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Biomedical subjects

D Preston

Publications and source records attributed to D Preston.

49 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1980

Hypochloremic alkalosis in infants associated with soy protein formula.

Thirteen infants, 2 to 10 months of age, developed hypochloremic alkalosis (serum chloride 59 to 92 mEq/l) while taking Neo-Mull-Soy (Syntex), a soy-based formula low in chloride (measured to be 0 to 2 mEq/l) but with considerable potassium citrate. Range of symptoms included lethargy, anorexia, mild spitting up, diarrhea, hematuria, and growth failure. Urine chloride excretion was less than 3 mEq/l. Plasma renin activity or aldosterone, measured in six infants, was elevated. All responded promptly to supplemental salt. One infant receiving Neo-Mull-Soy redeveloped alkalosis when supplemental salt was discontinued. Two of nine apparently normal infants receiving Neo-Mull-Soy also had hypochloremia (85, 86 mEq/l). Three of four receiving Prosobee (Mead Johnson; Cl content 7 mEq/l) had urine chloride concentration less than 20 mEq/l. The chloride content of some infant formulas is insufficient to offset salt losses following mild stress.

Alkalosis↗
PubMed1980

Lung cancer in younger patients.

Carcinoma of the lung is rare in younger patients, but occasional reports of this condition have appeared in the literature. This article reviews the clinical and pathological patterns of bronchogenic carcinoma in 96 patients, 40 years old or younger seen at UCLA (University of California, Los Angeles) Hospital between 1956 and 1976. This review confirms the finding in other reports of a higher proportion of women among younger patients with lung cancer as well as a relatively low incidence of squamous cell carcinoma. Using comparative data from the UCLA and California tumor registries, we could find no significant difference in survival of the younger patients when compared with the general population of patients with lung cancer.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Early tissue distribution of therapeutic 131I in a patient with thyrotoxicosis.

A therapeutic dose of 131I was given to a 53-year-old man with thyrotoxicosis three and one-half hours prior to death. The distribution of 131I in the thyroid gland was studied by autoradiography, and the radioactivity in various fresh tissues was measured. Radioactivity was distributed evenly throughout the colloid; small amounts were present in follicular cells. Radioactivity was not localized to the periphery of colloid follicles as observed in an earlier report. Papillary projections were associated with increased radioactivity. Decreased radioactivity was associated with oxyphilic cells. Measurement of 131I in individual tissues showed that per gram of tissue the thyroid gland contained approximately 50 times that of intestine and spleen and approximately 100 times that of liver and bone.

Autoradiography↗
PubMed1978

Dominantly inherited hypertrophic neuropathy.

Clinical, electrophysiological, and histopathological studies of some members of a family with dominantly inherited hypertrophic neuropathy are presented. Twenty-five members were studied. Seventeen were abnormal on clinical examination. Their ages varied from 2 1/2 to 78 years. Age at onset in 14 of the 17 varied between 2 1/2 and 56 years. Pes cavus and palpable nerve thickening were present in more than half of the affected individuals. All patients had areflexia. Fifteen of the 17 had distal motor weakness as well as mild to moderate sensory impairment. Motor weakness affecting the proximal hip and shoulder girdle muscles was seen in 13 patients. Four patients gave a history of trigeminal neuralgia. Motor nerve conduction velocities were markedly impaired in all the clinically affected members. These studies were normal in the 8 unaffected members. Motor conduction velocities of the proximal segment of the ulnar nerve were slower compared to the distal segment in almost all the affected members. There was no significant correlation between the degree of clinical disability and the extent of impairment in the motor nerve conduction velocities. Sural nerve biopsies were studied. These observations are discussed.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1978

Combination chemotherapy and radiation therapy of undifferentiated small cell bronchogenic carcinoma.

We reviewed 76 cases of small cell bronchogenic carcinoma seen at the University of South Florida Medical Center. One third of the 55 patients who have subsequently died did so within one month of diagnosis. Thirty-five patients were treated with cyclophosphamide, adriamycin, vincristine, and radiation therapy including prophylactic cranial irradiation. Of these 35 patients, 40% demonstrated a complete remission for a total objective response rate of 63%. The projected median survival of patients referred for study is 14 months. Improved survival was found in patients less than 60 years of age, with limited disease, who responded to treatment and in whom there were no violations of protocol. Patients treated with combination therapy appear to survive longer than untreated patients and those treated with radiation therapy alone. Toxicity was tolerable and there were no deaths related to treatment. Small cell bronchogenic carcinoma is a rapidly progressive systemic disease responsive to multimodality therapy with long-term survival in some patients.

Adult↗
PubMed1976

Breeding and reproduction of fifteen wild rodents maintained as laboratory colonies.

Data on reproduction and production were presented for laboratory colonies of Microtus pennsylvanicus tananaensis, M oeconomus macfarlani, M o operarius, M mirurus, M abbreviatus, Lemmus lemmus, L sibiricus trimucronatus, Dicrostonyx stevensoni, Clethrionomys rutilus, Peromyscus maniculatus borealis, P m bairdii, Baiomys taylori, Calomys ducilla, C callosus, Acomys cahirinus. Litter size varied from 2.0 in A cahirinus to 5.5 in C callosus. Infant (neonatal) and juvenile losses through the end of the first month ranged from 9% in C callosus to 45% in M o operarius. Young successfully weaned per female ranged from 3.4 in L sibericus to 15.2 in P m bairdii. The number of young weaned per female per month, which may be the most useful measure of production, ranged from 0.6 in A cahirinus to 2.6 in C ducilla. The most common 21-da interval between litters confirms postpartum estrus and mating, and a 21-da gestation in most cricetids.

Animals↗
PubMed1975

Bartter syndrome. Typical facies and normal plasma volume.

Two girls with hypokalemic and hypochloremic metabolic alkalosis and failure to thrive were found to have Bartter syndrome at ages 9 and 6 months. Both had normal blood pressures despite substantial elevation of plasma renin activity and evidence of secondary hyperaldosteronism. A similarity in facial features, including prominent forhead, a large head, triangular facies with drooping mouth, and large eyes and pinnae, was noted in these two infants and in published pictures of other infants with the syndrome. Although the normotension associated with substanital elevation of plasma renin activity and hyperaldosteronism in Bartter syndrome has been considered the effect of hypovolemia, a normal or slightly elevated plasma volume was found in these infants, suggesting that in certain cases an alternate mechanism for the depressed response to renin may be present.

Bartter Syndrome↗