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D Roe

Publications and source records attributed to D Roe.

44 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1987

Tumor stabilization after hyperthermia: an important criterion of response to thermal therapy.

Several investigators have indicated that changes in tumor size may not occur after hyperthermia therapy even with substantial tumor cell kill, because of early edema and subsequent fibrosis of background stroma, suggesting that "tumor stabilization" might be an important benefit of thermal therapy. Recently, 9 institutions completed a national cooperative study of localized hyperthermia for patients with advanced, recurrent, or metastatic solid cancer that evaluated the potential significance of this response variable in a standardized clinical trial. Of 960 evaluable patients who completed at least one course of hyperthermia, thermoradiotherapy, or thermochemotherapy, 85 (9%) had complete responses for 1-34 months, 173 (18%) had partial responses for 1-39 months, 95 (10%) had minimal responses for 1-15 months, and 313 (33%) had disease stabilization for 1-32 months. Of 313 patients who had no change (i.e., +/- 25%) in the size of their tumors after hyperthermia, the response lasted only 1-3 months in 170 (54%) patients, a finding of questionable clinical significance. However, disease stabilization was observed for more than 3 months in 143 (46%), for more than 6 months in 67 (21%), more than 9 months in 33 (10%), and more than 12 months in 16 (5%). Disease stabilization was also associated with improved activity for 1-22 months in 79 (25%) of these patients, and improved pain for 1-22 months in 100 (32%). Disease stabilization appeared to be independent of tumor histology, location, or depth within the body, size, or minimum treatment temperature, but was somewhat more frequent after hyperthermia combination therapy. There is sufficient accumulative data to suggest that tumor stabilization after hyperthermia should not be dismissed as a placebo effect. This response variable well may be a unique and potentially important criterion of response to localized hyperthermia therapy.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Mammographic dual-screen-dual-emulsion-film combination: visibility of simulated microcalcifications and effect on image contrast.

Three test objects simulating different mammographic problems were imaged with a new low-dose dual-screen-dual-emulsion-film combination and a standard screen film combination, with and without a moving grid, at 28 and 32 kVp, and with 0.3- and 0.5-mm focal spots. The new combination reduced exposure by 50%, but it failed to equal the other combination in the depiction of simulated microcalcifications, even when a different brand of film-processing chemicals was used. Compared with the standard screen-film combination exposed without a grid, the new combination exposed with a grid resulted in a superior image of dense parenchyma without an increase in dose. Furthermore, when the exposure time was decreased by 25% (rather than 50%), dense breasts were imaged with greater penetration by the new combination. A clinical trial of the new combination in 200 patients showed prominent quantum mottle and reduced contrast in regions of dense parenchyma. In addition, the skin and subcutaneous tissue were often poorly depicted with both standard and high-intensity illumination.

Breast Neoplasms↗
PubMed1985

Magnetic-induction hyperthermia. Results of a 5-year multi-institutional national cooperative trial in advanced cancer patients.

Nine US institutions performed 14,807 Phase I-II treatments of magnetic-induction (Magnetrode [Henry Medical Electronics, Inc., Los Angeles, CA]) hyperthermia in 1170 adults. All had advanced tumors: 20% had untreated inoperable cancer or disease progression despite surgery (10%), radiation therapy (XRT) (3%), chemotherapy (27%), or combinations (40%); 67% had pain; and 79% had reduced activity. Eighteen percent were advanced primaries, 26% were recurrent, and 56% metastatic tumors in the head and neck (7%), body wall (7%), extremity (4%), abdominal cavity (17%), pelvis (17%), lung (15%), or liver (30%); 36% were less than 5 cm and 64% greater than or equal to 5 cm. Treatments were to safe tolerance for 30 to 60 minutes for five or more treatments. Results in 960 evaluable patients were complete response 9% (1-34 months; median, 7 months), partial response 18% (1-39 months; median, 4 months), minimal response 10% (1-15 months; median, 3 months), and no change 33% (1-32 months; median, 3 months), with decreased pain in 30% and improved activity in 21%, independent of histologic type or site. Regression was dependent on treatment type and minimum temperature: heat only, 23%; heat + XRT, 60%; heat + less-than-standard XRT because of prior XRT failure, 39%, heat + intravenous (IV) chemotherapy, 28%; heat + same previously failed IV chemotherapy, 20%; heat + intraarterial (IA) chemotherapy, 28%; heat + same previously failed IA chemotherapy, 15%; heat + standard XRT + chemotherapy, 58%; heat + less-than-standard XRT + chemotherapy, 47%; less than 40 degrees C, 31%; 40 to 40.9 degrees C, 45%; 41 to 41.9 degrees C, 54%; 42 to 42.9 degrees C, 47%; 43 to 43.9 degrees C, 40%; 44 to 44.9 degrees C, 33%; 45 to 45.9 degrees C, 55%; 46 to 46.9 degrees C, 63%; greater than 47 degrees C, 100%. There were 49 (0.33%) skin burns and 2 systemic injuries (stomach ulcer at 1 month; lung fibrosis at 9 months). This trial indicates that localized hyperthermia has a significant role in palliation of human advanced solid cancer.

Body Temperature↗
PubMed1985

Screening human populations for chromosome aberrations.

In order to determine the usefulness of micronuclear counts (MNC) for identifying people with relatively high frequencies of chromosome aberrations we have examined factors that influence the MNC in a learning set of blood samples obtained from 28 adults. The presence of cells with chromosome aberrations among approximately 170 metaphase cells per sample was the most important factor. Controlling for the effect of chromosome aberrations we found that age had a significant effect on MNC, but that donor sex, the mitotic index, the per cent of metaphase cells in the second or third division or the frequency of abnormal anaphase cells did not. Using logistic regression analysis we found that MNC was an excellent predictor of the presence of cells with chromosome aberrations among both the learning set and a test set of 17 additional blood samples.

Cell Nucleus↗
PubMed1984

Effects of age, sex and diagnostic X-rays on chromosome damage.

The frequency of micronuclei assayed in lymphocytes obtained from 73 young adults increases significantly with the age, but not the sex, of the donor. The dose of medical X-rays absorbed by the lymphocytes in the 2 years before the examination has no significant effect on micronucleus frequency, provided the data are adjusted for age. However, a small significant increase in frequency is associated with X-ray examinations that involve the injection of contrast media into the blood.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

Acetylcholine receptor antibody titer and HLA-B8 antigen in myasthenia gravis.

In 82 white patients with myasthenia gravis, a high serum human acetylcholine receptor (AChR) antibody titer was related to the presence of the HLA-B8 antigen and increasing severity of the disease and not to age at onset, sex, presence of thymoma, or mode of treatment. Among patients without thymomas a high antibody titer was also associated with HLA-B8, particularly in those patients whose age at onset was less than 35 years. Thymectomy was associated with a lower median antibody titer when compared in two groups of HLA-B8-positive patients without thymoma who were similar for all other factors. Patients with thymomas who had received corticosteroids had a lower median titer than those who had not received steroids. This study supports the possibility that immune-response genes near the HLA-B8 segment of the major histocompatibility complex participate in the regulation of the humoral response to autoantigens, such as AChR protein.

Adult↗