Totally implantable catheter systems have proved their qualification in patients treated with intravenous chemotherapy. These systems appear to have also advantages in patients requiring home parenteral nutrition. The risks of infection can be minimized, daily dressing changes are not necessary, and the cosmetic appearance is not influenced.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1985

Artificial parenteral nutrition at home via totally implantable catheter systems.

Home parenteral nutrition ensures the nutritional requirements in patients where oral or enteral food intake is not sufficient. This report describes the use of totally implantable catheter-port-systems that are punctured only during infusion periods. Using these systems, the quality of life at affected patients can be substantially improved. Moreover, the rate of complications such as septicemia and mechanical problems appears to be significantly reduced in comparison to conventional catheters employing extracorporal segments.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1984

[Weight reduction on a commercially available minimal diet. Results of replacing 1 meal per day].

Over a period of 14 days eight female outpatients ingested a new low-calorie formula diet (Enerday Protein) as a substitute for either dinner or lunch. This formula diet contains fructose as carbohydrate. In the two weeks of treatment an average reduction in weight of 2.7 kg (range: 2.0-3.4 kg) was observed, which means a daily weight loss of 193 g. Gastrointestinal disturbances or metabolic changes were not observed. This form of weight reduction was well accepted by the patients. Living and eating habits were not altered, since only one daily meal was replaced.

Adult↗

PubMed1984

[Coma and praecoma diabeticum. Physiopathology, clinical aspects and therapy].

The diabetic coma is characterized by fundamental metabolic changes. Apart from the hyperglycaemia, exsiccosis and the disturbed electrolyte metabolism are considerable factors contributing to the coma. The treatment of diabetic coma puts great demands on the doctors, since the prognosis can only be improved by systematic and correct intervention. A fast filling up of the volume and a specific electrolyte (potassium) substitution are very important. In cases of ketoacidotic diabetic coma the acidosis must be carefully balanced, whereby the "rest-acidosis" up to pH 7.1 can be tolerated. The administration of insulin can only begin, when the volume and electrolyte substitution is guaranteed, otherwise dangerous insulin-induced hypokalaemia is unavoidable. By no means may the first treatment for the insulinisation be carried out ambulatory.

Bicarbonates↗

PubMed1984

[Why are there still doubts?].

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Cholesterol↗

PubMed1984

[Ultrastructure of diabetic autonomic neuropathy of the gastrointestinal tract].

Gastrointestinal motility disorders induced by diabetes mellitus are most commonly manifested in the colon, and are considered to be an expression of diabetic autonomic polyneuropathy. In this study, for the first time, the intrinsic nervous system of the bowel has been subjected to an ultrastructural and morphometric examination in rectal biopsy material obtained from diabetics with and without diabetic enteropathy. In patients with diabetic enteropathy, the nerves of the submucous plexus (Meissner's plexus) revealed significant swelling of the axons, as an expression of neural degeneration. Furthermore, in about a half of these patients, thickening of the basal membrane of Schwann's cells was also detected. Additional, although unspecific, changes found in the diabetics were a quantitative increase in the lysosomes, lipofuscin and glycogen in the Schwann cells. The ultrastructural findings represent evidence for the presence of an intrinsic autonomic polyneuropathy in diabetics with diabetic enteropathy. At the same time, they indicate that the diagnosis of diabetic enteropathy is no longer merely an "exclusion" diagnosis.

Adult↗

PubMed1984

[Enteral tube feeding versus parenteral infusion therapy--metabolic aspects].

A sufficient nutrition of seriously ill patients is uninevitable. Basically we have two possibilities: the enteral and the parenteral nutrition. The enteral nutrition therapy shows only few complications and is well tolerated by patients. The standard diet is the high molecular diet. If the absorption performance of the small intestine is limited the chemically defined diet including the oligopeptide diet haven proven themselves as efficient. On the other hand the parenteral nutrition is indicated when quick metabolic changes or specific influence on aminoacid-homoeostasis are desirable. Furthermore parenteral nutrition is necessary in all diseases which won't allow enteral nutrition.

Amino Acids↗

PubMed1984

A new glucose electrode for tissue measurements.

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Animals↗

PubMed1984

New diagnostic and therapeutic possibilities in manifest idiopathic hemochromatosis.

Up until recently in clinical practice suspected hemochromatosis with a pathological iron-screening test (plasma iron, percentage transferrin saturation, serum ferritin, desferrioxamine-induced urinary iron excretion) made a liver biopsy necessary. Today, as a first step, the density of the liver parenchyma can be measured by means of computed tomography. Normal findings obviate the need for laparoscopy. Since the late forties weekly or twice weekly phlebotomy has been the sole form of treatment for manifest idiopathic hemochromatosis. In the mid-sixties the hopes placed in chelating substances (desferrioxamine) were not fulfilled, because the plasma half-life (only 7-10 minutes) of this drug was too short. Even with several daily injections only a small amount of iron was removed from the body tissue (10-25 mg daily urinary iron excretion). The introduction of portable infusion pumps in the late seventies offered us a new possibility of administering desferrioxamine by subcutaneous injection (Propper et al., 1976). Until that time such treatment was successfully used only in the field of pediatrics to treat secondary transfusion hemochromatosis in thalassemia. In one case of idiopathic hemochromatosis with severe organic involvement (right heart failure, repeated esophageal hemorrhage and bronzed diabetes) we had to achieve rapid iron elimination, and for this purpose we used continuous long-term desferrioxamine administration by means of a portable infusion pump (Autosyringe) in addition to phlebotomy. Since, particularly in the critical initial phase of treatment when heart failure was always threatening, great care had to be exercised in the use of phlebotomy, iron removal was achieved largely by desferrioxamine administration (daily up to 240 mg iron elimination in urine and stools).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Bloodletting↗

PubMed1983

[Does short-term fasting lower the cardiovascular risk in obesity? Effects of the composition of the reducing diet].

Risk factors of atherosclerosis in obese people can be reduced by weight reduction. 40 massively obese patients (Broca 159 +/- 41) were treated with different hypocaloric weight reduction diets. It was tested, if a decrease of risk factors can be induced by a 14 days' treatment period, already, and if the composition of diet influences the results. Weight reduction induced a significant fall of blood pressure and triglycerides (-25%). No differences could be seen between the various diets. The decrease of cholesterol (-12%) was caused by a simultaneous fall of LDL- and protective HDL-cholesterol. These changes were independent from dietary composition, too.

Adult↗

PubMed1983