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D Raichvarg

Publications and source records attributed to D Raichvarg.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1987

[Erythrocyte sedimentation rate and serum immunoglobulins in rheumatic pelvispondylitis].

Blood sedimentation rate and balanced titration of immunoglobulins were studied in 59 patients presenting a ankylosing pelvispondylitis: in 30 of them, these examinations were repeated at an interval of 3-6 months. The sedimentation rate (Sed. rate) and the level of immunoglobulins G and A increased in the course of the disease, but an elective increase of the level of immunoglobulins A was not demonstrated. Neither the Sed. rate, nor the level of IgA are correlated to evolution criteria of the disease; a positive correlation is only found with the platelets number, in a vertical study of 59 patients. Nevertheless, the variations of the immunoglobulins A is positively correlated with alterations of the clinical condition as demonstrated in the longitudinal study carried out in 30 patients. This finding supports physiopathological hypothesis which incriminates microbial intestinal infections at the origin of evolutive bouts of ankylosing pelvispondylitis.

Arthritis, Rheumatoid↗
PubMed1986

Differential measurement of monomeric and polymeric IgA by one-directional immunoelectrodiffusion.

A technique to specifically quantify monomeric IgA and total IgA in colostrum has been developed using a modified one-dimensional immunoelectrophoretic assay. This method employed electrophoresis in antibody-containing polyacrylamide-agarose gel in the presence of a gel barrier which blocks polymeric IgA. The addition of PEG (polyethylene-glycol 6000) to the anodic gel increased the sharpness of the peaks, the height of which was proportional to the antigen concentration. This method proved to be sufficiently simple, precise, reproducible (CV less than 3%) and linear (from 20-300 mg/l) to measure the monomeric IgA: total IgA ratio rapidly (14 +/- 4.5% for 20 samples in duplicate). Immunoelectrodiffusion studies confirmed that human colostral and serum IgA standards could be used to determine directly monomeric IgA, total IgA and polymeric IgA levels (by difference) rather than to apply correction factors to estimate these IgA levels.

Biopolymers↗
PubMed1985

Changes in human high density lipoproteins in patients with extra-hepatic biliary obstruction.

Plasma high density lipoproteins (HDL) from patients with obstruction of the common bile duct were studied by crossed immunoelectrophoresis and isoelectric focusing. All cholestatic HDL fractions were rich in phospholipids (51.5 +/- 9%) with high proportions of free cholesterol (13.8 +/- 1.5%). Moreover, crossed immunoelectrophoresis of sera against anti-Apo A revealed the presence of multiple immunoprecipitates sharply contrasting with the pattern formed by normal sera. Tandem crossed immunoelectrophoresis against anti-Apo A and anti-Apo B was performed with whole serum and with the HDL fraction from various cholestatic subjects. Crossed identity was observed for two of these precipitates, which could be explained by the decrease in HDL stability due to the detergent effect of bile salts. The most noteworthy changes found in cholestatic patients appeared to be the apolipoprotein pattern of HDL. Both Apo AI (48%) and Apo AII (5.5%) were greatly diminished and Apo E was present in remarkably high amounts (39%) with two additional isoforms (Apo E'1 and Apo E'2).

Apolipoproteins A↗
PubMed1985

Free fatty acid microdetermination by gas-liquid chromatography without transmethylating effects of methylation procedure.

A fast and practicable gas-liquid chromatographic method for the quantitation of non-esterified fatty acids (C14:0-C18:2) from 100 microliter plasma is described. This technique includes extraction, purification using the solvents n-heptane and 0.5 M Na2CO3, and methylation by 0.1 M HCl-methanol. Extraction, quantification and optimal methylation conditions without transmethylation have been investigated. Reproducibility is good and results agree with values found in the literature.

Chromatography, Gas↗
PubMed1984

Manganese-containing superoxide-dismutase deficiency in polymorphonuclear leukocytes of adults with rheumatoid arthritis.

Superoxide dismutase (SOD) is known to regulate the level of superoxide radicals inside cells. The purpose of this work was to investigate the role of SOD activity in tissue damage produced by superoxide radicals. SOD was measured in polymorphonuclear cells of patients with rheumatoid arthritis and controls. The distinct SOD activities, including manganese-containing and copper-zinc-containing enzymes, were evaluated in cytoplasma and mitochondria of human granulocytes. Except for the comparison between total SOD and cytoplasmic copper-zinc SOD, no correlation was found among the different SOD levels. Moreover, a significant decrease was observed only for cytoplasmic manganese-containing enzyme in granulocytes of adults with rheumatoid arthritis. These data confirm the necessity of evaluation of various SOD classes and suggest the interest of biochemical tests in granulocytes for early diagnosis and better comprehension of tissue damage due to inflammation.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

[Algodystrophy and metabolic abnormalities].

The French Society of Rheumatology national study of reflex dystrophy revealed a serum glucose greater than 1.20 g/l in 9.09 p. cent of cases, a serum uric acid greater than 70 mg/l in 25 p. cent of men and greater than 60 mg/l in 14 p. cent of women. Serum cholesterol was normal in males, but higher than the mean + 2 sigma in 23 p. cent of females. Serum triglycerides were higher than m + 2 sigma in 55 p. cent of men and 56 p. cent of women. From a group of 80 patients, 54 (67.5 p. cent) had at least one of the three metabolic abnormalities and 49 (61.25 p. cent) were hypertriglyceridaemic. This hypertriglyceridaemia is the most frequent abnormality found. When hyperglycaemia or hyperuricaemia are present it is almost always in association with hypertriglyceridaemia. Hypertriglyceridaemia is more common in algoneurodystrophy of the lower limbs (54/78, 69 p. cent) than in algoneurodystrophy of the upper limbs (5/22, 22.7 p. cent). Algoneurodystrophy is more often primary, when it occurs in the lower limbs and post-traumatic when it occurs in the upper limbs. A prospective study comparing several parameters of lipid metabolism in 24 patients with algoneurodystrophy and 15 matched controls showed a significant drop in the HDL Chol/HDL P1 ratio and in the DHL - HDL Chol/TG ratio in patients with algoneurodystrophy. Serum insulin was comparable in the 2 groups. Lecithin cholesterol acyl transferase (LCAT), SGOT, SGPT and GGT were normal. The essential role of hypertriglyceridaemia in the genesis of the characteristic bony lesions of algoneurodystrophy is discussed.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1983

[Role of membrane sialic acid of human granulocytes in the stimulation of NADPH,H+ oxidase activity].

The treatment of human polymorphonuclear cells by neuraminidase "type-X" removes about 15% of cell sialic acid without modifications of NADPH oxidase activity of granulocytes before and after stimulation by opsonized zymosan. A mild periodate treatment oxidizes only the poly-hydroxilic chain of sialic acid with formation of aldehyde groups. This treatment increases cellular NADPH oxidase activity and also largely prevents the stimulation of polymorphonuclear cells by opsonized zymosan.

Cell Membrane↗
PubMed1983

New statistical approach in biochemical method-comparison studies by using Westlake's procedure, and its application to continuous-flow, centrifugal analysis, and multilayer film analysis techniques.

In this paper, we present an application of Westlake's method (Biometrics 32:741, 1976) in method-comparison studies in clinical chemistry. The techniques under study are continuous flow (CF), centrifugal analysis (CA), and multilayer film analysis (the Kodak Ektachem procedure KE). The experimental data are for plasma calcium and serum uric acid. It results from a particular regression procedure proposed by York (Can J Phys 44:1079, 1966) that the usual regression comparison technique (joint testing procedure) is irrelevant because it rejects the identity hypothesis for the three methods, whereas fixing a tolerable upper limit deviation, delta, between two methods would lead to the conclusion that, in 95% of cases, CF and KE results are equivalent for plasma calcium (delta less than or equal to 45 mumol/L) and CF is roughly equivalent to the other two methods for serum uric acid (delta less than or equal to 27 mumol/L).

Autoanalysis↗
PubMed1982

Total automated method for determination of cholesterol concentration in high density lipoprotein by heparin-magnesium-albumin precipitation.

We describe an automated procedure for determination of high-density-lipoprotein cholesterol in serum by use of heparin-MgCl2-albumin reagent. 'AutoAnalyzer' II equipment was used in which high-density lipoprotein was separated from precipitate containing very-low and low-density lipoproteins by filtering on-line across a cellulose acetate membrane. Cholesterol concentration was measured by the enzymic method of Allain. Good correlation was obtained using the automated method compared to the heparin-MgCl2-albumin (r=0.99) or sodium phosphotungstate-MgCl2 procedure (r=0.97). Contamination was minimal with a contamination coefficient lower than 2.5%. The method presented was linear (0 to 2.50 mmol/1) and could be applied to lipemic samples with a coefficient of variation better than 3%. This study showed thus that this new procedure was suitable for routine work with a good rate (60 samples/h) in almost any laboratory.

Autoanalysis↗
PubMed1982

Action of a polysaccharide fraction of Haemophilus influenzae lipopolysaccharide on macrophage: implication of receptor for mannosyl-polysaccharides.

A polysaccharide fraction (PS) was separated by mild hydrolysis from Haemophilus influenzae lipopolysaccharide. This preparation contained glycosyl-galactosyl, rhamnosyl, glucosaminyl and mannosyl residues (molar ratio: 4-1-1-2-2). It was nontoxic and immunogenic and consisted of at least one stable molecular group (fraction A; MW approximately equal to 10(6)) and an association of aggregated units (fraction B;MW approximately equal to 10(4)). This study evaluated the capacity of phagocytosis and quantitative nitroblue-tetrazolium reduction of mouse macrophages in presence of these polysaccharide fractions. After a 24-h incubation period, PS and fraction A, at 1 mg/ml, increased both phagocytosis and reduction potential of mouse peritoneal macrophages by 100%. In contrast, 1-h incubation with PS or fraction A induced a decrease of 50% in phagocytosis but no modification of NBT reduction. An identical incubation with various sugars showed that only mannosyl polymers could significantly decrease this phagocytic process. As in the case of toxic lipopolysaccharides, macrophages responded to a nontoxic preparation obtained from an endotoxin. We confirmed the role of mannosyl residues in recognition of macrophage binding receptors. Moreover, we suggest that this mannose binding ability was dependent on dose, aggregation state and molecular weight of the preparation.U

Animals↗
PubMed1982

In vitro immunological activities of the polysaccharide fraction from Haemophilus influenzae type a endotoxin.

Mild hydrolysis of Haemophilus influenzae type a lipopolysaccharide by ion exchangers in the presence of chloroform, to remove the lipid moiety, yielded a nontoxic and immunogenic polysaccharide fraction. This polysaccharide selectively triggered murine B lymphocytes in vitro: (i) it induced enhancement of thymidine incorporation and stimulated antibody secretion in cultures of normal and nude mouse spleen cells; (ii) it did not stimulate splenic T lymphocytes; (iii) the activation of B lymphocytes was not absolutely dependent on the presence of macrophages. Sepharose 4B gel filtration showed that this polysaccharide consisted at least of two fractions: PS I (molecular weight [MW] 10(6)) and PS II (MW 10(4)). Only PS I was found to act as a polyclonal B cell activator. EDTA treatment dissociated the polysaccharide into PS III (MW 10(6)) and PS IV (MW 10(4)), which was not reassembled after the addition of 0.02 M CaCl2. Both fractions PS III and PS IV were unable to stimulate B lymphocytes. The immunological active fraction of H. influenzae polysaccharide is PS I. This fraction consists of a high-molecular-weight group (10(6)) and an association of 10(4)-MW aggregated units.

B-Lymphocytes↗
PubMed1982

[Serum amylase determination : automated continuous flow method (author's transl)].

A simple automated assay was described for the determination of serum amylase using a chromogenic substrate. The reaction was stopped by filtration across a cellulose nitrate membrane. The analytic parameters of this method were studied. Repeatability, reproducibility and precision were convenient. The calibration curve was linear up to 850 U/I. An excellent correlation was obtained after comparison with the manual method (Phadebas amylase test). The effects of haemolysis and very high ascorbic concentrations of bilirubin, glucose, uric acid and ascorbic acid were negligible on the value measured. The serum turbidity was alone to induce a variation by excess.

Amylases↗
PubMed1982

In vivo and in vitro effect of the Haemophilus influenzae lipopolysaccharide on ciliated respiratory epithelium.

The lipopolysaccharide of Haemophilus influenzae is presumed to have a toxic effect on the tracheal epithelium, and then induce a bronchial obstruction. This activity of LPS was studied in vitro on the ciliary beat using a photo-oscillographic apparatus, and in vivo on the rabbit trachea. Neither modification of ciliary beat frequency, nor epithelial damage in the rabbit trachea was observed after a single administration of LPS. In contrast, histopathologic changes were observed in vivo when the intratracheal administration of H. influenzae LPS was followed 24 h later by an intravenous injection of the same LPS. These experimental models seem thus to implicate a Shwartzman type cellular necrosis in the trachea in vivo in the absence of a direct toxic effect of endotoxin itself on trachea in vivo or in vitro.

Animals↗
PubMed1982

[Algodystrophy and metabolic anomalies].

The French Society of Rheumatology national study of reflex dystrophy revealed a serum glucose greater than 1.20 g/l in 9.09 p. cent of case, a serum uric acid greater than 70 mg/l in 25 p. cent of men and greater than 60 mg/l in 14 p. cent of women. Serum cholesterol was normal in male cases, but higher than the mean + 2 sigma in 23 p. cent of female cases. Serum triglycerides was higher than m + 2 sigma in 55 p. cent of men and 56 p. cent of women. From a group of 80 patients, 54 (67.5 p. cent) had at least one of the three metabolic abnormalities and 49 (61.25 p. cent) were hypertriglyceridaemic. This hypertriglyceridaemia is the most frequent abnormality found. When hyperglycaemia or hyperuricaemia are present it is almost always in association with hypertriglyceridaemia. Hypertriglyceridaemia is more common in algoneurodystrophy of the lower limbs (54/78, 69 p. cent) than in algoneurodystrophy of the upper limbs (5/22, 22.7 p. cent). Algoneurodystrophy is more often primary, when it occurs in the lower limbs and post-traumatic when it occurs in the upper limbs. A prospective study comparing several parameters of lipid metabolism between 24 patients with algoneurodystrophy and 15 matched controls showed a significant drop in the HDL Chol/HDL P1 ratio and in the DHL--HDL Chol/TG ratio in patients with algoneurodystrophy. Serum insulin was comparable in the 2 groups. Lecithin cholesterol acyl transferase (LCAT), SGOT, SGPT and GGT were normal. The essential role of hypertriglyceridaemia in the genesis of the characteristic bony lesions of algoneurodystrophy is discussed.

Adult↗