PubMed Health⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

D R Derbyshire

Publications and source records attributed to D R Derbyshire.

16 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2001

More hidden leaks.

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Anesthesia, Inhalation↗
PubMed1987

Effect of topical lignocaine on the sympathoadrenal responses to tracheal intubation.

The catecholamine and cardiovascular responses to laryngoscopy and tracheal intubation have been studied in 30 patients undergoing elective gynaecological surgery, allocated randomly to one of three groups: group 1 received 4% lignocaine 160 mg using a Forrester Spray; group 2 received 4% lignocaine 160 mg by "Laryng-o-jet"; group 3 received an equal volume of saline administered by Forrester Spray. In all three groups, there were similar and statistically significant increases in mean arterial pressure and plasma adrenaline and noradrenaline concentrations 1 min after intubation, with diminution of these responses by 5 min after intubation. There were no differences between the three groups at any stage, which suggests that topical anaesthesia of the mucosa of the upper airway, as performed conventionally, is ineffective as a means of ameliorating the pressor and catecholamine responses to routine laryngoscopy and intubation.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Comparison of the Leicester Micropalliator and the Cardiff Palliator in the relief of postoperative pain.

Two devices for providing patient-controlled, on-demand analgesia were compared for 24 h after abdominal surgery. The Leicester Micropalliator delivered a mandatory background infusion of 1 mg h-1 in addition to on demand bolus doses of morphine 2 mg i.v. while the Cardiff Palliator provided only bolus doses of morphine 2 mg i.v. The Leicester Micropalliator provided analgesia superior or equivalent to that of the Cardiff Palliator in patients who had undergone hysterectomy or cholecystectomy, respectively, and there was no increase in side effects. The total doses of morphine administered over 24 h did not differ significantly between the two devices.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Absorption of controlled release morphine sulphate in the immediate postoperative period.

The absorption of morphine sulphate, given orally as a controlled release preparation, was studied in 10 patients who had undergone peripheral vascular surgery with a standard opioid-based general anaesthetic technique. Serum morphine concentrations were measured (high pressure liquid chromatography) every 2 h for the first 16 h after surgery and the results were strongly suggestive of a decrease in the rate of absorption of morphine in this situation.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1985

Measurement of plasma catecholamine concentrations. An assessment of anxiety.

This study was designed to assess the value of measurement of plasma catecholamine concentrations as an objective index of anxiety. A preliminary study was undertaken on 11 healthy volunteers (medically qualified), to determine if venous cannulation per se produced any change in plasma catecholamine concentrations. There were no changes in plasma catecholamine concentrations in the 2 h following insertion of an i.v. cannula, suggesting that venous cannulation did not induce a measurable stress response. A second study was performed on 48 surgical patients who were asked to rate their perceived anxiety on a linear analogue scale immediately before premedication and immediately before induction of anaesthesia. Venous blood was obtained at the same time as these ratings. There were no significant changes in perceived anxiety or plasma noradrenaline concentrations following premedication. However, compared with values before premedication, there was a mean percentage increase in plasma adrenaline concentration of 40% before induction of anaesthesia. A significant correlation was shown between mean percentage change in Linear Analogue Anxiety Score and mean percentage change in plasma adrenaline concentrations (r = 0.32).

Adolescent↗
PubMed1985

Morphine sulphate slow release. Comparison with i.m. morphine for postoperative analgesia.

Eighty patients undergoing abdominal surgery were studied after operation. Morphine was administered regularly every 4 h by either the i.m. (morphine sulphate 10 mg) or the oral route (MST Continus 20 mg) in a double-blind double-dummy trial. Both MST and i.m. morphine provided satisfactory postoperative analgesia, but significantly greater amounts of supplementary i.m. morphine were required in the MST group. More adverse effects were reported by the patients in the i.m. morphine group. The mean serum morphine concentration in 12 patients in the MST group was 1.7 ng ml-1 at 08.00 h and 19.5 ng ml-1 at 16.00 h on the 1st day after operation, suggesting impaired gastric emptying in the early postoperative period. It is therefore recommended that further studies of the bioavailability of MST in the early postoperative period be undertaken before any recommendations are made regarding its routine use for pain relief at that time.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1985

Comparison of oral slow release morphine (MST) with intramuscular morphine for premedication.

Oral morphine sulphate slow-release (MST) 40 mg and intramuscular morphine sulphate 10 mg, each administered with intramuscular atropine 0.6 mg, were compared in a randomised double-blind trial as premedication agents in 30 patients undergoing abdominal hysterectomy. Both formulations produced sedation but no anxiolysis in the anaesthetic room, as measured by 10 cm, horizontal linear analogue scales. There was no significant difference between the preparations in terms of postoperative pain, recorded either by the linear analogue scales or using a patient questionnaire. The usage of analgesics and anti-emetics postoperatively was comparable in both groups.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1984

Non-parenteral postoperative analgesia. A comparison of sublingual buprenorphine and morphine sulphate (slow release) tablets.

Sixty-nine patients undergoing upper and lower abdominal surgery were studied after operation to compare the analgesic effects of sublingual buprenorphine (0.4 mg) and slow release morphine sulphate tablets (MST, 20 mg) given 6 hourly in a double-blind, double-dummy trial. Both MST and buprenorphine produced satisfactory postoperative analgesia but the linear analogue pain scores were significantly lower on the second post operative day with MST.

Abdomen↗
PubMed1983

Plasma catecholamine responses to tracheal intubation.

Plasma adrenaline and noradrenaline concentrations were measured in 24 patients during the induction of anaesthesia and the subsequent tracheal intubation. The patients received either suxamethonium 1 mg kg-1 or pancuronium 0.1 mg kg-1 to facilitate tracheal intubation. Mean arterial pressure (MAP) increased in both groups following laryngoscopy and tracheal intubation and there were concomitant increases in the plasma catecholamine concentrations, the changes being more marked in the suxamethonium group. There was a significant correlation between MAP and plasma catecholamine concentrations in the suxamethonium group. Measurement of plasma catecholamine concentrations in samples obtained simultaneously from central venous, peripheral venous and arterial sites were in broad agreement; the greatest changes occurred in central venous samples.

Aged↗