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Biomedical subjects

D S Selinger

Publications and source records attributed to D S Selinger.

14 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1982

Toxic shock syndrome associated with surgical wound infections.

In 13 cases of toxic shock syndrome (TSS) associated with postoperative wound infections, clinical findings were similar to those observed in cases of TSS in menstruating women. While local signs of a surgical wounds infection were minimal, Staphylococcus aureus was recovered from cultures of wounds in 12 of 12 patients; multiple blood cultures were negative for 11 of 11 patients. Toxic shock syndrome due to surgical wound infections accompanied a wide variety of surgical procedures in both men and women and was not necessarily associated with menstruation in women. The median interval between surgery and onset of TSS was two days. Toxic shock syndrome can develop in association with surgical wound infections caused by S aureus and should be considered in the differential diagnosis of postoperative fever and hypotension.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1981

Model for studying bacterial adherence to epithelial cells infected with viruses.

Measles infection decreased adherence of staphylococci, streptococci, and pneumococci to cultured epithelial cells, whereas adenovirus had no effect. Rhinovirus increased staphylococcal and streptococcal adherence. Influenza A increased or decreased staphylococcal adherence at different times after infection.

Adenoviruses, Human↗
PubMed1981

Effect of immunization on the genesis of pneumococcal endocarditis in rabbits.

The effect of immunization with whole organisms on the development of Streptococcus pneumoniae endocarditis was examined by in vivo and in vitro methods. Immunization protected rabbits from pneumococcal endocarditis when the in vivo catheterization model was used. The inoculum size that caused endocarditis in 50% of the unimmunized rabbits was 1.1 X 10(5) colony-forming units, whereas 1.2 X 10(7) colony-forming units were required for infecting 50% of the immunized rabbits (P less than 0.001). Investigations were carried out to determine the mechanism which enabled immunization to prevent the development of pneumococcal endocarditis; they indicated that a reduction in bacterial adherence could not explain this phenomenon. In vitro studies showed that subagglutinating quantities of antibody increased the adherence (P less than 0.05) of pneumococci to rabbit aortic valve cusps. The adherence ratio of pneumococci to fibrin-platelet clots was at least doubled by the presence of subagglutinating dilutions of immune sera (P less than 0.001). Further studies showed that immunoglobulin G in the immune sera accounted for this increased in vitro adherence. However, further in vivo studies showed that immunized rabbits were able to clear live pneumococci from their bloodstreams within 4.5 h, whereas unimmunized rabbits failed to clear the organism within 24 h.

Adhesiveness↗
PubMed1981

Response to pneumococcal vaccine in the elderly: no enhancement by indomethacin.

We investigated whether indomethacin administration would augment the antibody response to pneumococcal vaccine in a group of healthy elderly individuals. There was no significant difference in mean increases in antibody levels to 12 pneumococcal polysaccharide types between the 20 subjects who received indomethacin 25 mg q.i.d. for five days after immunization and the control subjects not receiving indomethacin. In addition, there was no correlation within this group of 40 individuals between three measures of immune function (absolute lymphocyte count, delayed hypersensitivity testing, and response to phytohemagglutinin) and the antibody response to the pneumococcal vaccine.

Adjuvants, Immunologic↗
PubMed1980

Streptococcal adherence to pharyngeal cells of children with acute rheumatic fever.

The adherence of strains of group A Streptococcus to pharyngeal cells from Egyptian children with acute rheumatic fever (RF) was examined. Nine RF-associated and eight unassociated streptococcal strains were tested in vitro for adherence to pharyngeal cells from 11 patients with acute RF and eight normal subjects. RF-associated streptococcal strains adhered more avidly to pharyngeal cells of patients with acute RF (mean, 11.8 bacteria/cell) than did unassociated strains (mean, 5.9 bacteria/cell; P less than 0.05). The difference in mean adherence could be attributed to certain RF-associated strains. There was no significant difference in adherence when pharyngeal cells from controls were used. Furthermore, one RF-associated streptococcal strain was found to adhere considerably more avidly to pharyngeal cells of patients with RF than to those of controls.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1979

Rhizopus osteomyelitis. A case report and review.

Mucormycosis osteomyelitis has previously been described exclusively in association with contiguous infections of rhinocerebral mucormycosis. In a patient with corticosteroid-dependent neutropenia and anemia osteomyelitis of the femur developed caused by the Mucoraceae Rhizopus. Although a primary focus was not identified, we believe this infection was hematogenous in origin. Mitogen stimulation to phytohemagglutinin (PHA) of the patient's lymphocytes revealed depressed cellullar immunity; however, there was specific response to Rhizopus extract. Treatment with systemic amphotericin B prevented further progression of the infection. A review of mucormycosis osteomyelitis is presented.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1979

Pneumococcal adherence to human epithelial cells.

Evidence is presented that pneumococci adhere poorly to oropharyngeal cells in vitro and that the capsule may interfere with adherence. A brief survey indicated that pneumococci may also adhere poorly in vivo.

Epithelium↗
PubMed1978

Adherence of group A streptococci to pharyngeal cells: a role in the pathogenesis of rheumatic fever.

We used an assay in vitro to investigate the possible role of streptococcal adherence to human pharyngeal cells in the pathogenesis of acute rheumatic fever. There was no difference in adherence of rheumatic fever-associated and non-associated strains of group A streptococci to pooled pharyngeal cells of normal people. Likewise, streptococci not associated with rheumatic fever adhered equally well to cells taken from normal people and from patients with rheumatic heart disease. However, the pharyngeal cells of all nine rheumatic heart disease patients tested had increased avidity for adherence for a rheumatic fever-associated strain of streptococcus compared to the pharyngeal cells obtained from age- and sex-matched controls. Increased streptococcal adherence to pharyngeal cells of rheumatic fever-prone patients may play a role in the pathogenesis of rheumatic fever.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

Effect of indomethacin in vivo on humoral and cellular immunity in humans.

We studied the effect of indomethacin on intradermal skin testing and antibody responses in humans. Since we and others have shown that prostaglandins are suppressor cell mediators, it was probable that in vivo inhibition of prostaglandin synthesis might enhance the humoral and/or cellular immune response. Administration of indomethacin (Indocin) in a dosage of 100 mg/day to 15 normal men and women resulted in a significantly increased antibody titer to A-Victoria (P less than 0.025) as compared with age- and sex-matched controls. There was no difference in titer to A-New Jersey. Since 90% of the subjects had antibody titers to A-Victoria before inoculation, whereas none had detectable titers to A-New Jersey, we interpret this data as suggesting that indomethacin enhances the secondary but not the primary humoral immune response. Indomethacin administration did not alter the intradermal skin test responses.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

Partial reversal of the cellular immune defect in common variable immunodeficiency with indomethacin.

We administered indomethacin (25 mg q.i.d.) to two patients with common variable immunodeficiency and measured the effect on their depressed cellular immune responses. The in vitro response of both patients' lymphocytes to phytohemagglutinin increased during indomethacin administration. Both patients were anergic to skin testing before treatment and responded to two of four skin tests during treatment with indomethacin. Thus indomethacin administration in vivo appears to enhance the cellular immune respone, paralleling its previously described effects in vitro.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Resistance to infection of the external eye: the role of tears.

The external eye is continuously exposed to an environment containing potentially pathogenic microorganisms. One of the mechanisms which protects the eye from infection is the tear layer. We review the current knowledge of those antimicrobial substances known to be present in tears and the role they might play in preventing infection. These substances include lysozyme, lactoferrin, beta-lysin, and the antibody-complement system of proteins.

Complement System Proteins↗