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Biomedical subjects

D Russin

Publications and source records attributed to D Russin.

3 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1988

The laser: an alternative for palliative treatment of obstructing intraluminal lesions.

Twenty nine patients with carcinoma obstructing the colon, six obstructing the gastroesophageal junction, six obstructing the tracheobronchial tree, and one patient with recurrent transitional cell cancer of the bladder invading the rectum, not amenable to surgical resection, were treated by laser photocoagulation. Forty were treated with the Nd:YAG laser and two with the CO2 laser. There were 26 men and 16 women with an average age of 73.8 years. The locations of the tumors were 17 rectal, six rectosigmoid, one transverse colon, two descending colon, four ascending colon, six gastroesophageal, and six in the tracheobronchial tree. Symptoms consisted of obstruction and/or bleeding. Seventeen patients were poor surgical candidates, 25 were unresectable due to widespread disease, two had recurrence at the anastomosis, and three patients had another primary site not controlled by their previous surgical procedure. There were seven complications--three perforations, a rectovaginal fistula, two failures in therapy, and lower GI bleeding. Nineteen patients have died of their disease. Tumors were eradicated in two patients. Forty patients had remained free of referring symptoms of obstruction and bleeding.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1987

Laser smoke effect on the bronchial system.

The photoresection of endobronchial tumors produces smoke which is partly inhaled by the patient as well as the surgical staff. In an animal study we investigated whether a single exposure or repetitive exposures to smoke might have harmful side effects on the airways. Eleven sheep were exposed to smoke produced by laser-vaporizing (6,500 J) sections of bronchial tissue (1 cm3) in a Plexiglas chamber. The smoke analysis revealed 0.92 mg/liter particles with a mean particle size of 0.54 micron. Carbon monoxide content was estimated as 0.04%. We measured the effects of one or three separate ten-minute exposures on airway resistance, gas exchange, and mucociliary clearance rate in the trachea. We found that the smoke inhalation resulted in a decrease of arterial PO2 with relatively little change in airway mechanics. Tracheal mucus velocity, a marker of lung mucociliary clearance, was significantly depressed in a dose-dependent manner with increasing smoke exposures. Results of bronchoalveolar lavages performed before and one day after the exposure showed that the smoke inhalation induced a severe inflammation with dramatic increases of inflammatory cells. The total number of cells per milliliter lavage return increased from 3.2 million to 25 million; percent neutrophils increased from 2.3 to 45.6% and percent macrophages decreased from 86 to 41%. These findings indicate that the side effects of smoke inhalation during intrabronchial laser surgery should not be neglected. The impairment of the defense mechanism of the lung combined with the inflammation as well as hypoxia might be fatal in compromised patients. Effective smoke removal devices should be developed to protect the patient as well as the surgeon.

Animals↗