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Biomedical subjects

D Ridley

Publications and source records attributed to D Ridley.

10 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2002

First-trimester pregnancy scanning as a screening tool for high-risk and abnormal pregnancies in a district general hospital setting.

This study set out to evaluate the feasibility and acceptability of routine early ultrasound (12-14 weeks) within a district general hospital (DGH) for identifying high-risk and abnormal pregnancies. This was a pilot study for screening by ultrasound examination all women who presented to their community midwife before 12 weeks' gestation. The study involved 991 women who presented clinically pregnant before 12 weeks' gestation between May 1998 and May 1999. Women were offered routinely two ultrasound examinations during their pregnancy, the first at 12-14 weeks' gestation and the second at 20-21 weeks' gestation. The main outcome measures were: range and number of abnormal/high-risk pregnancies identified during an ultrasound scan at 12-14 weeks' gestation; range and number of abnormalities diagnosed during scans at later gestations; outcomes of the pregnancies; questionnaires assessing how the women viewed early pregnancy ultrasound as a method of screening. Nine hundred and eighty-four (99%) women accepted the offer of an early ultrasound scan at 12-14 weeks' gestation; of these 840(85%) women accepted screening for trisomy 21 (T21) by fetal nuchal translucency thickness (NT) and maternal age (fetal medicine foundation risk assessment programme) and this was completed successfully in 797(80%) of cases. Twenty-four women (2%) had a failed pregnancy and where necessary an ERPC was performed following a planned admission. Thirty pregnancies (3%) were diagnosed as abnormal or having high risk of abnormality at the early scan. A major abnormality was confirmed before the expected anomaly scan at 20 weeks in five (17%) pregnancies; all of these patients opted for an elective termination. Twenty-six (3%) pregnancies had a diagnosis of abnormality at their anomaly scan. Of these, three pregnancies were diagnosed as major abnormalities with two resulting in termination of the affected pregnancy before 24 weeks' gestation. Eight hundred and thirty-seven women (85%) completed questionnaires, 833 women (84.5%) were satisfied with the counselling they received before the ultrasound scan and 827 women (84%) answered that they would accept an early pregnancy scan if offered during their next pregnancy. Early pregnancy ultrasound at 12-14 weeks' gestation can be used as an effective method of identifying and screening for major abnormalities of pregnancy within a DGH setting, but it is appropriate to use this in conjunction with an anomaly scan at around 20 weeks' gestation. Women found this method of screening acceptable.

Congenital Abnormalities↗
PubMed1999

Synthesis and evaluation of [123I]labelled analogues of the partial inverse agonist Ro 15-4513 for the study of diazepam-insensitive benzodiazepine receptors.

The imidazobenzodiazepines ethyl 8-iodo-5,6 dihydro-5-methyl-6-oxo-4H-imidazo[1,5a][1,4] benzodiazepine-3-carboxylate 1 and tert-butyl 8-iodo-5,6 dihydro-5-methyl-6-oxo-4H-imidazo [1,5a][1,4] benzodiazepine-3-carboxylate 2 were prepared to study the diazepam-insensitive (DI) benzodiazepine receptor (BZR) subtype. The [123I] analogues were prepared via iododestannylation reactions in radiochemical yields of 70-80% and a specific activity >2,500 Ci/mmol. The tert-butyl analogue [123I]-2 exhibited nanomolar affinity for BZRs in homogenate membranes of rat cerebellum with Kd values for the diazepam-sensitive (DS) and DI receptors of 3.18 +/- 0.58 and 13.55 +/- 2.72 nM, respectively. The Bmax for cerebellar DS and DI receptors were 1,276 +/- 195 and 518 +/- 26 fmol/mg protein, respectively.

Animals↗
PubMed1997

Prevalence of abdominal aortic aneurysms in men with diabetes.

OBJECTIVE: To assess the prevalence of abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) in men with diabetes aged 60 years and over. DESIGN: Prospective screening study. PATIENTS: 303 eligible participants among the first 1000 recruited to a large, community-based study of diabetes. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Aortic diameter > or = 30 mm on screening ultrasonography, or previous surgery for AAA. RESULTS: AAA was diagnosed in three of the 303 men screened, and four others had previously had surgery for AAA. The aorta was not visualised in three obese men. Only one AAA required surgery (> or = 50 mm diameter). The overall prevalence of AAA was 2.3% (7/300), lower than that reported previously in the general population. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed statistically significant associations with fasting triglyceride levels, and a history of intermittent claudication. CONCLUSIONS: Although a small number of men with diabetes aged 60 or more have undiagnosed AAA, the prevalence does not appear to be high enough to warrant targeted ultrasound screening.

Aortic Aneurysm, Abdominal↗
PubMed1996

Fetal telemedicine: six month pilot of real-time ultrasound and video consultation between the Isle of Wight and London.

DESIGN: Prospective audit of first six months. SETTING: Referral from a district general hospital on the Isle of Wight to a comprehensive tertiary referral service, the Centre for Fetal Care at Queen Charlotte's Hospital 120 km away in London. PARTICIPANTS: Women whose pregnancy was suspected, or at risk, of fetal abnormality. INTERVENTIONS: Remote consultation by transmitting ultrasound and video in real-time over ISDN 30 telephone lines. Contemporaneous questionnaire to referring practitioner and patient. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Frequency, indication, technical success and duration of consultation. Qualitative and semi-quantitative image quality. Effect of teleconsultation on need for physical referral. RESULTS: Twenty-nine women underwent 39 teleconsultations, and image quality was sufficient for diagnosis in all but one. Fetal abnormalities were present in 76%. Referral in person was required for only four women, significantly fewer than the 13 the referring hospital indicated would have been physically referred in the absence of this service (P < 0.001). Most mothers were counselled by the specialist "face-to-face' over the link, and 80% felt teleconsultation reduced their anxiety. CONCLUSIONS: A fetal telemedicine service is technically and clinically feasible. This demonstration suggests that such a service reduces the need for physical referral while increasing the rate of consultation, allowing better selection of patients who might benefit from referral. Further evaluation in a variety of clinical settings is now indicated, along with cost-benefit analysis.

England↗
PubMed1996

Dermatological problems in the athlete.

Sports activities expose the skin to a variety of risk factors that can affect an athlete's performance. The sports physical therapist must be able to identify and properly manage dermatological problems encountered by athletes. Common dermatological conditions resulting from mechanical, infectious, environmental, and sexual factors are presented. Discussion of etiology, signs and symptoms, treatment options, and preventative measures are intended to guide the physical therapist in making appropriate decisions regarding skin disorders.

Bandages↗
PubMed1995

Fetal telemedicine: interactive transfer of realtime ultrasound and video via ISDN for remote consultation.

Current referral practice for ultrasonically detected fetal abnormalities contributes to parental anxiety, inconvenience to patients, diagnostic inaccuracy, and general service inefficiency. To determine whether telemedicine would reduce these disadvantages, we established a 30-channel ISDN link between a district general hospital on an island and a subspecialty referral centre approximately 120 km away on mainland Britain. Live ultrasound images of the fetus were transmitted in realtime from a commercial scanner in the hospital using a total data transfer rate of 2 Mbit/s. After decompression at the receiving end, there was almost no perceptible loss of picture quality or frame rate. This report describes the technical aspects of the link and our preliminary experience with it. In the first two months of its operation, the link worked well and the consultants who used it found themselves confidently making diagnoses and carrying out counselling over it. If confirmed, the success of this technology has implications for future referral practice in fetal medicine.

Artifacts↗
PubMed1979

The sports scientist's role in identification of performance criteria for distance runners.

A model has been developed for the identification of long distance running ability within a relatively large group of good runners. A simple multiple regression equation of yards run in 12 minutes and the height of the vertical jump in centimetres against points scored by an individual on International Scoring Tables discriminated elite runners from good runners. A further ranking of ability within such an elite group, once selected, may be made on the basis of the efficiency of their running measured at submaximal running speeds. The relative metabolic cost to each athlete of running at a speed of 15 mph (males) or 12 mph (females) compared to their maximal oxygen uptake is able to differentiate the best of the elite group from the others. Characteristics of elite runners identified in this way may be compared to World Class performers and their ultimate potential assessed.

Adolescent↗