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Biomedical subjects

D Regent

Publications and source records attributed to D Regent.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2006

[Pulmonary artery sarcoma during postpartum: CT findings].

We report the case of a 28 year-old female, who gave birth seven weeks previously, presenting with a pulmonary artery leiomyosarcoma discovered on a thoracic CT performed for clinical suspicion of pulmonary embolism. This case presents two major points of interest: on the first hand, it is a particular context (young post-partum patient), with classic symptoms of routine pulmonary embolism. On the other hand, the exam clearly demonstrates tumor enhancement, which is characteristic but rarely described.

Adult↗
PubMed2005

[Contribution of EKG-gated multislice CT in the diagnosis of arrhythmogenic right ventricle dysplasia: report of two selected cases].

Arrhythmogenic cardiomyopathy of the right ventricle is characterized by replacement of right myocardial cells by fibro-fatty tissue and arrhythmias. The authors present two cases where EKG gated multislice CT was valuable. In one case, comprehensive evaluation of extensive ventricular dysplasia complicated by intraventricular thrombus was achieved whereas accurate evaluation of the ventricular wall process was possible in another case.

Adult↗
PubMed2005

Temporary intestinal occlusion induced by a "patency capsule" in a patient with Crohn's disease.

A 26-year-old woman was admitted for the investigation of abdominal symptoms related to ileal Crohn's disease. The patient had been diagnosed 3 years previously with systemic sclerosis, and had been experiencing digestive complaints for 6 months. A first computed tomography (CT) scan showed ileal intestinal mucosal alterations, associated with a sclerolipomatosis and suspicion of ileal stenosis. An ileocolonoscopy was then performed and showed ulcers in the terminal ileum with nonspecific inflammatory changes found on biopsies, both suggesting the diagnosis of Crohn's disease. The patient was admitted for M2A capsule endoscopy, in order to clarify the respective roles of systemic sclerosis and Crohn's disease with regard to the symptoms and secondarily to determine the anatomical extent of the Crohn's lesions. A patency capsule was administered, for detection of intestinal stenosis before capsule endoscopy was done. At 30 hours after capsule ingestion, the patient complained of abdominal pain and nausea and experienced intestinal obstruction due to the blockage of the patency capsule in the ileal stenosis. The capsule dissolved after 76 hours and the patient then improved. After a few days, the patient underwent ileocecal resection. Pathological examination of the surgical specimen confirmed the presence of an ileal stenosis 17 cm in length. In some circumstances a patency capsule may dissolve slowly, leading to transitory intestinal obstruction requiring medical intervention. It should thus be used cautiously under clinical surveillance in patients with Crohn's disease.

Adult↗
PubMed2000

[Evaluation of a new sequence of magnetic resonance cholangio-pancreatography in thick cut and one shot acquisition].

OBJECTIVES: To assess the accuracy and reproducibility of a new magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography sequence (MRCP), using long echo time and "single shot" acquisition (providing high-contrast thick slices: 20 mm or more), in the morphological analysis of the biliary tree and pancreatic ducts. METHODS: Fifty four patients with biliary and/or pancreatic disease were investigated with MRCP "single shot" thick slices. Biliary ducts were explored with MRCP "single shot", coronal and oblique coronal 20 mm thick slices on a 256 x 256 matrix. Natives pictures were reviewed by three independent radiologists, from three different institutions. MRCP results were compared with reference examinations in 54 cases (direct biligraphy methods: 54, CT scan: 11, endoscopic ultrasonography: 6, surgery: 6). RESULTS: For detection of bile duct dilatation, the agreement of MRCP "single shot" thick slices was more than 96% (Kappa > 0.92) and the inter-observer agreement was excellent (Kappa=0.92). For detection of biliary tree and/or pancreatic duct obstruction, MRCP "single shot" thick slice sensitivity was above 89% and specificity was 75%. The malignant nature of the lesions was determined with a sensitivity of 100% and a specificity of 92%. MRCP "single shot" thick slices could not differentiate pancreatic carcinomas from distal main bile duct cholangiocarcinomas. MRCP "single shot" thick slices did not detect small stones ( 3 mm) of the common bile duct. CONCLUSION: The excellent sensitivity, specificity and inter-observer agreement of MRCP "single shot" thick slices can be used to limit invasive imaging methods in the diagnosis of extrahepatic cholestasis.

Adult↗
PubMed1998

Assessment of the superior labrum of the shoulder joint with CT-arthrography and MR-arthrography: correlation with anatomical dissection.

The ability to detect and categorize SLAP (Superior Labrum Anterior to Posterior) lesions of the scapular labrum is of practical importance to the orthopedic surgeon and the radiologist. The aim of this study, performed on cadaveric shoulders, was to determine whether CT arthrography or MR arthrography is able to show normal anatomical variation of the glenoid labrum and detect labral abnormalities. CT arthrography, MR arthrography followed by anatomical dissection were performed on twenty three fresh frozen cadaveric shoulders and analysed by a radiologist and two orthopaedic surgeons. As Gadolinium intra-articular injection is not allowed in France, we used an iodinated contrast media for both MR arthrography and CT arthrography. In this study, the sensitivity of MR arthrography seemed higher than CT arthrography (respectively 4 and 3 labral lesions diagnosed out of five), although no significant statistical conclusions can be made due to the small number of cases. In conclusion, under such specific conditions, MR arthrography seems to be the method of choice for the detection and classification of labral lesions.

Aged↗
PubMed1998

[Evaluation of spiral computed tomography in the demonstration of kidney stones. Ex vivo study].

OBJECTIVES: The objective of this study was to determine, ex vivo, the limitations of spiral computed tomography (CT) in the detection of renal stones. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Twelve fragments of calcium oxalate stones, 1 to 10 millimetres in diameter, were introduced into 3 porcine kidneys. Spiral CT was then performed on these kidneys. RESULTS: All stones, regardless of their dimensions, were detected with a sensitivity and specificity of 100%. Measurement of these stones on spiral CT showed a magnification factor and a distortion phenomenon which varied according to the table speed and collimation. CONCLUSION: In this study, spiral CT demonstrated excellent performances in the detection of renal stones, even for the smallest stones, measuring 1 mm in diameter.

Algorithms↗
PubMed1997

Three-dimensional CT-scan reconstruction of renal calculi. A new tool for mapping-out staghorn calculi and follow-up of radiolucent stones.

OBJECTIVES: The development of CT scanners (CT scan) with continuous rapid spiral acquisition now allows three-dimensional reconstructions of mobile organs such as kidneys. The aim of this study was to appreciate the merits of this new technique in the field of renal lithiasis. METHOD: This non-invasive technique was applied in 27 renal calculi (23 staghorn and 4 radiolucent stones). The acquisition does not require any injection of contrast material. Reconstruction was carried out by three-dimensional (3D) shaded surface display. RESULTS: 3D reconstruction of calculi permits a precise study of the shape of the stone, and of the number, size and direction of its branches. Therefore, it allows for better planning of the PCNL (number of ports, per-operative pelvi-caliceal exploration ...). Large radiolucent calculi are clearly defined with 3DS, facilitating the follow-up under medical treatment. CONCLUSION: 3D CT scan reconstruction is a noninvasive, cost-effective method which offers high quality 3D images of renal calculi. These results should spur the more widespread use of this technique.

Cost-Benefit Analysis↗
PubMed1995

[New imaging techniques in pulmonary embolism].

Acute pulmonary embolism is a medical emergency and diagnostic certitude must be obtained as early as possible. In clinically serious situations, spiral CT is a reliable diagnostic tool. It provides direct signs of embolism with visualisation of thrombi in the pulmonary arteries as far as the segmental branches and its diagnostic value does not change in cases of pulmonary parenchymal involvement. In emergencies, spiral CT should replace pulmonary angiography, which is more costly and associated with greater morbidity and mortality. Other methods, in particular MRI, which is totally innocuous, could play an important role in the diagnostic strategy of acute pulmonary embolism in the near future.

Diagnostic Imaging↗
PubMed1994

[Value of three-dimensional surface reconstruction scanning in urology. Preliminary results].

The development of helicoidal CT acquisition allows 3D reconstruction of vessels, cavities or parenchyma of mobile organs such as the kidney. The value of this 3D surface reconstruction was investigated in various areas of urology: congenital malformations (horseshoe kidney, megaureter, ectopic organs), acquired malformations (diverticulum, trabeculated bladder), renal stones, particularly staghorn calculi, and renal transplantation. The fields of interest of 3D CT scans are still poorly defined, but are probably threefold: diagnostic, therapeutic and for teaching purposes. 3D representation completes classical axial scans and, in some cases, competes with other more invasive imaging techniques.

Female↗
PubMed1994

[Pneumatosis cystoides of the colon: knowing how to recognize it. Apropos of 8 cases].

Eight cases of pneumatosis cystoides intestinalis (PCI) affecting the descending colon at first misdiagnosed in seven of them, are reported. The mechanism of cyst formation remains unclear but certain specific endoscopic and X-ray findings should help in differentiating PCI from other intramural tumors, i.e. polyposis. Diagnostic investigations and management approaches are described. No treatment is necessary in most instances because of the benign nature of PCI.

Adenomatous Polyps↗
PubMed1994

[Splenic arteriovenous fistula. Apropos of 2 cases and review of the literature].

Two cases of splenic arteriovenous fistula (SAVF) are reported and the literature pertaining to this disease is discussed. SAVF is a rare but curable cause of portal hypertension. Until recently, diagnosis was based and angiographic findings. However, it can now be reached with duplex-Doppler sonography, CT or MRI. Duplex-Doppler sonography highlights an enlarged splenic vein with a turbulent flow. CT scan detects the arterial aneurysms and shows the early opacification of the enlarged splenic vein. MRI depicts all the morphological abnormalities and flow-void due to time-of-flight losses may indicate the location of the fistula. Intra-arterial obliteration of the fistula is a good alternative to surgical procedure for treating SAVF in avoiding the potentially serious threat of gastrointestinal hemorrhage.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

[Diagnosis and percutaneous treatment of urinary collections and obstructions].

The collections encountered around the renal transplant are mainly lymphoceles, more rarely hematomas, abscesses and urinomas, the frequency of which constituting 12% of cases. Their diagnosis is usually made by sonography; the percutaneous puncture is guided by US or CT in order to define its nature and drain the cavity. Urinary obstruction (6% of the cases) may be detected by sonography or scintigraphy, but percutaneous pyelography is often required to confirm the obstruction, to precise its level and nature, and to guide the percutaneous procedure. In the case of urinoma (3% of the cases), ultrasound may be unclear and the urinary extravasation must be then confirmed by scintigraphy, postinjection delayed plain or CT scan films.

Abscess↗
PubMed1993

Direct coronal view of the shoulder with arthrographic CT.

Direct coronal oblique views of the shoulder were obtained with arthrographic computed tomography (CT) in 35 shoulders with surgical correlation. There were 18 complete cuff tears, four partial ones, two type 3 superior labral, anterior, and posterior (SLAP) lesions, and one type 4 SLAP lesion. The coronal sections were obtained after double-contrast shoulder arthrography and axial CT sections had already been obtained. The patient was seated directly on the slope of the gantry, and the shoulder to be studied was positioned in the center of the gantry. The maximal time needed for this procedure was 5 minutes. Rotator cuff tears were detected with a sensitivity of 95% and a specificity of 100%. The size of the tears as determined on the coronal sections was strongly correlated with surgical measurement (r = .939). All SLAP lesions were detected. The authors' experience shows that obtaining coronal oblique sections is an effective way to improve arthrographic CT.

Adolescent↗