PubMed Health⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

D R Falvo

Publications and source records attributed to D R Falvo.

9 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2000

Ethics in rehabilitation education and research.

This article reviews ethical issues that rehabilitation educators may face in meeting their everyday teaching and research responsibilities. Issues presented include dual relationships; selection of students; measurement of student competence; supervision of students; confidentiality concerning student information; faculty competence; multicultural issues; and the design, conduction, and publication of research. Applicable ethical codes are described, and appropriate actions are suggested.

Codes of Ethics↗
PubMed1995

Educational evaluation: what are the outcomes?

The complexity of treatment of end-stage renal disease (ESRD) necessitates in-depth patient education to enable patients to manage their condition when not under the direct supervision of medical personnel. Patient education is only as effective as the extent to which it produces measurable outcomes. Short-term outcomes such as knowledge gains may be a first step in evaluating the effectiveness of patient education; however, transfer of knowledge is often not sufficient to bring about positive outcomes. Specific technical skills, problem solving or coping skills, or self-efficacy may be the most critical mediators of positive outcomes in patient education interventions for ESRD. Few systematic, methodologically sound studies that look at both short-term and long-term outcomes of patient education have been conducted. The need for continuing research in this area is imperative.

Educational Measurement↗
PubMed1987

Family practice residents' attitudes toward organ donation.

Shortage of organs for transplantation has been attributed in part to negative attitudes of medical personnel. As the demand for organ donations increases, it is likely that family physicians may encounter with increasing frequency situations in which they are in some way involved with the families of potential donors. This study was designed to assess residents' attitudes toward organ donation Overall attitudes were positive, with a mean attitude score of 1.275 (SD 1.415) where 0 = very favorable and 9 = very unfavorable. At the same time, however, concerns regarding premature declaration of death, feelings of the potential donor's family, and cost or benefit of organ donation were identified as well. Nearly one half the residents thought they had little knowledge about organ donation or transplant. Residents' feelings about donating their own organs were most predictive of their opinion of organ donation in general. Only 25 percent of residents had signed an organ donor card and had it witnessed. How much residents knew about organ donation and how they thought their own families felt were the best predictors of whether they had signed the donor form.

Attitude of Health Personnel↗
PubMed1986

Premenstrual symptoms and associated morbidity in a family practice setting.

Women at two family practice clinics were given questionnaires to determine the nature, severity, and treatment of symptoms experienced premenstrually; the degree to which symptoms affected activities of daily living; the relationship of selected variables to women's perception of their symptoms; and the degree of physician involvement in discussion and/or treatment of symptoms. From the study group of 219 women, 76% reported symptoms severe enough to interfere with daily activities every month. The activity most affected by symptoms was relationship with family and friends, while work activities were affected least. Women's perception of the degree to which their mothers' activities had been affected by premenstrual symptoms was significantly related to their own incapacitation by them. Fifty-eight percent of women experiencing symptoms took medication for their symptoms, with over-the-counter medication being the most frequent treatment. Only 14% of the total sample had discussed these symptoms with their physician. Sixty-nine percent of the sample believed they had premenstrual syndrome (PMS). There was a significant relationship between women's belief that they had PMS and the degree of incapacitation experienced from their symptoms.

Activities of Daily Living↗
PubMed1983

Assessing residents' behavioral science skills: patients' views of physician-patient interaction.

Although residents' interactive skills within the physician-patient relationship are important in behavioral science training, these skills are often difficult to define and even more difficult to evaluate. Evaluation of these skills through direct observation by faculty miss the patient's perspective. Scales that have been developed to obtain the patient's perspective have generally been based on the researcher's definition of what is important in the physician-patient interaction, and few of these studies have adequate reliability and validity information. This study was conducted to identify physician behaviors that patients themselves consider to be important in the physician-patient interaction and then to develop a reliable, valid scale to evaluate residents' ability to perform these skills. Several factors were identified as important to patients in the physician-patient interaction, including being informed about their examination, treatment, and diagnosis, being treated by the physician in a respectful manner, and having the physician listen to their concerns and take their individual needs into consideration when prescribing treatment. A reliable and valid questionnaire was developed that can be used to assist faculty in assessing residents' skills in this area from the patient's perspective.

Clinical Competence↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Fee structure as a determinant of patient's choice to undergo mammography.

Mammography, although an effective screening tool, has generally been underutilized. Although many factors may contribute to low utilization rates, the degree to which fee structure influences women's decision to have mammography has not been determined. This study compared women having mammography at the regular fee with those women having mammography at a special reduced rate. The study group consisted of all women having mammography for eight consecutive months at a new mammography screening clinic. The clinic had specifically been established for self-referral. Women from both groups when compared to the general population in the surrounding area tended to be in a higher educational/socioeconomic level. Women in the regular fee group reported physician influence as being most important in their decision to have mammography while women in the reduced fee group reported the reduced fee of mammography itself as the most important factor. Books and magazines were the second most important factor for both the regular and reduced fee group with regard to their decision to have mammography.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Training faculty to evaluate the patient education skills of residents.

Nearly 44% of all outpatient visits result in a prescription for medicine; however, little emphasis is generally placed on training or evaluating residents' ability to teach patients about medication. Often faculty themselves have not received training in this subject, nor have they been trained to systematically evaluate patient education skills. As a result, this whole area of communications with patients is commonly overlooked. Even if skills are evaluated, different standards and criteria may be applied resulting in inconsistent feedback to residents' ability to communicate efficiently and effectively with patients about medication prescribed. Faculty participating in the program increased their ability to consistently evaluate resident performance with 80% accuracy. In addition, faculty reported increase in their own ability to communicate more effectively with patients about medication.

Faculty, Medical↗