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Biomedical subjects

D Prakash

Publications and source records attributed to D Prakash.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1995

Vitamin C in leaves and seed oil composition of the Amaranthus species.

The foliage of 62 specimens of Amaranthus belonging to 10 species of grain and four of vegetable type were analysed for vitamin C content. The overall range of vitamin C was from 69 (A. cruentus, AG-122) to 288 mg/100 g (A. hypochondriacus, Rasna) in the grain type and 62 (A. tricolor, Amar-peet) to 209 mg/100 g (A. tricolor, AV-101, exp) in the vegetable type (fresh weight). Variation of vitamin C with leaf position (age) was also studied. While the oil content in 110 lines of A. hypochondriacus varied from 4.4 to 13.2%, most of the specimens had promising oil composition with regard to unsaturated fatty acids.

Ascorbic Acid↗
PubMed1994

Topoisomerase I and II activity in human breast, cervix, lung and colon cancer.

The identification of human DNA topoisomerases as cellular targets for active anti-cancer drugs has stimulated further interest in topoisomerase function in tumour biology. Topoisomerase I and II catalytic activity is detectable in many normal and malignant tissues. However, little is known about the expression of topoisomerases in most human solid tumours. The present study evaluated topoisomerase I and II activity in biopsy samples from 86 patients with breast, lung, cervix or colon cancers. Significant intra- and inter-tumour variation in topoisomerase expression was observed. Topoisomerase I activity was relatively high in cervix and colon tumours in comparison to lung and breast cancers. Topoisomerase II activity was high in cervix, colon and lung cancers relative to breast cancer. Topoisomerase I and II activity co-segregated in individual colon tumour samples, but no correlation was observed in cervix, lung or breast tumours. The large heterogeneity in both topoisomerase I and II activity within a tumour type suggests a mechanism for variable response to topoisomerase-directed therapy. The differences in activity between tumour groups suggest that the potential efficacy of inhibitors of topoisomerase I in colon and cervical tumours may be greater than in lung and breast tumours. Future in vivo evaluation is required to establish the clinical relevance of the observed heterogeneity in topoisomerase activity.

Breast Neoplasms↗
PubMed1993

Immunodiagnosis of dracunculiasis by dot-ELISA.

A dot-enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (dot-ELISA) using soluble adult-guineaworm antigen was developed for immunodiagnosis of Dracunculus medinensis infection. The test was found to be specific and sensitive when compared with ELISA. The dot-ELISA described here was found to be time-saving and easy to perform, and its possible use as a diagnostic and epidemiological tool under field conditions is therefore discussed.

Animals↗
PubMed1993

Acute intravascular haemolysis in glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency.

Thirty-five children with G6PD deficiency, who presented with acute intravascular haemolysis, were evaluated to define its aetiology, clinical features and ultimate outcome. All were boys with ages ranging from 6 months to 12 years. Pallor of abrupt onset and passage of cola-coloured urine were universal presenting symptoms. Incriminating factors responsible for haemolysis include hepatitis (7), malaria (4), bacterial sepsis (3) and drug intake (24), with more than one predisposing condition existing in some children. Marked elevations in serum bilirubin, coinciding with intravascular haemolysis, was a feature in all the seven children with hepatitis. Azotaemia was noted in 20 patients, of whom 14 did not have oliguria. All four children with malaria presented with protracted renal failure. Therapy focused on maintaining a high urine output in those without oliguria. A total of 15 peritoneal dialyses and five haemodialyses were required in six patients with acute renal failure, all of whom were oliguric. Supportive therapy consisted of blood transfusions and treatment of the predisposing diseases. Thirty-two children recovered completely while three died, the cause of death being severe anaemia and congestive cardiac failure, malaria with oliguric renal failure and hepatic encephalopathy, respectively.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1992

Multi-drug-resistant Salmonella typhi--a need for therapeutic reappraisal.

Enteric fever caused by Salmonella typhi resistant to all the standard first-line antibiotics is emerging as a major problem in developing countries. Fifteen such culture-proven cases were treated with ceftriaxone (6), cefotaxime (5) or ciprofloxacin (4). The earliest defervescence occurred with ceftriaxone (mean 3.3 days). Clinical cures were obtained with all three drugs with only one child having a relapse. Ciprofloxacin, by virtue of its cost and an oral route of administration, is the ideal choice in a developing country.

Cefotaxime↗
PubMed1990

Danazol therapy in immune thrombocytopenic purpura.

Nine children with chronic refractory immune thrombocytopenic purpura and moderate to severe episodes of bleeding were treated with Danazol in an attempt to increase their platelet counts and improve clinical hemostasis. Only one patient experienced an excellent response while a good response was obtained in another. Cessation of bleeding episodes was observed in two other children with only marginal increases in platelet counts. Four of the nine patients failed to show any clinical or hematological improvement. The drug was well tolerated but its efficacy in childhood ITP needs further evaluation.

Child↗
PubMed1988

Gamma-rays and EMS induced pentaphyllous mutant in black gram (Vigna mungo).

Pentaphyllous mutants in black gram were isolated in M2 generation of a segregating family, irradiated at 20 kR. The genetic nature of mutants was tested by hybridizing with controls, and chi-square tests applied to the F2 population, proved it to be a monogenic recessive. The pentaphyllous mutant had a greater number of pods and leaves per plant and larger and more root nodules. It also showed improved nutritional value with increased seed protein percentage and no increase in TIA (trypsin inhibitor activity).

Amino Acids↗
PubMed1988

Protein content and amino acid profile of some wild leguminous seeds.

Seeds of 28 wild growing legumes of India were analysed for their protein content and amino acid compositions. A wide variation was observed in protein contents (18.3 to 50.9%). The amino acid composition and protein content of some of these seeds were in close proximity to that of soybean; however, some legumes registered a higher level of certain amino acids and protein as compared to the latter.

Amino Acids↗
PubMed1988

Amino acid profiles of some under-utilised seeds.

Twenty-three seeds of different botanical families growing in India were analysed for their protein content and amino acid compositions. They showed a wide variation in their total protein (8.0 to 42.7%). Some of them were comparable and some were even better than popular food legumes such as kidney bean and chick-pea in protein levels and amino acid compositions.

Amino Acids↗
PubMed1987

Effect of ozone on ATP, cytosolic enzymes and permeability of Saccharomyces cerevisiae.

Treatment of a yeast suspension with ozone inactivates a number of cytosolic enzymes. Among 15 studied, the most drastic inactivation was found for glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase and to lesser extents: NAD-glutamate dehydrogenase, pyruvate decarboxylase, phosphofructokinase-1 and NAD-alcohol dehydrogenase. Ozone treatment also effects the quantity of ATP and of other nucleoside triphosphates, reducing to about 50% of the initial value. The ATP missing in the cells appears in the medium. NAD and protein also accumulate in the medium suggesting that the yeast cells have been permeabilized. Permeabilization of the yeast cells by treatment with ozone precedes the inactivation of glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase and other cytosolic enzymes.

Adenosine Diphosphate↗