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Biomedical subjects

D S Murray

Publications and source records attributed to D S Murray.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2002

Streptococcal myositis: a lesson.

Streptococcal myositis is a rare, often fatal, acute infection of the muscle, caused by an invasive group A beta-haemolytic streptococcus. It is characterised by muscle necrosis without abscess formation, and, in contrast to necrotising fasciitis, does not primarily affect the subcutaneous tissue or skin. A young adult male presented with streptococcal myositis initially affecting the rectus femoris muscle of his left thigh. The symptoms, signs and management are discussed. Particular emphasis is given to the benefits of emergency CT scans to diagnose and delineate the extent of the disease. These scans may need to be repeated if the disease progresses. The four cornerstones of management are: early diagnosis using emergency CT scans; high-dose intravenous antibiotics; early aggressive surgical debridement; and intensive fluid and nutritional support. Published by Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.

Adult↗
PubMed1997

Postoperative infection following clean facial surgery.

Postoperative facial wound infection and breakdown adds to patient morbidity and compromises the cosmetic outcome. This prospective study of 351 patients with a total of 464 wounds for clean elective facial surgery assessed three significant risk factors for wound infection: operative site, oncological surgery, and complex surgery. The findings demonstrated a significantly higher infection rate for the nasal and auricular zones compared with the rest of the face. Wound infection rates were 6.5% for the nasal area, 5% for the auricular area, and 1.5% for the rest of the face. The higher risk of infection to these zones was found to be independent of the lesion excised (benign vs. malignant) and the complexity of the surgery performed. Oncological surgery (skin cancer) and complex surgery (skin grafts and local flaps) were found to increase the risk of postoperative infection significantly by up to fifteenfold compared with nononcological operations with direct closure. The associated morbidity and compromised cosmetic results with facial surgical wound breakdown makes it important to identify these higher risk factors and consider added prophylaxis.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1995

Ilioinguinal block dissection for malignant melanoma.

A retrospective analysis of 41 patients treated for metastatic inguinal lymph node malignant melanoma is presented: 16 underwent inguinal node excision and 25 ilioinguinal node excision. The two groups were well matched for age, sex and other characteristics. The mean time in hospital (inguinal 20 days, ilioinguinal 18 days) and the complication rates (inguinal, ten of 16 patients, ilioinguinal, 13 of 25) were similar in each group. The incidence of groin relapse, defined as the development of symptomatic melanoma in the region of the inguinal or iliac node basins following block dissection, was lower after ilioinguinal block dissection (inguinal, three patients; ilioinguinal, none). Histological examination demonstrated a high proportion of iliac node involvement (13 of 25 patients), even in those with a single mobile inguinal lymph node clinically and no clinical or computed tomographic evidence of iliac node involvement. This supports the value of ilioinguinal block dissection and suggests that the associated morbidity need not be greater than that associated with inguinal clearance alone.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

Capture and penetration processes of the free-living juveniles of Trichostrongylus colubriformis (Nematoda) by the nematophagous fungus, Arthrobotrys oligospora.

The nematode-trapping fungus Arthrobotrys oligospora traps and invades all the free-living juvenile stages of the trichostrongyle nematode Trichostrongylus colubriformis. The processes of capture and invasion of the 1st-stage juveniles are described using differential interference contrast optics and 3-D reconstruction techniques. The adhesive responsible for capture is well preserved using a freeze-substitution technique for scanning electron microscopy. The invasion process of the ensheathed 3rd-stage juvenile of T. colubriformis takes much longer than in the 1st- or 2nd-stage juvenile and involves the formation of secondary infection pegs between the sheath and the cuticle which appear to penetrate the cuticle by physical pressure.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

Carbohydrate/lectin interactions between the nematophagous fungus, Arthrobotrys oligospora, and the infective juveniles of Trichostrongylus colubriformis (Nematoda).

Removal of the sheath of the ensheathed infective juvenile of Trichostrongylus colubriformis prevents capture by the nematophagous fungus Arthrobotrys oligospora. Exposure of the trap hyphae to a variety of saccharides, which may block a recognition system based on lectin/carbohydrate binding, failed to prevent capture but some saccharides did inhibit penetration and invasion by the fungus. Capture and penetration thus appear to be two distinct processes with capture being less specific than penetration. Carbohydrate residues were absent from the outer surface of the cuticle and the sheath but were present on the inner surface of the sheath. The limited accessibility of these lectin-binding sites may explain the slow process of infection of the infective juvenile by the fungus. The sheath does not protect the infective juvenile against attack by this nematophagous fungus.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

Preparation of the nematode-trapping fungus, Arthrobotrys oligospora, for scanning electron microscopy by freeze substitution.

A freeze-substitution technique for preparing fungal specimens for scanning electron microscopy is described. This involves cryofixation in liquid nitrogen, freeze substitution in methanol at -20 degrees C and critical-point drying. The trapping complexes and conidiophores of the nematophagous fungus Arthrobotrys oligospora are well preserved and retain their normal three-dimensional arrangement.

Animals↗