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Biomedical subjects

D Subrahmanyam

Publications and source records attributed to D Subrahmanyam.

At least 91 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed1981

Immunogenicity of homogenates of the developmental stages of Litomosoides carinii in albino rats.

Homogenates of different developmental stages of the filarial parasites, L. carinii, emulsified in Freund's complete adjuvant have been examined for their efficacy in conferring immunity to the infection in the albino rats. The results revealed that sonicated preparations of microfilariae and infective larvae induce high resistance to the infection in the animals. In contrast, soluble antigens of adults and sonicated homogenates of adult males were ineffective to induce such resistance. Some resistance seen when sonicated adult worms of both sexes were used as immunogens appears to be due to the microfilarial antigen present in the extracts.

Animals↗
PubMed1981

Antibody-dependent cell-mediated effects in bancroftian filariasis.

The nature of immunoglobulin and effector cells involved in the antibody-dependent cell-mediated adhesion and cytotoxicity to Wuchereria bancrofti larvae has been investigated. Human neutrophils and eosinophils purified from peripheral blood by metrizamide gradients readily adhered to the parasites in presence of IgG fraction of sera from majority of elephantiasis cases with amicrofilaraemia and many of the endemic normals. The cells from normal, microfilariae and elephantiasis cases were equally effective inthe adhesion reaction. While the adhered neutrophils killed the larvae, eosinophils were ineffective in this respect. DEC treatment of elephantiasis cases results in a significant reduction in the ability of their sera to promote cellular adhesion.

Antibody-Dependent Cell Cytotoxicity↗
PubMed1981

Enhanced adhesion of rat neutrophils to Litomosoides carinii microfilariae in the presence of culture supernatants from mitogen-stimulated lymph node cells.

Microfilariae of the rat filarial parasite Litomosoides carinii are killed by normal rat neutrophils which adhere to them in the presence of antibody and complement. Adherence and killing were increased in the presence of the fluid from 48-hr cultures of Con A- or PHA-stimulated normal rat lymph node cells. Both normal and augmented binding were inhibited by cytochalasin B. The factor(s) responsible for increased binding was non-dialysable, susceptible to heat (56 degrees C, 30 min) and freezing and thawing. Its production was inhibited by cycloheximide. Pretreatment of neutrophils with stimulated culture supernatant for 3 hr, followed by washing, also augmented adherence. Similar pretreatment also enhanced phagocytosis of opsonized sheep erythrocytes and latex particles but did not increase candidacidal activity. These experiments suggest that cell-mediated immune reactions leading to lymphokine production may potentiate anti-filarial antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity and general phagocytosis by neutrophils.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

Acute exposure of rhesus monkeys to DDT: effect on carbohydrate metabolism.

The administration of a single oral dose of DDT (150 mg/kg body wt.) to rhesus monkey elevated the hepatic glycogen and glycogen synthase activity but depressed the glycogen phosphorylase activity. A decrease in adenylate cyclase, both basal as well as fluoride and norepinephrine stimulated activity, was observed in liver of DDT-treated animals as compared to controls. Gluconeogenic enzymes did not record any significant change in the liver.

Adenylyl Cyclases↗
PubMed1980

Mechanism of carbohydrate-induced hypertriglyceridemia: plasma lipid metabolism in mice.

A group of mice were fed on a basal diet for 2 wk and thereafter maintained on a fat free high sucrose or starch diet for 5-6 wk. Hypertriglyceridemia was induced in the mice on feeding the high carbohydrate diets. The triglyceride levels reached maximum in 12 and 14-18 days on high sucrose and starch diets, respectively. This was associated with increased pre-beta-lipoproteins in plasma. Though males had higher levels of triglycerides than females on both the diets, this attained statistical significance only in the sucrose-fed group. Cholesterol and phospholipids recorded a significant increase only towards the end of the experimental period. The plasma lipid levels correlated with their secretion rates from the liver following an injection of Triton WR 1339. Furthermore, the hypertriglyceridemia appeared to be due to defective plasma triglyceride removal as seen by the reduced postheparin lipolytic activity (PHLA) of plasma and decreased triglyceride removal (intravenous fat tolerance test) in these animals. The triglycerides returned to almost normal levels when feeding was continued on the diets. During this adaptation, PHLA and fat tolerance of animals increased significantly. Higher triglycerides in the sucrose group seem to be due to a higher rate of secretion as well as slower removal of triglycerides in this group. The sex difference noticed in the plasma triglycerides at peak hypertriglyceridemia appeared to be mainly due to sex difference in removal rates. Blood sugar raised significantly in the animals maintained on both the diets.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

Effect of pyridoxine deficiency on Litomosoides carinii infection in albino rats.

Pyridoxine deficiency has been induced in albino rats at the weanling or neonatal stages. Exposure of the vitamin-deficient rats to the infective larvae of Litomosoides carinii resulted in no development or establishment of the parasite in the host. Although the food consumption of the pair-fed group was necessarily restricted to that of the deficient group, the susceptibility of the animals of the pair-fed group receiving the normal vitamin intake resembled that of the control group. The humoral immune response to the infection in the pair-fed controls as measured by indirect haemagglutination, was inhibited compared to that in the controls. This inhibition was more severe in the vitamin-deficient animals.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

Metabolism of phospholipids in Nocardia polychromogenes.

The rates of synthesis and breakdown of phospholipids in growing of Nocardia polychromogenes were investigated by means of a pulse-labelling technique using 32PO4(3)-. The results indicated that phospholipids were broken down and phosphatidylinositol mannosides had a high turnover rate. The other two main components, cardiolipin and phosphatidylethanolamine, had a relatively low rate of turnover.

Nocardia↗
PubMed1980

Effect of undernutrition on lipid metabolism of brain. In vivo incorporation of labelled acetate and palmitate into lipids.

Albino rats were malnourished from neonatal to weanling stage by increasing the litter size. The in vivo incorporation of (1-(14)C)-acetate, (1-(14)C)-palmitate into the lipid classes was examined in the animals. A stimulated incorporation of the label was observed in total lipids, phospholipids, cholesterol, cerebrosides and sulfatides of the brain of malnourished animals compared to controls.

Acetates↗
PubMed1980

On the inhibition of lipoprotein lipase by Triton WR 1339.

The mode of inhibition of Triton WR 1339 (oxyethylated t-octylphenol polymethylene polymer) on postheparin lipolytic activity and on lipoprotein lipase activity of heart, adipose tissue and liver has been studied in the mouse in vivo and in vitro. The low enzyme activity observed in the acetone powder extracts of the tissues of triton-treated mouse, which had no measurable triton levels together with the significant reversal of triton-inhibition in vitro by increasing concentrations of enzyme, suggested that the primary action of the detergent is on the enzyme per se.

Adipose Tissue↗