with suprasellar components from suprasellar masses.

Adenoma↗