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Biomedical subjects

D Schorr

Publications and source records attributed to D Schorr.

5 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1994

Risk factors for Campylobacter enteritis in Switzerland.

From February to December 1991, 167 sporadic cases of Campylobacter enteritis in Switzerland and 282 controls were enrolled in a case-control study using self-administered questionnaires. In the multivariate matched analysis, travel abroad was identified as the most important risk factor for an infection with Campylobacter (adjusted odds ratio [OR] = 21.2, 95% confidence interval [CI]7.6-56.2). Having foreign citizenship also increased the risk (OR = 6.7, 95% CI 1.3-34.5). Among food items consumed within five days before onset of illness, consumption of poultry liver was shown to be a risk factor (OR = 5.7, 95% CI 1.4-22.8), while the consumption of curd or cottage cheese lowered the risk (OR = 0.5, 95% CI 0.3-0.9). The unmatched analysis confirmed travel abroad and the consumption of poultry liver as risk factors and the consumption of curd or cottage cheese as being protective, and, in addition, identified the consumption of poultry as a risk factor (OR = 2.0, 95% CI 1.1-3.3). The study showed the feasibility of using self-administered questionnaires for this type of analysis. The method is logistically simple and reduces the cost of case-control studies.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

[Medical advice for travellers].

When counselling travellers to overseas countries, attention should be paid not only to the health and safety conditions within the country of destination, but also to the general health of the traveller and to the personal risk he might take on his journey. Rarely, though, a person has to be discouraged from an overseas trip these days because of a constitutional or medical incapacity, a classification of which is given in the article. It is, however, indispensable to give advice on how to avoid exposure for a number of nuisances and diseases, particularly diarrhea, insect-stings and arthropod borne diseases and STD, as well as accidents.

Accident Prevention↗
PubMed1984

Motivation to control one's environment in individuals with obsessive-compulsive, depressive, and normal personality traits.

This study investigated whether people are motivated for control and considered both the dispositional and situational factors that affect this motivation. Thirty male and 30 female undergraduates, divided equally among individuals with obsessive-compulsive, depressive, and normal personality styles, were given different levels of information about how to exercise control in an effective manner. Motivation for control was assessed by performance on a task in which the level of performance determined whether a subject obtained control over an outcome. In addition, feelings of self-efficacy were measured. The hypothesis that people are motivated to have personal control was confirmed. Furthermore, this motivation for control could not be accounted for by the variance attributable to feelings of self-efficacy, that is, the expectancy of gaining a good outcome by having personal control. Although feelings of self-efficacy were influenced by the level of information provided to subjects, for most subjects, the motivation for control, per se, was not affected. In contrast, obsessive-compulsive males seemed to respond differently to the information manipulation from other subjects, being motivated for control only when a higher level of information was provided. The effects of depressive and obsessive-compulsive personality styles on the motivation for control were reconsidered.

Compulsive Personality Disorder↗