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Biomedical subjects

D Sirbat

Publications and source records attributed to D Sirbat.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1991

Multiple-dose efficacy comparison of the two topical carbonic anhydrase inhibitors sezolamide and MK-927.

The multiple-dose twice-daily efficacy of the topical carbonic anhydrase inhibitor MK-927, a racemic compound, was compared with that of its pharmacologically more active S-enantiomer in a four-center, double-masked, randomized, placebo-controlled, parallel study of 1.8% sezolamide hydrochloride (MK-417), 2% MK-927, and placebo, given twice daily to 48 patients with bilateral primary open angle glaucoma or ocular hypertension and morning intraocular pressure greater than 24 mm Hg in both eyes following washout of ocular hypotensive medications. Parallel 10-hour modified diurnal curves were performed before the study and on day 14, with 4-hour curves on days 1 and 4. Both compounds demonstrated significant lowering of intraocular pressure at 8 AM, 12 hours following the evening dose, and through 10 and 6 hours following the 8 AM dose for sezolamide and MK-927, respectively. Morning trough (evening) activity as measured by mean percent change in intraocular pressure from prestudy was -9.2% for sezolamide and -11.1% for MK-927 (-13.5% and -9.6%); peak effect occurred 2 hours after dose administration and was -19.4% and -19.2% for sezolamide and MK-927, respectively. From 2 hours after dose administration, sezolamide consistently demonstrated a slightly greater decrease in intraocular pressure than MK-927; however, these differences were not statistically significant.

Administration, Topical↗
PubMed1991

[Nanocapsules of beta-blocking agents: a new drug carrier in ophthalmology. Application to medical treatment of glaucoma in rabbits].

In order to reduce the lacrimal elimination and to increase the intraocular penetration of betaxolol after ocular administration, we prepared a new drug carrier, polycaprolactone nanocapsules, containing betaxolol in the base form. The instillation of nanocapsules containing only 0.1% of betaxolol into glaucomatous rabbit eyes induced a greater decrease of IOP in intensity, time and stability compared to the reduction of IOP induced after instillation of the commercial eye drops (Betoptic) containing 5 times more betaxolol (0.56%). This new pharmaceutical dosage form produces very interesting therapeutic effects with much lower drug concentrations than that commonly used in aqueous commercial eye drops; thus, systemic and local side effects could be minimized. All drugs used in medical treatments of eye diseases should be able to be included in this carrier. In addition, effective drugs not used because of their toxicity will become suitable for use at lower and safer doses.

Adrenergic beta-Antagonists↗
PubMed1989

[Corneal abscess caused by Pasteurella following cat scratch injury].

Authors report a Pasteurella Multocida corneal abscess after a scratch from a cat. The evolution was torpid and needed a transfixiant keratoplasty. They recall bacterial tanks, infestation ways, clinical manifestations and bacteriological identification. They note the low occurrence of ophthalmological manifestations and the sensibility of Pasteurella to various antibiotics, especially Beta lactams, phenicol and cyclins.

Abscess↗
PubMed1989

[Uveal effusion syndrome. Apropos of a case].

Uveal effusion syndrome is a rare entity. It associates a nonrhegmatogenous retinal detachment, an annular cilio-choroïdal detachment and peripheral vascular anomalies. It is important to differentiate it from the another retinal detachments and the malignant melanoma.

Exudates and Transudates↗
PubMed1987

[Arterial vascularization and ischemia of the anterior eye segment. Experimental radio-anatomical study of human cadavers].

Ischemia of the anterior segment of the eye is rare but may be in relation with some strabismic procedures. The physiopathology is unclear. This experimental data on human cadaver studied the arterial vascularization of the major circle of iris with injection and opacification of an aqueous suspension of barium. The respective participation of anterior ciliary arteries and long posterior ciliary arteries, respectively were analysed. Some recti muscles were cut with various combinations and before injection. The breaks of the major arterial circle which resulted were noticed. They were large when both vertical recti were cut and minimal or absent when both horizontal recti were cut. The anterior ciliary arteries coming from interior and superior rectus are very important. The long posterior ciliary arteries seem to be more important than the anterior ciliary arteries coming from both horizontal recti muscles and especially the medial long posterior ciliary artery. Our study provides an explanation of classical iatrogenic iridociliary ischemia following Hummelsheim or O'Connors strabismus procedure.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

[Arterial supply to the anterior segment of the eye. Radioanatomical study of a series of 25 human eyes].

We studied the arterial vascularization of the anterior segment of 25 cadaver eyes. Arteries had been opacified by an injection of an aqueous suspension of barium. Our study has focused on the anterior ciliary arteries (ACA), emerging from the four rectus muscles. Among the numerous individual variations, we have noticed the following predominant aspects: for the external rectus muscle, the ACA is usually unique and thin, located in the superior or inferior third of the muscle. For the others rectus muscles, the ACA are rather big and frequently observed in pairs. They tend to be found on each lateral side of the muscle. By and large, the vertical ACA look bigger and more numerous than the horizontal ACA. The number, the size and the position of the long posterior ciliary arteries are quite uniform. The major arterial circle of the iris seems to be discontinuous, and is more and less made of arterial anastomoses. This study enabled us to reconsider the usual anatomical description of arterial supply of the anterior segment. The vascularization by the ACA, especially at the level of the inferior and superior rectus muscle, has to be known in order to avoid an anterior segment ischemia following strabismus surgery.

Adult↗