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Biomedical subjects

D Patton

Publications and source records attributed to D Patton.

48 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1984

The quality and quantity of marital intimacy in the marriages of psychiatric patients.

Lack of intimacy in the marital relationship is hypothesized to be associated with the presence of symptoms of nonpsychotic emotional illness in one or both spouses. The development of the Waring Intimacy Questionnaire (WIQ) has furthered the understanding of the relationship between intimacy and illness. A clinical sample (n = 184) was compared to a nonclinical sample (n = 188) on both the quality and quantity of intimacy. The clinical sample reports significantly lower intimacy [F (1, 370) = 37.5, p less than .001] and is deficient on almost all aspects of intimacy described, except sexuality. The results suggest that the WIQ is a useful assessment tool which may identify marital relationships that are not close, marital assessment may be useful in formulating a comprehensive treatment plan, and the sexual quality of marriage may operate independently of marital intimacy.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Marital intimacy and depression.

Recent research has suggested that the absence of an intimate, confiding relationship may be a vulnerability factor in the development of depression in women living under adverse circumstances. This study demonstrates a significant association between severity of depression and deficiencies of marital intimacy; depressed patients with the lowest levels of marital intimacy failed to improve at one month follow-up, while 36% of the spouses of the depressed patients had symptoms of non-psychotic emotional illness. The depressed patients and their spouses' perception of their marital intimacy differ, but these differences appear not to be solely related to the spouse's depression.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Small cell bronchogenic carcinoma: factors associated with pneumonia during chemotherapy.

Sixty-five patients with small cell bronchogenic carcinoma were treated with intensive induction chemotherapy and supportive treatment. The clinical course of 43 patients who had pretreatment spirometry and arterial blood gases was studied. Thirteen patients developed pneumonia. Moderate hypoxemia, advanced age, and a low forced expiratory flow 25%-75% were associated with the development of pneumonia. Endobronchial obstruction and neutropenia, other factors associated with infection in cancer patients, appeared to be less important in this patient population.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

Response of patients with chronic pain to exercise quotas.

The effects of setting exercise quotas were examined using 26 subjects with chronic pain. The subjects were participants in a residential treatment program. Each subject was assigned a group of exercises to perform twice daily. A single subject multiple baseline design across responses was used to evaluate treatment effects. The data analysis revealed that the subjects responded to quotas by showing steady and gradual increases in exercise activity. These effects, however, occurred only when quotas were set and were not generalized from "quota" to "nonquota" exercises. These data were discussed in terms of the usefulness of exercise quotas, the applicability of multiple baseline designs, and the need for more research in the area of generalization.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

Prospective use of xenon Xe 133 clearance for amputation level selection.

Xenon Xe 133 clearance was used to select the most distal amputation level that would allow sufficient blood flow for healing. Capillary blood flow was first measured at the most distal potential amputation level, then at successive proximal levels until an amputation site was found that had a capillary skin blood flow rate greater than or equal to 2.6 mL/min/100 g of tissue. Xenon Xe 133 in saline (100 to 500 mCi) was injected intracutaneously at each level, and flow rates were determined using a gamma camera interfaced with a computer system programmed for the Ketty-Schmidt formula modified for capillary blood flow. There were 45 cases, including one toes, six transmetatarsal, five Syme's, 25 below-knee, four knee disarticulation, three above-knee, and one hip disarticulation amputation. All amputations in patients with flow rates exceeding 2.4 mL/min/100 g of tissue healed, with two exceptions.

Aged↗
PubMed1980

Lipid changes in atherosclerotic aortas of Macaca fascicularis after various regression regimens.

plasma and aortic tissue lipid changes in atherosclerotic Macaca fascicularis monkeys were studied following various regression regimens for 18 months. Atherosclerosis was induced in groups of 18 Macaca fascicularis monkeys by feeding a semipurified diet containing 43% of the calories as fat and 1.2 mg/kcal cholesterol for 6 months. Five groups of animals were continued on the same diet containing 0.34 mg/kcal cholesterol during the regression period, and were given the following hypocholesterolemic regimens: none (positive controls); D-thyroxine; pyrimidine derivative; cholestyramine; and alfalfa. Another group of animals was maintained on regular monkey chow alone during the regression period (negative control). Among the hypocholesterolemic agents, cholestyramine very effectively reduced the plasma cholesterol, and aorta free- and esterified cholesterol and phospholipids. D-Thyroxine significantly lowered the plasma cholesterol levels but, surprisingly, tissue lipid levels were the highest among the groups studied. Alfalfa, although not as effective as cholestyramine, tended to reduce the plasma and tissue lipids more than other drugs. Pyrimidine derivative actually increased the mean levels of plasma and tissue cholesterol. Plasma cholesterol correlated positively with aortic tissue cholesterol, free and esterified cholesterol. Both the plasma percentage distribution of alpha-lipoprotein and the phospholipid/cholesterol ratio were inversely related to all tissues lipids. Plasma cholesterol accounted for 43% and 30% respectively of the variability in tissue total and esterified cholesterol. Thus the effectiveness of any hypocholesterolemic regimen is probably dependent on achieving a favorable lipoprotein distribution in plasma without any adverse effect on the arterial wall metabolism.

Animals↗
PubMed1979

Serial TSH determination after T3 withdrawal or thyroidectomy in the therapy of thyroid carcinoma.

Exogenous triiodothyronine (T3) was substituted for levothyroxin or desiccated thyroid in 13 athyrotic patients previously treated for papillary, follicular, or mixed papillary-follicular carcinoma of the thyroid. After 4 weeks T3 therapy was discontinued and serial determinations of plasma thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) concentrations were made. A roughly exponential rise in TSH values, corresponding to a doubling time of 2 days, was observed until a level of 40 microIU/ml was reached, after which the curve passed through a maximum at 20 days. The mean time required for a level of 50 microIU/ml was 11 days, and this time is suggested for TSH determination before I-131 imaging of patients with thyroid cancer. Plasma TSH values in eight patients following "total" thyroidectomy showed a much slower and more variable rise, with a mean doubling time of 7.6 days. Weekly TSH levels beginning at 15 days will provide a rational basis for I-131 imaging in this group, in whom a longer period of hypothyroidism will be required before imaging and therapy. Adherence to these protocols should minimize the duration of hypothyroidism in patients undergoing I-131 treatment of thyroid carcinoma.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1978

Predictive value of bone scans in an adjuvant breast cancer program.

Technetium 99m phosphate-complex bone scans were performed in 43 women within two months of mastectomy for stage I (1 patient), stage II (28 patients), and stage III (14 patients) breast cancer. Twelve (28%) initial bone scans were interpreted as either equivocally abnormal (6 scans) or definitely abnormal (6 scans). Radiographs confirmed metastatic disease in 2 patients who were then considered ineligible for adjuvant therapy (adriamycin-cyclophosphamide with or without local radiotherapy). Of the remaining 41 eligible patients, all have received adjuvant therapy and 36 have had at least one additional bone scan at 6-month intervals. Among 20 patients whose serial bone scans were unchanged, there has been no clinical recurrence with a mean followup of 20 months. In contrast, among 16 patients whose serial bone scans have changed (e.g., appearance of new focal lesions, disappearance of old lesions), there have been 6 clinical recurrences (p = 0.01) with a mean followup of 43 months. We conclude that carefully performed technetium pyrophosphate bone scans are helpful in the accurate initial staging of patients being considered for adjuvant breat cancer treatment, and that serial changes in the bone scan identify a group of patients at high risk for early recurrence.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

A personality typology of smokers.

The study of smoker's personality has a long and controversial history. Smokers tend to be more extroverted, tense, and anxious and have more antisocial characteristics than nonsmokers. However, some of the data is contradictory, and the strength of the relationship between personality and smoking is weak, probably because smokers are not a homogeneous group. To test this possibility, we used cluster analysis to identify types of smokers in a general population sample. Using Ward's heirarchical clustering algorithm, two clusters were identified from the scores on 10 personality measures in 346 smokers. The smaller cluster (28.8% of the smokers) was higher on neuroticism-related characteristics. The clusters were not different on extroversion-related measures, but people in the smaller cluster were more likely to have symptoms of alcoholism and to have more drinking-related problems (although they didn't actually drink more). They were also younger, had lower income, and were antisocial. The pattern of results suggests that there is a subpopulation of smokers who are more anxious than other smokers and who have strong antisocial tendencies.

Adult↗