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Biomedical subjects

D Polić

Publications and source records attributed to D Polić.

13 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1998

Spatial arrangement of the structural elements of vocal fold layers: an adjustment to the vibration process.

It is well established that the multilayered structure of the vocal fold is highly adjusted to the requirements of the vibration process during phonation. There is also some partial data indicating that the spatial arrangement of each vocal fold layer corresponds to the functional requirements, and thus facilitate the phonation process. Nevertheless, all reports on the spatial arrangement of the vocal fold structures deal only with an individual element of the vocal fold histologic structure. The present study encompasses the spatial histologic analysis of all major elements of the vocal fold layers. It was demonstrated that the vocal fold epithelial cells, the connective and muscle fibers, and even the blood vessels run parallel to the vocal fold free edge, which indicates a high adjustment to the phonation requirements and the vibration process.

Humans↗
PubMed1998

Cathepsin D: association between TN-stage and steroid receptor status of breast carcinoma.

PURPOSE: To assess whether the expression of estrogen-induced protease, cathepsin D, might facilitate biological subgrouping of patients with breast carcinomas, and accordingly, its potential applicability in clinical oncology. PATIENTS AND METHODS: This study includes 70 patients with histologically confirmed breast carcinoma. Pathological findings were classified according to tumor size (T) and the presence or absence of metastases in regional lymph nodes (N). Steroid hormone receptor (SR) density as well as cathepsin D concentrations were assayed in the cytosol of breast carcinomas in accordance with the recommendation of the EORTC. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION: Statistically significant direct correlations were observed between cathepsin D expression and axillary node status as well as SR status. However, it is important to point out that in spite of these statistically significant findings, there were no biologically significant associations due to a wide range of individual cathepsin D values. Baseline levels of cathepsin D expression were found in patients with SR-negative status and node-negative tumors as well as in patients with SR-negative status and tumors of </=2 cm. Accordingly, a clinical significance of cathepsin D expression may be assumed.

Biomarkers, Tumor↗
PubMed1997

Histological basis for indirect videostroboscopic phonosurgery--a scanning electron microscopic study.

Indications for indirect videostroboscopic surgery are well established for small, benign functional lesions of the vocal folds. Epithelial cells of the vocal folds are spindle-shaped and by their long axies run parallel to the free edge of the vocal fold. This occurrence is used clinically by surgeons to obtain an even operative defect when using a cup forceps during single-handed manipulations. Nevertheless, there are still some doubts about single-handed procedures, so that many surgeons prefer the convenience of bimanual manipulation offered by direct (suspension) microlaryngoscopic surgery. The aim of this study was to demonstrate that single-handed manipulation during indirect videostroboscopic surgery permitted obtaining regular edges of an operative defect during laryngeal surgery. A scanning electron microscopic study was conducted on five cadaver larynges following indirect videoscopic excisions at the vocal fold's free edge and ten controls. Results demonstrated a clearly regular edge of the operative defects in cases when a posterior traction surgical procedure was followed. These findings reaffirm the value of indirect videostroboscopic surgery for small, benign functional lesions of the vocal folds.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

Variations in steroid hormone receptor content throughout age and menopausal periods, and menstrual cycle in breast cancer patients.

Variations in steroid hormone receptor contents throughout age and menopausal periods define three breast carcinoma groups: younger premenopausal carcinomas (aged up to 45), middle-aged carcinomas (pre-, peri- and postmenopausal aged 45-59) and older postmenopausal carcinomas (aged over 59). Age-related steroid hormone receptor contents within premenopausal and postmenopausal carcinoma groups are characterized by the important increase of both receptor contents, while menopausal-related steroid hormone receptor contents within middle-aged carcinoma group (aged 45-59) are characterized by the important decrease of progesterone receptor content and estrogen receptor functionality. No variations in steroid hormone receptor contents throughout menstrual cycle within the follicular and the luteal phases were obtained. The important decrease of estrogen receptor content in the mid-cycle phase versus the perimenstrual phase was found. Variations in steroid hormone receptor contents throughout age and menopausal periods, as well as throughout menstrual cycle could not be associated with variations in the blood steroid hormone concentrations. However, important association between steroid hormone receptor contents and the blood steroid hormone concentrations was found within the luteal phase carcinoma group and within older postmenopausal carcinoma group. It is interesting that within carcinoma group with the highest concentration of progesterone, progesterone receptor content increases with an increase of the ratio of estradiol and progesterone blood concentrations, while within carcinoma group with the lowest steroid hormone concentration and the highest content of estrogen receptor content, estrogen receptor content decreases with an increase of either the blood estradiol concentration or the ratio of the blood estradiol and progesterone blood concentrations.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

Estrogen dependence of primary breast cancer--correlation with histologic type and grade.

The purpose of this study was to investigate whether histologic type and grade of primary breast cancer are related to the estrogen and progesterone receptors. Our results showed that histologic type influenced the estrogen dependence through histologic grade. There was no difference in the estrogen and progesterone receptor content, when corresponding grades of different histologic types and estrogen dependence were confirmed by quantitative non-parametric analysis. It showed a direct relationship between estrogen and progesterone receptor content in all the three histologic grades and further that histologic grade defines three different groups in regard to progesterone receptor content.

Breast Neoplasms↗
PubMed1990

[Loose anagen hair syndrome].

In 1984, Zaun described a new type of pilary dysplasia characterized by easily pluckable hair. We were able to observe three patients with this anomaly, and this paper is an attempt at reviewing the subject on the basis of these new cases compared with those previously published. Clinical features. The major sign of the anomaly is that hairs can be pulled off in tufts easily and painlessly, and promptly grow again (our cases). In all cases reported so far the hair was blond or dark-blond; in some patients it is described as scintillating (our cases). The hair shaft is usually thin (one of our cases), but it may be of normal caliber (two of our patients). In the occipital region the hairs are entangled, dry and short (our cases). They are implanted wide apart or at normal intervals (our patients); areas of alopecia are sometimes encountered (our cases). Hair growth may be slow (one of our cases) or of normal speed (two of our cases). The eyelashes and eyebrows, as well as other body hairs, are normal in all patients (fig. 1). Microscopy. The trichogram is exclusively composed of anagenic and dystrophic roots (our cases). Pathological examination by biopsy of the scalp is characteristic: transverse and oblique sections of the follicles show that the hairs are oval, triangular or trapezoidal in shape (fig. 7). Alterations of the inner epithelial sheath are also present, including keratinization and early decomposition (fig. 8), lack of complementation (fig. 7) and fissures between the cuticle of the inner epithelial sheath and of the hair, in the keratogenic area (fig. 9). (ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Alopecia↗
PubMed1988

[Pili annulati. A scanning electron microscopy study].

A case of ringed hair studied by light and electron microscopy is reported. The patient, a 20-year old girl, had been presenting with the hair abnormality since birth. At naked eye examination the hairs were dry, 6 to 7 cm long, and they showed dull and shining areas giving the scalp hair a scintillating appearance (fig. 1). Several samples of hair were taken and examined by light microscopy under white and polarized light. Hair shafts and cryo-fractured surfaces were examined by scanning electron microscopy. RESULTS. 1. Light microscopy. Lesions were found in every hair examined. There were abnormal, opaque and fusiform areas alternating with normal areas all along the hair shaft (fig. 2). The abnormal areas resulted from intracortical air-filled cavities. Fractures similar to those of trichorrhexis nodosa were found in the opaque areas of the distal parts of the hairs. 2. Scanning electron microscopy. A. Hair shaft surface. The abnormal areas showed a longitudinal, "curtain-like" folding of the cuticular cells which had punctiform depressions on their surface and worn free edges (fig. 4, 5, 6); trichorrhexis-type fractures were seen in the distal parts of the hair shafts (fig. 7, 8). Normal areas regularly presented with longitudinal, superficial, short and non-systematized depressions (fig. 9); the cuticular cells were worn, and there were places where the denuded cortex showed dissociated cortical fibres (fig. 10).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗
PubMed1987

[Wooly hair syndrome. Clinical and microscopic study].

Three cases of wolly hair syndrome in the same family are reported (fig. 1; case IV-1, IV-2 and III-1). The abnormality is transmitted as a dominant autosomal trait. The main clinical features in our three patients were the fine, soft and frizzy woolly hair (fig.2) and generalized hypothrichosis. In the boy (case IV-2), atrophic follicular keratosis restricted to the cheeks developed during puberty. Serum and urinary copper and zinc levels, urinary aminoacid levels and the results of other laboratory and clinical examinations were normal. Hairs were examined by light microscopy under white light (WLM) and polarized light (PL) and by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). This study revealed the following abnormalities in most of the hair shafts: 1. The hairs were flat and appeared as oval or irregular on transverse sections (SEM; fig. 4 and 5). 2. Longitudinal and transverse grooves were present in the proximal part of the hair shaft, resulting in irregular contour of the hair. Striation of the cuticle cells was normal, with wearing of their free borders (PL, SEM; fig. 3b, 4 and 6). 3. Axial torsions were present in the proximal and distal parts of the hair. These torsions were irregular, occasional and different from true Pili torti (PL, SEM; fig. 3d and 7). 4. In the distal part of the hair the cuticle cells were either damaged or absent, with decomposition of the cortex (SEM, fig. 8), resulting in early fractures of the hairs: trichorrhexis nodosa, trichoschisis, trichoptilosis (PL; fig. 3e, f, g).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

pS2 in breast carcinoma: association with steroid hormone receptor status.

AIMS AND BACKGROUND: Knowledge of the steroid hormone receptors has proved to be of significant value in breast cancer. In the present study the possible importance of estrogen-regulated pS2 protein was investigated. Our direct purpose was to answer the question whether the expression of pS2 may be a marker of functional heterogeneity with respect to the steroid hormone receptor status. METHODS AND STUDY DESIGN: The study included 152 patients with primary, operable, histologically confirmed breast carcinomas. Histology specimens were reviewed and classified according to type, nodal status, tumor size and grade. Steroid hormone receptors were assayed by biochemical methods according to the procedures recommended by the EORTC. pS2 protein measurement was performed in breast carcinoma cytosols using an immunoradiometric assay. The results were analyzed by non-parametric statistical methods. RESULTS: A statistically significant inverse correlation between pS2 protein expression and histological tumor grade was found. The expression of pS2 protein was confirmed to be correlated with steroid hormone receptor status. However, it is important to point out that in spite of these statistically significant findings there were no significant biological associations due to overlapping individual pS2 protein values. The baseline level of expression of pS2 protein was obtained in histological grade III carcinomas with a negative steroid hormone receptor status. It was shown that the distribution of carcinomas according to the baseline level of pS2 protein expression was heterogeneous among estrogen receptor-positive carcinomas, and strikingly homogeneous among estrogen and progesterone-negative carcinoma. CONCLUSION: Our study suggested that PR and pS2 protein may identify distinct subsets of estrogen receptor-positive breast carcinomas.

Breast Neoplasms↗