Biomedical subjects

D S Engeler

Publications and source records attributed to D S Engeler.

6 recordsLinked to original sources

PubMed2004

[Adaptive immunotherapy of the advanced prostate cancer - cancer testis antigen (CTA) as possible target antigens].

Prostate cancer (PCa) like other tumors expresses antigens that may serve as target for specific immunotherapy. Special antigen-presenting cells (e. g., dendritic cells) are capable of generating tumor-specific immunity. Cytotoxic T-cells (killer cells) are very effective against antigens and, consequently, against the respective tissue or tumor. Cancer testis antigens (CTA) are expressed in various human cancers but, aside from the testicles, not in normal tissue. Therefore, they are suitable for a specific tumor immunotherapy. We looked at different CTA (LAGE-1, PRAME, MAGE-C2, NY-ESO-1, SSX-2 and PAGE4) and their occurrence in prostatic cancer. Expression of CTA in various PCa cell lines and PCa material from patients was very heterogeneous. Only PAGE4 was expressed in primary PCa and in LnCaP cells as well as in hormone-dependent and hormone-refractory PCa probes. We conclude that PAGE4 should be further evaluated as a potential target for immunotherapy of PCa.

Animals↗

PubMed2003

[Bladder carcinoma--a current review].

Bladder cancer is the sixth most common malignant tumor. The course of the disease depends largely on histological findings. A combination of transurethral resection and intravesical chemotherapy is indicated in superficial tumors and is able to cure most patients with a well differentiated cancer. Contrary to that, muscle-invasive and poorly differentiated tumors take a much less favorable course. They can be offered novel combined therapeutic approaches or/and at least orthotopic continent bladder substitution. It seems possible that the recently observed trend towards improved overall survival may continue. In the future, there should be more emphasis on prevention (elimination of carcinogens and early detection).

Chemotherapy, Adjuvant↗

PubMed2000

Early orchiopexy: prepubertal intratubular germ cell neoplasia and fertility outcome.

OBJECTIVES: To investigate the prepubertal prevalence of intratubular germ cell neoplasia of the unclassified type (ITGCNU) and its significance as a predictor of testicular cancer and to evaluate the effect of early orchiopexy (at younger than 2 years of age) on subsequent fertility of patients with bilateral cryptorchidism. METHODS: Testicular biopsies (n = 660) from 440 prepubertal patients with cryptorchidism who underwent orchiopexy between January 1, 1970 and December 31, 1979 were evaluated for ITGCNU using placental-like alkaline phosphatase (PLAP) antibody. The clinical outcome in 15 patients with PLAP-positive germ cells was evaluated in 1997. In addition, the effect of age at surgery on the fertility of patients with bilateral cryptorchidism was assessed by clinical follow-up until 1997 and was correlated with the histologic data at orchiopexy. RESULTS: PLAP-positive germ cells morphologically identical with adult ITGCNU were found in the biopsies of 22 patients (5%). After more than two decades, none of the 15 patients with successful follow-up developed testicular cancer. The fertility outcome in the patients with bilateral cryptorchidism correlated with the number of spermatogonia at orchiopexy (P = 0.018), but correlated inversely with age at orchiopexy (P = 0.021). CONCLUSIONS: PLAP-positive germ cells in prepubertal testicular biopsy specimens are not necessarily precursors of testicular cancer after orchiopexy. In addition, our data support the idea that early orchiopexy may be beneficial in preventing infertility.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1997

Primary mediastinal germ cell tumor with intratubular germ cell neoplasia of the testis--further support for germ cell origin of these tumors: a case report.

BACKGROUND: The histogenesis of extragonadal germ cell tumors remains an enigma. The majority of patients with retroperitoneal tumors are male, and careful histologic evaluation reveals preinvasive intratubular germ cell neoplasia (ITGCN) or scars in the testis suggesting a so-called "burnt out" germ cell tumor. However, in the testes of patients with primary mediastinal germ cell tumors, no ITGCN has been described in the literature to date. The authors report the first case of simultaneous germ cell neoplasia in the mediastinum and the testis, providing further insights into the biology and origin of these lesions. METHODS: The authors report the pathologic features and cytogenetic findings in an adult male with a mediastinal germ cell tumor and asymmetric testis. This patient died shortly after diagnosis. RESULTS: A locally invasive mediastinal nonseminomatous germ cell tumor was associated with ITGCN in one testis. Metastases were not present clinically or on autopsy during a detailed and systematic examination of retroperitoneal lymph nodes and other viscera. Neither an invasive germ cell tumor nor a scar was found in either testis (both testes were serially sectioned and entirely examined histologically). CONCLUSIONS: The findings of this study suggest that the mediastinal tumor is a primary neoplasm with concomitant in situ lesion in one testis, suggesting a more generalized defect of germ cell and thus providing new information about the unresolved issue of the histogenesis of extragonadal germ cell tumors. This article presents a review of the literature concerning the issues highlighted by this case and discusses the hypotheses regarding the development of extragonadal germ cell tumors.

Adult↗

PubMed1996

[Pathologic-anatomic examination of prostatovesiculectomy samples in prostate carcinoma].

The incidence of the prostatic carcinoma as well as the cases treatable by radical prostatovesiculectomy with curative intention is increasing. The exact pathological examination of the specimens defines the stage of disease and subsequently the prognosis and therapeutic consequences. The compatibility of different scientific studies is made difficult by the lack of a standard in the pathological examination of the specimens. Our exactly defined rational method helps eliminate these troubles and ameliorate the interdisciplinary dialogue.

Cystectomy↗

PubMed1996

[Unusual crystalline inclusions in plasmacytoma cells of the testis in primary medullary plasmacytoma].

At the autopsy of a 68 year old man with plasmacytoma of the lambda light chain type we found polygonal interstitial cells with unusual crystalline inclusions, which were not readily identifiable and slightly resembled Leydig cells in conventional microscopy. In electron microscopy these could be identified as plasmacytoma cells, representing a testicular involvement. Comparable cells could be shown in the bone marrow. In immunochemistry we found a polyclonal reaction for lambda light chains suggesting a similar phenomenon as the so-called Russell bodies. As far as we know the literature, this finding in a testicular metastasis has not been described.

Aged↗