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Biomedical subjects

D Stopik

Publications and source records attributed to D Stopik.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1982

[Effect of diffusion potentials and various stomach regions on the behavior of the potential difference after pentagastrin].

Junction potentials at the tip of a 0.15 M NaCl- and a 3 M KCl-flowing bridge dependent on the surrounding electrolyte solution were measured and calculated. There was a close correlation between the calculated and measured junction potentials. The magnitude of the calculated and experimentally determined junction potentials at the tip of the 0.15 M NaCl-bridge was found to be almost identical. Provided that junction potentials were not subtracted from the measured potential difference pentagastrin diminished the simultaneous measured antrum and corpus potential difference in 11 volunteers. When however junction potentials from the experimentally determined potential difference had been subtracted pentagastrin induced a transient significant decline in the corpus potential difference but no significant changes of PD could be registered in the antrum. The observation that pentagastrin did not change the antrum-PD suggests that the pentagastrin effect is related to the parietal cells.

Humans↗
PubMed1981

[Duodenal ulcer - multicenter double-blind study with proglumide].

In a randomised multicenter double blind study we investigated the healing-rate with proglumid and an antacid drug, studying 70 in- and outpatients with florid duodenal ulcer. We evaluated the size and depth of 59 chronic duodenal ulcers in 52 patients with endoscopic and x-ray-investigations before and after four-week-treatment. Inpatients of the proglumid-group had a significant higher healing-rate than inpatients in the antacid-group (95% against 70%, p less than 0.05). As found in endoscopy the outpatients in the proglumid-group had a higher healing-rate, but because of the smaller number of patients the difference was not significant. Summarized the in- and outpatients, the proglumid-group had a healing-rate of 83%, the antacid-group of 60% (p less than 0.05). Bigger ulcers with a size more than 120 mm2 at the beginning showed a significant better healing with proglumid than with the antacid-drug (t/2 = 14.6 resp. 24.6 days). With x-ray-examination we could not find differences of healing between the two groups, but younger patients often were not examined. The symptoms of patients did not show a significant difference during the healing-course. We could not find any side-effects. Proglumid is an effective drug for the healing of chronic duodenal ulcers.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

[Dose-dependent effects of ranitidine on the transmural potential difference of the stomach].

The effect of N-[2-[[[5-[(dimethylamino)methyl]-2-furanyl]methyl]thio]ethyl]-N'-methyl-2-nitro-1,1-ethenediamine hydrochloride ranitidine and NaCl-solution in different dosages on gastric mucosal potential difference during endoscopy was examined in 92 volunteers. After bolus injections of 10-40 mg ranitidine there was a significant maximum increase in potential difference taken from different parts of the stomach and from the gastric juice. No changes were seen in the duodenal mucosal. Following bolus injections of 2.5 and 5 mg ranitidine there was a lower increase in potential difference in the gastric juice. These dosages seem to be insufficient to induce a maximum increase of potential difference in each individual.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1981

[Behavior of secretin-pancreozymin-stimulated pancreatic secretion, gallbladder contraction and choleresis after somatostatin administration].

The action of somatostatin (250 microgram i. v. + 125 microgram/30 min i. v.) on pancreatic secretion was studied in 8 volunteers and on biliary secretion as measured through a T-tube in 7 volunteers during background stimulation of secretin and pancreozymin (1 U/kg/h). Additional injection of somatostatin was accompanied by a significant (p less than 0,05) decrease in volume and in bicarbonate output for a short time and a significant (p less than 0,05) decrease in trypsin, amylase and lipase output for the studied period. There was no decrease in volume output and bicarbonate concentration as measured in the T-tube. The effect of somatostatin in abolishing the pancreozymin induced contraction of the gallbladder was documented by sonography. The temporary reduction of volume and bicarbonate output in the duodenal lumen could be considered as an inhibitory effect of somatostatin on gallbladder contraction and not as an effect on the exocrine pancreas.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

[Effect of calcitonin on the transmural gastric potential difference (author's transl)].

The effect of calcitonin (salmon-calcitonin) on PD taken from the gastric juice was measured in 19 volunteers and compared with controls given saline solution (n = 14). The PD measurements in the gastric juice were done under fluoroscopic or under endoscopic control. After bolus injection of calcitonin (100 MRCU) a rapid and significant (p less than 0.05) increase in PD taken from the gastric juice was observed within 15 min. This increase remained almost unchanged for 2 hours. With the endoscopically directed electrode increases in PD could be also detected in the fundus, in the body of the stomach and in the antrum but not in the duodenum mucosa. In contrast to the increase in the antrum mucosa there was a more significant increase in PD in the fundus and in the body of the stomach. This difference could be discussed as a specific effect of calcitonin on the parietal cells.

Calcitonin↗
PubMed1980

[Effect of pirenzepine and atropine on the transmural gastric mucosal potential difference (author's transl)].

The transmural gastric mucosal potential difference (PD) measured by endoscopy has proved to be a good parameter in evaluating dose dependent effects of drugs. In 43 volunteers the maximum increases of the PD taken from the gastric juice were found after 30 mg pirenzepine and 0,5 and I mg atropin within 16 minutes. There was a significant difference between 20 and 30 mg pirenzepin. The dose of 20 mg pirenzepin seems to be insufficient to induce a maximum increase of PD in each individual.

Atropine↗
PubMed1980

[Effect of cimetidine on the transmural gastric mucosal potential difference including the histological pattern of the gastric mucosa (author's transl)].

The measurement of gastric mucosal potential difference (PD) has proved to be a good parameter in the observation of changes in the permeability and the ionic transport of the gastric mucosa. 48 volunteers were examined. The aim of the study was to show if cimetidine induced a dose-dependent increase in the potential difference and if this was infuenced by the different regions of the stomach and morphologic pattern of the gastric mucosa. After 100, 200 and 400 mg cimetidine intravenously there was a maximum increase of the potential difference in the different regions of the stomach and in the gastric juice independent from the dose schedule. No changes were seen in the duodenum. The extent of the increase in PD was dependent on the lesions of the gastric mucosa and the different regions of the stomach.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

[Significance of the correction of aspirated volumes for the results of the secretin-pancreozymin test (author's transl)].

A group of 123 patients without manifestation of an impaired pancreatic function was studied with the secretin-pancreozymin test (group I). In 54 patients (group II) the correction of aspirated volumes during the secretin-pancreozymin test was performed with polyethylene glycol 4000 (PEG) as a marker substance. The mean values of volume-, bicarbonate- and enzyme secretion showed higher levels in 7 of 9 parameters in group II. The recovery rate of polyethylene glycol in group II (median: 92% indicated, why there was no marked difference between both groups. If the secretin-pancreozymin test is performed according to the above method the correction of aspirated volumes becomes negligible for the determination of normal values. However single results of the secretin-pancreozymin test, especially pathological ones, can only be based on the correction of the aspirate.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

[Studies on the pre- and posthepatic plasma histamine concentrations and their possible pathophysiological effects in liver cirrhosis (author's transl)].

Fluorometric estimations of plasma histamine in the peripheral venous blood were performed in a control group of 16 subjects with normal liver values and normal liver biopsy specimen. Two further groups with liver changes were studied: Ten patients with fatty liver (stage I-II) and 22 cases suffering from liver cirrhosis, including 7 patients with portocaval shunt. Additionally, plasma histamine concentrations were determined in the blood of the portal vein, hepatic vein, cubital vein and in the femoral artery of another 11 normal subjects and 8 cirrhotic patients, some of them with portocaval shunt. The elimination of histamine by the liver was calculated. In healthy humans about two thirds (67.8 plus or minus 11.4 per cent; n=11) of the histamine content in the portal vein is eliminated by liver passage. This is due mainly to liver uptake and catabolism of histamine. It could be shown, that the elimination rate (41.0 plus or minus 15.1 per cent, n=8) is diminished in cirrhotic livers. Therefore, the plasma histamine content measured in the peripheral venous blood is significantly higher (p less than 0.001) in cirrhotic patients (1.2 +/- 0.3 ng/ml; n=22) than in healthy subjects (0.7 +/0 0.2 ng/ml; n=16). The expected pathophysiological effects of the elevated plasma histamine levels in liver cirrhosis are discussed with respect to circulatory changes ("hyperdynamic circulation") and their possible role in the development of "hepatogenic" ulcers of the stomach.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

[Plasma histamine concentration and hemodynamic changes in liver cirrhosis (author's transl)].

Different causal factors have been speculated about in regard to hemodynamic changes (hyperdynamic circulation) in liver cirrhosis. Effects of various vasoactive substances upon the increased arterio-venous intrapulmonary shunting in cirrhosis have been demonstrated, including reduced ferritin, bradykinin, prostaglandins, VIP and parenterally applied histamine. In cirrhotic patients pre- and posthepatic plasma concentrations of histamine are definitely elevated, and elimination of histamine by the liver is reduced. It is speculated, that elevated plasma concentrations of endogenous histamine may contribute to hemodynamic changes in liver cirrhosis.

Arteriovenous Anastomosis↗
PubMed1978

[Behavior of histamine in gastric secretion and plasma in the normal and morphologically altered human gastric mucosa].

The existence of a relationship between the morphological state of oxynthic gland area of the stomach and the histamine content in the gastric juice was studied. In 86 patients (48 males and 38 females) four groups were formed due to a multiple biopsy pattern: individuals with normal gastric mucosa, with superficial gastritis, with beginning atrophy and with advanced atrophic gastritis. In the basal and maximal stimulated gastric juice the following parameters were used: volume, H+ concentration, acid output, histamine concentration and histamine output. The histamine content was additionally determined also in the plasma. The histamine output and the histamine content of the gastric juice was significantly diminished parallel to the degree of the atrophy of gastric mucosa and parallel to the decrease of the volume and acid output and the increase of the intragastral pH values. In the plasma an increase of the histamine content was observed under similar conditions. A possible relationship is discussed between increased plasma histamine content and increased serum gastrin concentration in cases of advanced atrophic gastric mucosa.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

[Endogenous plasma histamine and "hepatogenic" peptic ulcer in liver cirrhosis (author's transl)].

Because of its anatomical relationship to the gastrointestinal tract, the normal liver is able to act as a controlling "filter" against the influx of plasma histamine chiefly by uptake and breakdown. This prevents unwanted effects on the systemic circulation. The ability to eliminate histamine from plasma is decreased in cirrhosis. Plasma histamine levels in peripheral venous blood of ten patients with liver cirrhosis and gastric ulcer, proven radiologically and by endoscopy, indicated a significantly higher concentration (1.3 +/- 0.4 micron/1) than in a control group of 16 patients without such disease (0.7 +/- 0.2 micron/1). In a group of patients with fatty liver (stages I-II) there were normal histamine levels (0.7 +/- 0.3 micron/1).

Fatty Liver↗
PubMed1976

[On the method of indirect electrogastrography and its diagnostic applicability (author's transl)].

The cutaneous recording of the gastric electrical activity according to the modified method of Sobakin was utilized. In fasting individuals changes in potential occured between 2 and 5 per min., in most of the cases after standard breakfast the frequency increased while lower amplitudes appeared. The frequency of electrical waves from the duodenum increased remarkably. It could be demonstrated that the peristalsis recorded by gastroscopy was synchronous with the electrogastrographic potentials. The applicability of the method for clinical diagnostic purposes is limited at the present time, because a "normal" electrogastrogram has not yet been established. Specific changes of the electrogastrogram have not been observed in various gastric diseases, which may be verified by routine diagnostic procedures.

Electrodiagnosis↗