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Biomedical subjects

D P Sponenberg

Publications and source records attributed to D P Sponenberg.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1985

Water deprivation-sodium chloride intoxication in a group of feeder lambs.

Six of a group of 100 feeder lambs that had been deprived of sodium chloride, then more recently deprived of water, developed water deprivation-sodium chloride intoxication soon after water and a mineral supplement containing sodium chloride were reintroduced. The clinical signs included somnolence, intense thirst, and generalized muscle fasciculations. Serum chemical analyses revealed profound hypernatremia and hyperchloremia. Two mildly affected lambs recovered with partial water restriction and 2 severely affected lambs died despite medication to reduce cerebral edema. Postmortem examination of the 2 treated lambs and the 2 lambs found dead revealed microscopic evidence of cerebral edema and cerebrocorticonecrosis.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

Role of alpha 1-adrenoceptors in norepinephrine-induced cardiomyopathy.

This study practically delineated the contribution of alpha-adrenoceptor activation to the pathogenesis of norepinephrine (NE) cardiomyopathy. A total of 64 adult New Zealand white rabbits were used. NE cardiomyopathy was produced in rabbits by a 90-minute intravenous infusion of norepinephrine (2 micrograms/kg/min at infusion rate 0.382 ml/min). Arterial blood pressure and heart rate were constantly monitored. Arterial blood samples were obtained at 30-minute intervals for measurements of pH, blood gases, and glucose. Alpha-adrenoceptor blocking agents, when employed, were given 15 minutes prior to the initiation of NE infusion. Two days after treatment the rabbits were killed. The hearts were examined microscopically and assigned a histologic score. Pretreatment with the alpha 1-adrenoceptor blocker prazosin at 50, 100, or 200 micrograms/kg significantly reduced NE-induced myocardial injury in a dose-related manner. In contrast, the presence of alpha 2-adrenoceptor blocker yohimbine at 2.5 or 5.0 mg/kg was ineffective in preventing the formation of myocardial lesions. These findings suggest that NE cardiomyopathy may result largely from activation of the alpha 1-adrenoceptor system in the rabbit model.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

Bronchiolar adenocarcinoma in a cow.

An aged beef cow had a primary lung tumor that was diagnosed postmortem. Clinical signs included inappetence, weight loss, coughing, dyspnea, and reduced lung sounds. Antibiotic treatment was ineffective. The cow was euthanatized. Postmortem examination revealed numerous, firm nodules throughout both lungs. Microscopically, the pulmonary nodules contained neoplastic cells and the diagnosis was bronchiolar adenocarcinoma. A diagnosis of pulmonary neoplasia, although rare, should be considered in an aged cow with similar historical and clinical findings.

Adenocarcinoma, Bronchiolo-Alveolar↗
PubMed1983

Pheochromocytomas and ultimobranchial (C-cell) neoplasms in the bull: evidence of autosomal dominant inheritance in the Guernsey breed.

Pheochromocytomas and ultimobranchial (C-cell) neoplasms were diagnosed at a high frequency in a family of Guernsey bulls. The incidence supported the hypothesis of autosomal dominant inheritance of the neoplasms. These two neoplasms also occur in man as multiple endocrine adenomatosis type 2, which has autosomal dominant inheritance.

Adrenal Gland Neoplasms↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Germinal reversion of the merle allele in Australian shepherd dogs.

A homozygous merle Australian shepherd bitch produced two nonmerle offspring and 64 that carried the merle allele. The two nonmerle offspring produced no merles when bred to nonmerles, indicating that the germinal reversion to nonmerle was stable. This occurrence is further evidence that the merle allele is due to a transposable DNA element.

Alleles↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Direct evidence for linkage of roan and extension loci in Belgian horses.

A bay roan Brabant Belgian stallion (ERn/ ern) was bred to eight chestnut American Belgian mares (ern/ ern), producing 57 foals. Thirty foals were bay roan, 25 were chestnut, one was bay, and one was chestnut roan. The recombination rate was 0.035 +/- 0.024, indicating fairly close linkage between the roan (Rn) and extension (E) loci.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Inheritance of the harlequin color in Great Dane dogs.

The harlequin color pattern of Great Dane dogs differs from merle in that the background is white instead of blue. Harlequin by harlequin matings produced 60 black, 77 harlequin, 42 merle, and 35 homozygous merle pups. Harlequin by black matings produced 44 black, 26 harlequin, 25 merle, and one white (homozygous merle?) pups. All harlequins produced some merles. These data best fit the hypothesis that harlequin is a modification of merle (Mm) caused by an autosomal dominant mutation that is lethal to homozygotes, and to about half of heterozygotes when combined with the MM genotype. The symbol H is proposed for this mutation.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Inheritance of tweed, a modification of merle, in Australian shepherd dogs.

An autosomal mutation is responsible for the modification of merle coat color (previously indicated to be due to a transposable DNA element) to the tweed merle pattern in the Australian shepherd dog. The tweed merle pattern consists of color patches that have a greater range in the intensity of the dilute patches and tend to be larger than the patches of nontweed merle. It has no action on nonmerle dogs. The symbol Tw is proposed for this gene.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Hereditary meningoencephalocele in Burmese cats.

A syndrome of meningoencephalocele and related craniofacial abnormalities occurred in 19 (6 male, 3 female, 10 of unknown sex) of 88 kittens in 22 litters born to matings between Burmese cats that were known to produce this defect. This is consistent with the action of an autosomal recessive gene. The exceptional breeding record of one cat indicates that perhaps the phenotype is impenetrant in at least some homozygotes. The gene symbol mc is proposed for this defect.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

An extension locus mosaic Labrador retriever dog.

A mosaic male Labrador retriever with coat color of black and yellow areas is described. Matings of this dog to black, chocolate, and yellow Labrador bitches were consistent with his producing only yellow (e) gametes at the extension locus. His phenotype could have resulted either from somatic mutation of E to e or e to E early in development; or from fusion of Ee and an ee male zygotes to form a chimera.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

The inheritance of the leopard complex of spotting patterns in horses.

The leopard complex of white spotting patterns in horses consists of the leopard, few-spot leopard, blanket, blanket with spots, varnish roan (or marble), snowflake, frosted, speckled, and mottled patterns. Horses with any of these patterns can produce the other patterns when mated to nonpatterned horses. Twenty-two horses of the Welsh Pony, Noriker, Appaloosa, and Pony of the Americas breeds produced 270 foals in a distribution consistent with a single dominant allele being responsible for the patterns. The symbol for this dominant allele, Lp, is retained from previous work on the leopard pattern. Heterozygotes are less extensively marked than are homozygotes, but the two classes overlap. The differences in the patterns are related to varying degrees of expression of this allele.

Alleles↗