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Biomedical subjects

D S Seidman

Publications and source records attributed to D S Seidman.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1992

[Glucose polymer solutions and prolonged exertion in the heat].

The effect of glucose polymer solutions on physical performance has been extensively investigated, mainly under controlled laboratory conditions. The influence of such beverages on fluid balance and on glycemic state in the field, during prolonged exercise of moderate intensity (a 134 km march) in the heat (32-41 degrees C, 60-14% relative humidity) was therefore studied. 48 endurance-trained men were randomly assigned to drink either a 7.2% glucose polymer (GP) electrolyte beverage or tap water (TW); there were 24 in each group. Each group was then divided into subgroups that either consumed fluid ad libitum, or were instructed to consume 1000 ml/hr. Mean fluid consumption of all subgroups was similar. There was a greater change in plasma volume for the TW than for the GP group (+7.9% vs. +4.8%, respectively; p less than 0.05). However, in neither the GP nor the TP group did dehydration exceed 2% of body weight. Blood glucose concentration increased significantly in subjects ingesting GP (p less than 0.01) while it decreased on each day of march in those drinking TW. It is concluded that the fluid intake recommended at present by the IDF is adequate to maintain hydration within the normal range during physical effort in the heat. The differences between the GP and the TW groups in this study do not justify the substitution of glucose-polymer solutions for water during prolonged, moderate exercise.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

The prognostic importance of the number of oocytes retrieved and estradiol levels in poor and normal responders in in vitro fertilization (IVF) treatment.

A low response to ovarian stimulation in in vitro fertilization poses a unique therapeutic challenge. Gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonists (GnRHa) have been suggested as a modality for treatment of this condition. In this study, we analyzed the results of 880 in vitro fertilization treatment cycles with respect to modality of ovarian stimulation, degree of hormonal response, and number of oocytes retrieved. In patients with estradiol (E2) levels less than 501 pg/ml on the day of human chorionic gonadotropin administration, 27% pregnancy rate was achieved with clomiphene citrate (CC) combined with human menopausal gonadotropin (hMG), compared to 15.1% (P less than 0.005) with hMG alone and 20.8% (NS) with GnRHa and hMG. Pregnancy rates were not lower in these patients compared to patients with higher estradiol levels in the different stimulation protocols, but pregnancy rates were significantly lower in cycles during which three or fewer oocytes were retrieved, compared to those in which four or more oocytes were retrieved (10.8 vs 23.8%; P less than 0.0005). In low-retrieval cycles pregnancy rates actually decreased with increasing levels of estradiol. Our results indicate that the number of oocytes retrieved is a better prognostic parameter than E2 levels in predicting the outcome of in vitro fertilization treatment and that GnRHa in the long protocol do not seem to be superior to CC combined with hMG for the treatment of poor responders.

Biomarkers↗
PubMed1992

Cytokine levels in follicular fluid of polycystic ovaries in patients treated with dexamethasone.

OBJECTIVE: To assess the levels of cytokines in the follicular fluid of stimulated ovaries. DESIGN: The study included two groups of four patients with polycystic ovarian disease. These were diagnosed by clinical and ultrasonic features and characteristic hormonal profiles, treated with gonadotropin-releasing hormone-analogue and human menopausal gonadotropin. One group received dexamethasone (DEX). MAIN OUTCOME: Dexamethasone is capable of directly affecting granulosa and immune cells. It was also expected to affect cytokine production of granulosa and immune cells of the ovary. RESULTS: This study demonstrates that FF from patients treated with DEX has reduced tumor necrosis factor (TNF) activity and elevated colony-stimulating factor levels. Regardless of the treatment with DEX, the follicles with high levels of TNF contained minimal concentrations of estradiol. Interleukin-6 did not differ between the FF samples. CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest a role for cytokines in the process of folliculogenesis and ovarian maturation. Modification of cytokines by DEX might explain the beneficial effect of fertility.

Colony-Stimulating Factors↗
PubMed1992

A 2-year prospective study of very low birthweight infants.

A prospective 2-year follow-up study was carried out on 68 of the 69 surviving very low birthweight (VLBW) infants (< 1,501 g) born in Bikur Holim Hospital in the years 1985-87. The aims were a) to determine the incidence of major disability, and b) to compare the 2-year outcome of VLBW infants without major disability with that of a control group of full-term small-for-gestational-age infants, using the Mental Development Index (MDI) of the Bayley Scales. Mean birthweight of the VLBW infants was 1,234 +/- 216 g and mean gestational age was 30.7 +/- 2.4 weeks. Their neonatal mortality during the study period was 29.8%. Major disability was diagnosed in 11/68 infants (16%). At age 2 years there was no significant difference between the mean MDI of the VLBW infants without major disability (97.7 +/- 19.5) and that of the controls (99.7 +/- 17.0). These data, representing the outcome of VLBW infants from a community-based hospital with neonatal intensive care facilities, are comparable in incidence of major disability with data of large tertiary centers. Cognitive ability of VLBW infants without major disability at age 2 years was equivalent to that of their full-term peers.

Analysis of Variance↗
PubMed1992

Recurrence rate after fluid aspiration from sonographically benign-appearing ovarian cysts.

The outcome after fluid aspiration from 41 sonographically benign-appearing ovarian cysts was assessed. The considerable probability of recurrence was significantly higher after ultrasound-guided aspiration than following aspiration via laparoscopy (54% versus 30%, respectively, at 36 months). Although all the recurring cysts were benign, the concern with malignancy and the high recurrence rate seem to indicate that fluid aspiration from sonographically benign-appearing cysts by either method is not the management of choice.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1992

Cervical cerclage for anomalous uteri.

The role of cervical cerclage was evaluated in 54 pregnant women with anomalous uteri. Forty-six of them delivered live neonates, and eight aborted. The success rate was 85.2% as compared to 22% in previous pregnancies. The mean gestational age was 38 weeks (range, 32-42). The average birth weight was 3,150 g. Complications from the cerclage procedures were minor. Our results support the trend toward the use of cervical cerclage in pregnant women with anomalous uteri.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

Birth weight and intellectual performance in late adolescence.

The impact of birth weight on cognitive performance in late adolescence was assessed in a study of 20,567 male infants born in Jerusalem between 1964-1970. The 17-year follow-up was performed by matching computerized data base records. Stepwise multiple regression analysis was used to estimate the effect of birth weight on intelligence test scores, adjusting for the influence of ethnic origin, maternal and paternal education, social class (determined by area of residence), maternal age, and birth order. These confounders explained 22% of the variance in intelligence test scores. The adjusted differences in intelligence test scores were significantly lower for groups with birth weight less than 2000 g (-6.5 points), 2000-2499 g (-3.6 points), and 2500-2999 g (-1.6 points) compared with the group weighing 3000-3499 g. Most low birth weight infants achieved intellectual performance within the normal range. However, despite this reassuring finding, low weight at birth in male subjects was found to have a statistically significant independent association with inferior intelligence test achievements in late adolescence.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

Transsexualism.

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Adult↗