A tail artery technic for collecting one-half milliliter of blood from a mouse.
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Animals↗
Biomedical subjects
D R Cunningham
Publications and source records attributed to D R Cunningham.
Susceptance and conductance changes in acoustic reflexometry.
Acoustic reflexometry was performed on 30 otologically and audiologically normal subjects. An otoadmittance meter was used as the reflex indicator. The magnitude and direction of susceptance and conductance changes were recorded for the acoustic reflex at 220- and 660-Hz probe (carrier) tones. Susceptance and conductance changed in a negative direction (decreased) in 100% of the reflex responses when the probe tone was 220 Hz. With 660-Hz probe tones, susceptance changed positively (increased) and conductance negatively in about 90% of all the reflexes. There was an inverse relationship between probe frequency and magnitude of admittance change during reflex. A direct relationship was found for the amount of input admittance phase shift and probe frequency.
Adult↗
The use of visual stimuli during auditory assessment.
Two groups of male subjects beyond 50 years of age were given audiometric tasks with and without visual stimulation to determine if visual stimuli changed auditory perception. The first group consisted of 10 subjects with normal auditory acuity; the second, 10 with sensorineural hearing losses greater than 30 decibels. The rate of presentation of the visual stimuli, consisting of photographic slides of various subjects, was determined in experiment I of the study. The subjects, while viewing the slides at their own rate, took an audiotry speech discrimination test. Advisedly they changed the slides at a speed which they felt facilitated attention while performing the auditory task. The mean rate of slide-changing behavior was used as the "optimum" visual stimulation rate in experiment II, which was designed to explore the interaction of the bisensory presentation of stimuli. Bekesy tracings and Rush Hughes recordings were administered without and with visual stimuli, the latter presented at the mean rate of slide changes found in experiment I. Analysis of data indicated that (1) no statistically significant difference exists between visual and nonvisual conditions during speech discrimination and Bekesy testing; and (2) subjects did not believe that visual stimuli as presented in this study helped them to listen more effectively. The experimenter concluded that the various auditory stimuli encountered in the auditory test situation may actually be a deterrent to boredom because of the variety of tasks required in a testing situation.
Aged↗
Users' satisfaction with hearing aids.
Seventy-one hearing aid users were surveyed two years after their initial fitting to determine whether they (1) wore the hearing aid(s) prescribed, (2) were satisfied with their aid(s), (3) had specific complaints about their aid(s), and (4) would recommend that a hearing-impaired friend or relative go through the same hearing aid selection process. Ninety-six percent of the respondents obtained that aid that we recommended. Eighty-eight percent were "very satisfied" or "satisfied" with the help that their aid(s) provided. Eighty-two percent would recommend that a hearing-impaired friend or relative go directly to a "hearing specialist" for assistance when selecting a hearing aid.
Consumer Behavior↗
Admittance values associated with the acoustic reflex and reflex decay.
Acoustic stapedial reflexes were elicited from 10 normal S's in each of three age groups. Susceptance and conductance values were measured for each subject in both the unreflexed and reflexed states and at 10-sec intervals during a continuous, reflex-sustaining stimulation with pure tones. Percentage of reflex decay over time was noted for each group and as a function of stimulus frequency and measurement mode. No significant age group differences were noted. Significant stimulus frequency and measurement mode differences were presented to represent "normal" reflex decay.
Adult↗