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Biomedical subjects

D T Hughes

Publications and source records attributed to D T Hughes.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1979

Comparison of the antitussive effects of codeine phosphate 20 mg, dextromethorphan 30 mg and noscapine 30 mg using citric acid-induced cough in normal subjects.

1. Protection by codeine 20 mg, dextromethorphan 30 mg, noscapine 30 mg, and placebo against citric acid-induced cough was determined in eighteen healthy subjects. 2. Drug differences occurred at 2 1/2 h following ingestion of the drugs but not at 1 1/4 h. 3. Only coideine 20 mg had a greater antitussive action than placebo, but dextromethorphan 30 mg also did not differ from codeine 20 mg. 4. This technique may offer a useful screening test for the activity of new potential antitussive compounds in man.

Antitussive Agents↗
PubMed1979

Ring 20 chromosome in a child with seizures, minor anomalies, and retardation.

A patient is reported with seizures, developmental delay, and minor physical anomalies. Karyotype showed a ring formation of chromosome number 20. Previously reported patients with this chromosomal aberration have typically had seizures and behavioural disorders with considerable variation in the degree of physical abnormality and mental retardation. A correct diagnosis in such a case is important for accurate genetic counselling.

Abnormalities, Multiple↗
PubMed1979

Four families with immunodeficiency and chromosome abnormalities.

Six children, with severe deficiency of some or all of the immunoglobulins and minor somatic abnormalities, had chromosomal abnormalities: (1) 45,XY,t(13q/18q), (2) 46,XY,21ps +, (3) two brothers 46,XY (inv. 7) (4) 45,X,t(11p/10p)/46X,iXq,t(11p/10p) and, (5) in addendum, 45,XX,-18;46,XX, r18. The chromosome abnormalities were detected in B- as well as T-lymphocytes (as evidenced by using both PHA- and PWM-stimulated cultures) in all probands, but one was mosaic in PHA culture, although all his PWM-stimulated cells were abnormal. Chromosomal variants were also detected in relatives of three and immunodeficiency in relatives of two.

Agammaglobulinemia↗
PubMed1979

Serial pulmonary function tests in progressive systemic sclerosis.

Serial pulmonary function tests were performed on nine patients with progressive systemic sclerosis over a mean period of ten years. Abnormality was seen to develop both early and late in the course of the disease, and the earliest abnormality observed was impairment of the transfer factor. Deterioration of some aspect of pulmonary function was noted in each case, evidence of restriction or air trapping being seen with equal frequency. Two patients died, both of causes unrelated to their pulmonary involvement, and even pronounced early involvement of the lungs did not necessarily imply a bad prognosis.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Normal values of transfer factor and transfer coefficients in healthy males and females.

A population study was performed to obtain local normal values of the transfer factor for a respiratory laboratory providing a routine hospital service. Statistical analysis of the results obtained showed similar results to those of previous investigators for the transfer factor and alveolar volume. The transfer factor was found to be dependent on height, age and sex, while the alveolar volume depended only upon height and sex. Unlike previous investigations, however, the present study showed that the transfer coefficient was the same for women as for men and was related solely to age.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1979

Two doses of triprolidine for treatment of allergic rhinitis.

Two doses of triprolidine (2.5 mg t.i.d. and 1.25 mg t.i.d.) were compared with placebo in 32 patients suffering from allergic rhinitis. Triprolidine 2.5 mg t.i.d. was statistically significantly better than placebo (p less than 0.05) in reducing the symptoms of sneezing and eye irritation. Neither dose of triprolidine produced significant drowsiness during the second week of treatment.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1978

Histamine challenge and anterior nasal rhinometry: their use in the assessment of pseudoephedrine and triprolidine as nasal decongestants in subjects with hayfever.

1 Nasal airway resistance (NAR) was measured by anterior rhinometry in ten volunteers with allergic rhinitis. Measurements before and after challenge with three concentrations of histamine diphosphate showed significant rises in NAR for each challenge. 2 In a double-blind, crossover study with the same patients triprolidine (2.5 mg) and pseudoephedrine (60 mg) were shown to be equally effective in reducing the rise in NAR produced by histamine challenge to one nostril; both were significantly better than placebo. 3 The rise in NAR of both nostrils after histamine challenge to one nostril was significantly reduced after pseudoephedrine compared with placebo. This suggests that pseudoephedrine is effective in preventing reflex mucosal congestion in the unchallenged nostril. 4 No increase in the pulse rate or blood pressure of the volunteers was detected after either drug.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

Comparison of the effects of D-(-)-ephedrine and L-(+)-pseudoephedrine on the cardiovascular and respiratory systems in man.

1 In a preliminary double-blind trial the effects of ephedrine and pseudoephedrine on the blood pressure and heart rate of resting healthy volunteers were compared. Ephedrine 60 or 90 mg were required to raise the diastolic blood pressure above 90 mmHg, whereas 210 or 240 mg pseudoephedrine were required to produce the same effect. 2 In a second double-blind trial, patients with reversible airways obstruction were given 60 mg ephedrine or 210 mg pseudoephedrine and the effects on forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1) compared. Both isomers produced some bronchodilation, but the effect of pseudoephedrine was less than half that of ephedrine. 3 The reasons for these differences between the isomers are discussed and the efficacy of pseudoephedrine as a nasal decongestant pointed out and explained in relation to its effect on alpha-adrenoceptors in the nasal blood vessels.

Adult↗