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Biomedical subjects

D Reinhardt

Publications and source records attributed to D Reinhardt.

218 records · Page 13Linked to original sources
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[Primary isolated myeolosarcoma in childhood].

Isolated myelosarcomas are rare first manifestations of acute myeloid leukemia (AML), preceding bone marrow involvement by weeks to months. Seventeen of 654 children observed during the studies AML-BFM 87 and 93 were diagnosed as extramedullar myelosarcomas (2.6%). The predominantly myelomonocytic or monoblastic tumor cells (M4 or M5 according to FAB classification) mainly infiltrated skin (n = 8). Additional tumors were located in mucosa (n = 2), central nervous system (n = 2), orbita (n = 2), bone (n = 1), glandulae parotis (n = 1) and lymph nodes. Due to the initial mild and variable symptoms in some children the diagnostic measurements were delayed and treatment was inadequate. This might be responsible for the high rate of relapse (79%) and the poor outcome. Ten of 17 patients died from disease (estimated survival 0.27 +/- 0.13 compared to AML-BFM 87/93 0.51 +/- 0.03). Suspect skin lesions or tumors should be considered as isolated myelosarcoma of a primary manifestation of AML. An intensive AML-specific chemotherapy is recommended.

Child↗
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Aerosol bolus dispersion in the respiratory tract of children.

To investigate mechanisms of intrapulmonary convective gas transport, aerosol bolus dispersion was measured in 16 healthy children aged 7-11 years. Subjects inhaled 50-mL aerosol boluses consisting of 0.4-micron droplets of di(2-ethylhexyl) sebacate suspended in air into volumetric lung depths between 95 and 540 mL. Bolus dispersion was quantified by volumetric bolus half-width and by volumetric standard deviation of particle concentrations. Bolus half-width increased from a mean of 160 mL to 360 mL with increasing lung depth, the regression being a power law with an average exponent of 0.48. Standard deviation increased from 68 to 136 mL with the 0.42th power of volumetric penetration. There was no correlation of bolus dispersion with age, body height, or lung function parameters, except for boluses penetrating very deep into the lung where dispersion was weakly related to lung volume. The results obtained in children did not differ from those found in an adult population in an earlier study. It was concluded that airway size per se does not have a strong influence on bolus dispersion. Rather, parameters of airway geometry may be among the dominating factors influencing the fate of inhaled particles.

Aerosols↗