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Biomedical subjects

D Pathak

Publications and source records attributed to D Pathak.

84 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed1975

Anxiety in schizophrenia. The responses to chlordiazepoxide in an intensive design study.

Six anxious schizophrenic patients who were maintained with phenothiazines participated in a double-blind intensive design study of chlordiazepoxide and placebo for 12 weeks or longer. There were substantial differences between patients in their responses to chlordiazepoxide: two patients experienced significant and conspicuous relief of distress and reduction of typical schizophrenic symptoms. In another patient the differences, although statistically significant, were clinically less striking. In the three remaining patients no differences were observed between responses to the two treatments except that one patient was more depressed with chlordiazepoxide than with placebo. The findings suggest that there are at least two kinds of anxiety in schizophrenia. A few anxious schizophrenic patients apparently benefit more from a combination of a phenothiazine with chlordiazepoxide than from a phenothiazine alone.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Effects of pentoxifylline (Trental) on blood flow, viscosity, and oxygen transport in young adults with inoperable cyanotic congenital heart disease.

Four polycythemic young adults with inoperable cyanotic congenital heart disease were treated for 12 weeks with 20 mg/kg/day of pentoxifylline in an attempt to increase pulmonary blood flow by improving red blood cell demorability and decreasing whole blood viscosity. Treatment caused a rise in mean arterial oxygen saturation from 75-82%, a fall in the mean oxygen extraction coefficient from 47-40%, and a fall in mean oxygen consumption from 186-169 ml/min/m2. Pentoxifylline decreased whole blood, but not plasma, viscosity at all hematocrits over a range of shear rates. Two patients had significant bleeding episodes during treatment.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

The phenomenology of panic attacks in panic disorder with and without agoraphobia.

The frequency of symptoms during panic attacks and anticipation of the panic consequences were compared in patients with the subtypes of panic disorder (PD). Patients with moderate and severe agoraphobic avoidance reported that they had experienced more symptoms than patients with an uncomplicated PD (without agoraphobia [AG]); they also experienced almost all of the symptoms more frequently, with the difference being significant for a quarter of the examined panic symptoms. Panic patients with moderate and severe AG were also significantly more concerned about the loss of control and social and physical consequences of panic attacks. Taken together, these findings suggest that the severity of panic attacks, defined as the number of panic symptoms, along with a variety of anticipatory fears about the consequences of the attacks may contribute to the development of AG in panic patients.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Effects of alfentanil and lidocaine on the hemodynamic responses to laryngoscopy and tracheal intubation.

This study was undertaken to determine whether lidocaine and/or alfentanil can effectively abolish or attenuate the increase in mean arterial pressure (MAP), heart rate (HR), and rate pressure product (RPP) associated with rapid sequence induction of anesthesia. Sixty patients were randomly divided into four groups. Group 1 received saline 10 ml, group 2 received lidocaine 2 mg/kg, group 3 received alfentanil 15 micrograms/kg, and group 4 received alfentanil 30 micrograms/kg. All patients were induced with sodium thiopental 4 mg/kg and succinylcholine 1.5 mg/kg to facilitate tracheal intubation. The study drug was given after sodium thiopental was administered, and the investigator was blinded to it. Blood pressure (BP) and HR were recorded at the following times: before induction; after induction but before laryngoscopy and intubation; and 1, 3, and 5 minutes after intubation. Alfentanil 15 and 30 micrograms/kg given in rapid sequence fashion with thiopental and succinylcholine effectively blunted the hemodynamic responses to laryngoscopy and tracheal intubation. Lidocaine 2 mg/kg and saline were found to be ineffective in blunting these same responses.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Synthesis and study of some 4-aza and 17a-azasteroidal isoxazoles.

4-Aza-5 alpha-androstano[2,3-d]isoxazole 4 and 17a-aza-D-homo-5-androsteno[17,16-c]isoxazole 7 have been prepared by treating alpha,beta-unsaturated-beta-chloroaldehydes 3 and 6 [1, 2] with hydroxylamine hydrochloride in pyridine. [16,17-d]Isoxazole derivatives 4 and 8 were found to be unstable in most of the organic solvents. beta-Cyanolactam derivatives 5 and 9 have also been prepared in both the series.

Androstenes↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Hypochondriacal beliefs and attitudes in family practice and psychiatric patients.

Beliefs and attitudes which can be responsible for hypochondriacal behavior were explored by administering the Illness Attitude Scales and two distress scales to patients attending a family practice clinic, nonpsychotic psychiatric outpatients and a random group of employees. Family practice patients were more distressed, had more hypochondriacal concerns and had more bodily preoccupations than employees and took more precautions about their health. Psychiatric patients were more distressed and had more fears about illness and death than family practice patients, yet took fewer precautions about their health. The findings appear to have implications for treatment.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Psychedelic effects of a subanesthetic concentration of nitrous oxide.

The subjective effects of nitrous oxide were examined by administering questionnaires to volunteers (16 men and 16 women) breathing 30% nitrous oxide or 100% oxygen. Nitrous oxide produced a variety of subjective effects, including some that are characteristic of psychedelic drugs, such as happy, euphoric mood changes, changes in body awareness and image, alterations of time perception, and experiences of a dreamy, detached reverie state. The subjective effects, including those of a psychedelic nature, were very similar to the subject effects we observed in a previous study of nitrous oxide. However, euphoric mood changes were more pronounced, and adverse effects were less pronounced, in the present study, possibly due to the shorter duration of gas inhalation or the minimal tests of performance involved. Some other differences in subjective effects between the present and previous studies were identified by a discriminant analysis and seemed related to specific differences in experimental conditions. This suggests that the environment can influence which drug effects emerge, or at least their relative prominence. Clinicians should be familiar with the range of subjective effects that patients inhaling nitrous oxide may experience.

Adult↗