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D Reinharth

Publications and source records attributed to D Reinharth.

10 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2005

Towards a Mobile Intelligent Information System with Application to HIV/AIDS.

The United Nations Security Council reports HIV/AIDS as the fastest growing threat to human development. In addition, the World Health Organization [1] reports that nearly 5 million persons (4.3 million adults and 700,000 children) are newly infected with HIV each year; more than 95% of them found in developing countries. Since STDs as a group are a personal problem which few people feel comfortable discussing, we believe that hand-held PDAs can provide an opportunity for learning about this disease while insuring anonymity. This device will employ the newest technologies including Bluetooth wireless technology, which can transmit and receive data via a short-range radio link using a globally available frequency band (2.4 GHz ISM band), enabling rapid and accurate synchronous and asynchronous data communication. The first generation of Bluetooth permits exchange of data up to a rate of 1 Mbps, even in areas with much electromagnetic disturbance. This emerging technology can facilitate HIV/AIDS outreach around the globe.Recent advances in learning have taken a particularly cognitive perspective and these findings have implications for education in general as well as for the development of intelligent tutoring systems in particular. In the past, effective SmartBookstrade markhave been developed for AIDS education to disseminate the critical knowledge relevant to this epidemic [2].Since 1993, the proliferation of the World Wide Web has created a plethora of new opportunities for the delivery of electronic distance learning systems. However, we feel that it is important that a whatever technology is employed is based on a sound educational theory. A new, comprehensive, web-based learning system called SmartTutor has been developed, at Brooklyn College of The City University of New York [3]. This technology provides a user-friendly, self-paced, easy to modify, software environment intended to serve the user's learning needs and is based on a generic SmartTutor methodology organized around the use of concept mapping. Early assessment of SmartTutor has shown that it is well received by students and helps significantly in their learning processes. It is readily adaptable to the presentation of academic and more general subject matter such as the latest available information on HIV/AIDS. Our new HIV/AIDS SmartTutor will incorporate this SmartTutor paradigm. Our new SmartTutor would provide worldwide access to medical professionals as well as the general public to learn about HIV/AIDS. This new device could also provide a survey tool to facilitate HIV risk assessment. Demonstrations of the SmartTutor learning system will be presented and the continued development of the applications will be discussed.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
PubMed2005

Development of an expert system for classification of medical errors.

The 1999 report published by the Institute of Medicine (IOM) indicated that between 44,000 and 98,000 unnecessary deaths per year occurred in hospitals alone, as a result of errors committed by medical professionals in the United States. There has been considerable speculation that these figures are either overestimated or underestimated. For example, the possibility that they focus on isolated injuries rather than error, or the majority of surveyed respondents did not know what constitutes a (medical) error. These disagreements have led experts to challenge the estimates of patient harm attributable to error, as well as the methodologies used to enumerate them. Of particular concern is the process used in the identification, classification and prevention of medical errors. There have been numerous attempts to develop classifications of medical errors, and currently an abundance of taxonomies exist to describe their mechanism.In previous research, (Kopec, Kabir, Reinharth, Rothschild & Castiglione, 2003) a new taxonomy of Medical Errors was designed by expanding the IOM classification. This model and its extension can be used as a blueprint for future design, development and implementation of an expert system for classification of medical errors. Effective classification can facilitate pattern recognition, and pattern recognition will help in understanding the nature, background and abatement of medical errors. Such a system's goal will be to perform convincingly as an advisory consultant, exhibiting expertise on a par with and beyond human experts in specified domains. Despite substantial disagreement on the validity of the published figures for fatalities in hospitals in the IOM report, what is of importance is that the number of deaths caused by such errors is nonetheless alarming. The identification and classification of errors in medical care delivery is a very complex process, and this process can be facilitated and simplified by the implementation of an effective classification system.

Delivery of Health Care↗
PubMed2004

Development of a clinical pathways analysis system with adaptive Bayesian nets and data mining techniques.

The use and development of software in the medical field offers tremendous opportunities for making health care delivery more efficient, more effective, and less error-prone. We discuss and explore the use of clinical pathways analysis with Adaptive Bayesian Networks and Data Mining Techniques to perform such analyses. The computation of "lift" (a measure of completed pathways improvement potential) leads us to optimism regarding the potential for this approach.

Bayes Theorem↗
PubMed2003

Human errors in medical practice: systematic classification and reduction with automated information systems.

We review the general nature of human error(s) in complex systems and then focus on issues raised by Institute of Medicine report in 1999. From this background we classify and categorize error(s) in medical practice, including medication, procedures, diagnosis, and clerical error(s). We also review the potential role of software and technology applications in reducing the rate and nature of error(s).

Adult↗