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Biomedical subjects

D P Moxley

Publications and source records attributed to D P Moxley.

12 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2001

A model of group treatment to facilitate recovery from chemical dependence.

In this article, a model of group treatment is proposed that incorporates four different group approaches (i.e., experiential, physiological-cognitive-behavioral, mutual support, advocacy) sequentially to achieve recovery outcomes among people coping with chemical dependence. The model identifies two strategies (i.e., reflection and restoration, action and support) as overarching frameworks guiding the use of these four treatment approaches. The first strategy of reflection and restoration incorporates experiential and physiological-cognitive-behavioral group approaches to promote precontemplation, contemplation, preparation, and tentative action among group members. The second strategy of action and support uses mutual support and advocacy approaches to help group members achieve and maintain treatment gains, learn from setbacks, and adopt new personal and social roles.

Adaptation, Psychological↗
PubMed1998

Consumers as mental health providers: first-person accounts of benefits and limitations.

Community support programs are increasingly establishing paid service positions designated exclusively for consumers. Project WINS (Work Incentives and Needs Study), a hybrid case management-vocational program for individuals with severe mental illness, used consumers as peer support specialists (PSSs) to supplement professional roles. Semistructured interviews were conducted with PSSs about 12 months after their employment ended. They identified substantial personal benefits specific to consumer-designated roles (e.g., a "safe" employment setting with accommodations) and general benefits from employment. Problems described were just as numerous, encompassing attitudes toward assigned peers and costs to their own well-being. Critical commentary addressed program operations (structure, supervision, and training needs) and problems in the mental health system. The authors discuss the changed sense of self that service provider roles can create for consumers and suggest that mental health administrators provide anticipatory socialization for this service innovation throughout their agencies and ongoing supports for consumers in their new roles.

Adult↗
PubMed1998

Weight loss patterns and success rates in high school wrestlers.

PURPOSE: The purposes were to: 1) examine the weight loss patterns in a group of high school varsity wrestlers whose teams participated in a body composition measurement@nutrition education program, and 2) test the hypothesis that wrestling at a weight below recommended Minimum Wrestling Weight (MWW) results in decreased wrestling success. METHODS: We measured skinfold thickness in 465 wrestlers at 16 schools and, using the Lohman method, determined their percent body fat. An educational program presented at each school explained the results, provided nutritional information regarding proper diet and methods of weight loss, and suggested a voluntary MWW corresponding to 5% body fat. After excluding the heavyweight wrestlers, there were 159 varsity wrestlers. At the end of the season, we noted their weight class and whether they placed in post-season state championship qualifying tournaments. RESULTS: We found that 53 wrestlers (33%) wrestled below MWW. When analyzed by school, wrestlers' non-adherence to MWW ranged from 0% to 56% of all wrestlers. In the lightest four weight classes, 62% wrestled below MWW; in the middle four classes, 29%; and in the heaviest four classes, 6%. Of the 53 wrestlers below MWW, 57% placed and of the 106 above MWW, 33% placed (P < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS: These results show that a substantial number of wrestlers who participate in a voluntary body fat measurement and diet education program wrestle below recommended MWW. This is particularly true at lower weight classes. Further, wrestling below MWW was associated with greater wrestling success. The current concept of MWW should not be based on wrestling performance effects.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1998

Acute weight gain and its relationship to success in high school wrestlers.

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to investigate 1. the extent of weight gain by high school wrestlers between an evening weigh-in and the first round of wrestling the next morning and 2. the relationship between weight gain and wrestling success. METHODS: Body weights of competitors (N = 260) in a high school wrestling tournament were recorded at official weigh-in and again, about 12 h later, immediately before the first round of wrestling. Data for the heavyweight class was excluded. Weight gain (WG in kg), relative weight gain (RWG in %), and weight discrepancy between opponents (WD in kg) were calculated from data obtained at the weighings. The mean WG for all wrestlers was 1.3 kg +/- 1.1 with a range of -2.0 kg to +4.4 kg. This corresponds to RWG of 2.2 +/- 1.7% body weight. RESULTS: WG in the lower weight classes was statistically larger than that seen in the highest weight classes (P < 0.05). The smallest RWG was seen in the 189-lb. class (1.1 +/- 1.9%), and the largest RWG was seen in the 112-lb. class (3.0 +/- 2.1%). Average WD between competitors was 1.7 +/- 1.5 kg (range 0-7.5 kg.). Average WD was largest in the two heaviest classes. Average WG was 1.5 +/- 1.1 kg for winners and 1.2 +/- 1.0 kg for losers. RWG was 2.4 +/- 1.8% for winners and 1.9 +/- 1.6% for losers. CONCLUSIONS: The difference in WG and RWG between winners and losers was significant (P < 0.05). In 74 of the 130 bouts (57%), the heavier wrestler was successful (NS).

Adolescent↗
PubMed1996

Consumers as community support providers: issues created by role innovation.

Using data from a CSP-funded research demonstration project designed to expand vocational services offered by case management teams serving people with serious mental illness, this paper examines the issues created by employing consumers as peer support specialists for the project. Roles and benefits of these positions are analyzed. Challenges experienced by specialists created by serving peers, the structure of the position, the mental health system and the community, and personal issues are analyzed using data from focus groups and the project's management information system. Implications for consumer role definition, supports for role effectiveness, and the structuring of these types of positions are discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

The role of animation as a program development strategy.

As an approach to community organization, animation involves the activation of people to take responsibility for their own affairs, with the aim of achieving their own, self-defined ends. The authors analyze the use of animation as a strategy of social program development undertaken by a nonprofit organization to initiate a clubhouse serving people with serious mental illness. Six animation strategies and their impact on the local community, sponsoring organization, and subsequent clubhouse program development are examined. The authors recognize the intensive resource requirements of animation, but they conclude that successful animation results in a program that enjoys high levels of community support, understanding, and legitimacy.

Community Health Planning↗
PubMed1992

Refining an advocacy model for homeless people coping with psychiatric disabilities.

This article reports a successful field test of a client-driven model of support and advocacy for people labeled mentally ill, which has some similarities to case management models. Refinements of the model to address the unique service needs of similar clients who are also homeless are then articulated. Implications for service delivery are discussed.

Adaptation, Psychological↗
PubMed1991

Needs of homeless people coping with psychiatric problems: findings from an innovative advocacy project.

In this article the authors report on the self-perceived needs of 40 homeless people who are coping with psychiatric problems. These people were among 207 with psychiatric problems participating in an innovative advocacy project based outside the formal mental health system. Compared with domiciled participants, the homeless participants had more accentuated and somewhat different major daily living needs in the areas of income and benefits, housing, legal services, employment, and health care. On the basis of these findings, the authors draw implications for social work practice with homeless people coping with psychiatric problems.

Adaptation, Psychological↗
PubMed1989

Perceptions of case management services for elderly people.

Currently, case management is receiving considerable attention in the aging network as a means of coordinating and integrating services for elderly clients. However, social workers require additional data to better understand the use of this innovation. Formative data on how referral agents perceive one case management program for elderly people is provided. Most of the 137 referral agents who responded to questionnaires (259 questionnaires were mailed) viewed the program as appropriate in addressing basic social support needs of elderly people and inappropriate in addressing more complex physical and mental health problems. Although the referral agents perceived staff to be generally qualified, they also perceived the program to be understaffed and not building adequate awareness of its availability. Finally, perceptions of the adequacy of staffing and commitment of staff to serving elderly people were the strongest correlates of the program's perceived effectiveness.

Aged↗
PubMed1989

An advocacy model for people with long-term psychiatric disabilities.

Traditional rights protection and advocacy systems in the mental health field have focused primarily on the use of legal processes to protect patients in inpatient settings. This paper describes a study of an advocacy model designed to help frequent users of mental health services adjust more successfully to community living. Clients who were offered advocacy services related to self-identified problems and needs were compared with a control group who were not offered the services. During the study period clients who received the advocacy services were hospitalized significantly fewer days than the control group with no increase in psychiatric symptoms, but the differences between the two groups disappeared after advocacy services were terminated. The authors compare the advocacy intervention to case management and discuss the potential role of advocacy services in mental health systems.

Adaptation, Psychological↗