Biomedical subjects
Publications and source records attributed to D R Arora.
A total of 274 samples were collected--180 sputum samples, 82 bronchial secretions and 12 pleural aspirates. Main fungus was Candida albicans from sputum (45.5 percent), from bronchial secretions (14.6 percent). Rest were Aspergillus, Alternaria and Helminthosporium. All the pleural aspirates were negative for fungus.
Estimation of T and B lymphocytes was done in 50 patients of enteric fever, 50 duration matched non enteric fever patients and 50 normal healthy individuals. The difference in both early and late rosette forming T lymphocytes was found to be statistically significant in enteric versus non-enteric patients. Significant difference was also observed in enteric versus normal individuals in case of late rosette forming T lymphocytes.
Vitiligo and thyroid disease are commonly associated disorders. Twenty-two clinically euthyroid vitiligo patients were studied for functional assessment of thyroid by radioactive iodine uptake assay. Half of them showed abnormal uptake values at 24 hours. Of these patients, 90% had lower values indicating a tendency towards developing hypothyroid state. Subclinical thyroid dysfunction in vitiligo appears to be an adaptive change.
Fine needle aspiration cytology and culture were done on 200 patients with clinical diagnosis of tuberculous lymphadenitis. Cytological changes consistent with tuberculosis were seen in 124 and 100 of these showed growth of Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Atypical mycobacteria were not isolated from any of these patients. Of the 100 culture positives, 75 were found to be positive by auramine-rhodamine and Ziehl-Neelsen staining technique. However, with the latter method the diagnosis was missed on first examination of eight smears. With periodic acid-Schiff staining mycobacteria could be visualised in 71 smears.
Tumour markers viz carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), human chorionic gonadotrophin (HCG) in 30 cases of carcinoma breast and prostatic specific acid phosphatase (PSAP) in 30 cases of carcinoma prostate were studied by peroxidase antiperoxidase technique in paraffin blocks of tissue. Twenty three (76.7%) and 20 (66.7%) cases were positive for CEA and HCG respectively. No correlation was observed between CEA and HCG status, and histological differentiation of the tumours. All the 29 cases (100%) of adenocarcinoma prostate were PSAP positive while a single case, negative for PSAP, was of transitional cell carcinoma.
The incidence of sex chromatin in tumour cell nuclei was estimated in twenty five cases each of carcinoma and fibroadenoma breast using haematoxylin and eosin, thionine, aceto-orcein and Papanicolaou's stains on imprint-smears. The sex chromatin incidence in fibroadenoma was found similar to that of normal breast tissue but the incidence markedly decreased in carcinoma breast. Undifferentiated tumours with histologic grade III, nuclear grade I, no lymphocytic infiltrate and involvement of overlying skin, nipple and areola were more often associated with low sex chromatin incidence. No relationship was observed between sex chromatin incidence and tumour size or axillary lymph node metastasis.
Resistogram typing was established with the help of 30 randomly chosen clinical isolates of K. pneumoniae using sodium arsenate, malachite green, boric acid, potassium tellurite, mercuric chloride, antimony potassium tartarate and sodium arsenite. The resistance to these chemicals was designated as A, B, C, D, E, F and G respectively. The technique was then applied to 152 clinical isolates of K. pneumoniae. A total of 35 patterns were obtained. Common patterns were ABEFG and ABFG. There was no clustering of the strains in any of the resistogram patterns as even the commonest pattern had only 10.5 per cent of the strains. When combined with klebocin typing, it provided better discrimination of strains as strains belonging to seven klebocin types could be subdivided into 68 resistogram patterns. The reverse was also possible, i.e., the strains belonging to seven resistogram patterns could be subdivided into 38 klebocin types. The former procedure thus offered better discrimination of the strains.
One hundred and fifty clinical isolates of Klebsiella pneumoniae were studied for beta lactamase production, Klebocin production and resistance to antibiotics and metals. 97.3 and 82.7 per cent strains produced beta-lactamase and klebocin respectively. Resistance to arsenite, antimony, tellurite, mercury and silver was observed in 91,66,6, 47.7, 44.8 and 33.3 per cent respectively and to ampicillin, tetracycline and nalidixic acid in 93.3,60, 41.3, 34.4, 28.2, and 1.3 per cent respectively. Forty eight antibiotic and metal resistant strains were then conjugated with Escherichia coli 711 F-Lac-Nxr. Transferable drug resistance, metal ion resistance, beta lactamase production, klebocin production and lactose fermentation was seen in 30, 21, 10, 11 and 5 isolates respectively.
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