Pediatric extubation: "pulling the tube".
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Biomedical subjects
Publications and source records attributed to D Sine.
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David M. Sine, president of David M. Sine & Associates, Inc., Austin, TX, is a safety and quality management consultant specializing in pre-accreditation auditing of health care facilities. Prior to becoming an independent consultant in 1980, he was a senior staff engineer for the Joint Commission on Accreditation of Healthcare Organizations (JCAHO) and has worked as a consultant to the American Hospital Association. He has lectured throughout the country and published numerous trade articles on safety and quality management issues. Here, he discusses recent trends and developments in hospital safety and quality management, and offers advice on measures to take in preparation for a Joint Commission accreditation survey.
An infant girl, born small for gestational age, with abnormal single creases on the fifth digits, subsequent severe developmental delay, hypertelorism, bilateral equinovalgus deformities, grade IV genitourinary reflux and mild right hydronephrosis, was found to have an inverted duplication of the short arm of chromosome 16 [46,XX; inv dup (16) (p 13.3-->p 11.2]. The cardiac anomalies included a large perimembranous ventricular septal defect (VSD) and a moderate-sized atrial septal defect (ASD). Cardiac catheterization at 6 months of age revealed systemic level pulmonary artery pressure, bilateral pulmonary venous desaturation, and in room air a pulmonary/systemic blood flow ratio (Qp/Qs) of 0.8:1.0, which did not change significantly with administration of oxygen and nitric oxide. To our knowledge, this is the first description of early nonreactive pulmonary vascular disease in a patient with duplication 16p and a large VSD.