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Biomedical subjects

D Tande

Publications and source records attributed to D Tande.

8 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2000

Dopaminergic innervation of the subthalamic nucleus in the normal state, in MPTP-treated monkeys, and in Parkinson's disease patients.

The existence of a dopaminergic innervation of the subthalamic nucleus (STN) has been demonstrated in rats but has remained controversial in primates. The aim of the present study was first to demonstrate the existence of a dopaminergic innervation of the STN in monkeys using tracing methods and then to quantify the loss of dopaminergic fibers in the parkinsonian state in monkeys and humans. Following injection of Fluoro-Gold into the STN of a vervet monkey (Cercopithecus aethiops), retrogradely labeled neurons were found to be scattered in all dopaminergic areas of the mesencephalon. Injection of biotin dextran amine into dopaminergic areas A8 and A9 of two monkeys resulted in anterogradely labeled axons located throughout the whole extent of the STN. Labeled axons that also expressed tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) were reconstructed from serial sections. Some terminal axonal arborizations had profuse branching and occupied much of the STN, and others were restricted to small portions of the nucleus. In TH-immunoreactive sections, numerous sparse, fine, and varicose TH-positive fibers were observed in the STN of normal monkeys and humans. Quantification of these TH-positive fibers revealed a 51% loss of TH-positive fibers in MPTP-intoxicated monkeys and a 65% loss in Parkinson's disease patients compared with their respective controls. These findings demonstrate the existence of a dopaminergic innervation of the STN in primates. The loss of dopaminergic innervation in MPTP-intoxicated monkeys and in Parkinson's disease patients may directly affect the activity of STN neurons and could participate in the hyperactivity of the structure.

Aged↗
PubMed1993

[Fulminant pneumococcal septicemia in a splenectomized child despite vaccination and chemoprophylaxis: necessity for education of the entourage].

A splenectomized three-year-old developed fulminant pneumococcal septicemia despite immunization and chemoprophylaxis. The course was rapidly fatal. Fulminant pneumococcal septicemia mainly affects splenectomized individuals and is associated with very substantial mortality. Immunization prior to splenectomy and daily prophylactic oral penicillin have partial preventive efficacy. Other useful measures include carrying a health status card and inpatient antimicrobial therapy in the event of fever. The need for these precautions should be repeatedly discussed with the child's parents and physician.

Bacteremia↗
PubMed1992

[Pulmonary pasteurellosis in a young patient with multiple trauma].

A case is reported of an 18-year-old male patient who had a road traffic accident, with head and chest injuries. The patient was admitted to the surgical intensive care unit 24 h later because of an alteration of his level of consciousness. He required artificial ventilation. Five days later, he developed right-sided lower lobe pneumonia, treated with positive end-expiratory pressure. A Gram negative organism was found on bronchial brushing, but not in haemocultures. It was identified as Pasteurella multocida, sensitive to beta-lactamines, but not to amikacin. Cefotaxime, which had been started immediately after the arrival of the Gram stain result, was continued. Artificial ventilation was discontinued on day 12, and the patient left the unit on day 15. The patient was probably a P. multocida carrier, being in close contact with animals before his accident. This bacteria is often found in infected animal bite wounds. Pneumonia due to this bacteria usually occurs in immunodepressed patients, which was not the case here.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1984

[Study of blood T-lymphocyte subpopulations in ankylosing spondylarthritis using monoclonal antibodies].

Blood T lymphocyte subpopulations were studied by using various monoclonal antibodies in 20 patients with ankylosing spondylitis (AS) and in 20 age and sex matched controls. A significant decrease in OKT4 (p less than 0.04) and OKT8 (p less than 0.02) lymphocytes was demonstrated in AS patients. OKT4 cells were significantly decreased (p less than 0.02) in patients with a severe ankylosis and in those with the longest disease duration. This decrease was not explained by older ages. Thus there was an negative correlation between OKT4 cell ratio and disease duration. No modification in T cell subpopulations was noted when considering HLA B27 positivity or disease activity.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Immune complexes and autoantibodies in patients with giant cell arteritis and their relationship with autologous rosette-forming cells.

Serologic studies and lymphocyte analysis were carried out in 29 patients with giant cell arteritis (GCA). IgA-containing circulating immune complexes (CIC) were detected in 16 GCA patients with or without polymyalgia rheumatica (55%). A significant difference was demonstrated in autologous rosette-forming cells between the patients as a whole, and matched controls (8.6 +/- 2.0 vs 11.6 +/- 2.4, p less than 0.001), and also between patients with and patients without CIC (7.9 +/- 1.6 vs 9.4 +/- 2.0, p less than 0.001).

Aged↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Immune evaluation in oncologic surgery].

Immunity-linked cells include the lymphocytes and phagocytes. The former can be counted by the rosette techniques or by monoclonal antibodies, while for the latter their function is determined mainly. Good correction has been demonstrated, for example, between the number of so-called E active rosettes and both tumor extension and patient survival. The surgical act itself exaggerates the satellite anomalies of the cancer, but in any case it is followed by immunotherapy which justifies a second application of immunologic techniques.

B-Lymphocytes↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[The value of antibiotic prophylaxis in transurethral resection of bladder tumors. Apropos of 61 cases].

In order to define the value of antibiotic prophylaxis, we conducted a prospective, randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled study in 61 patients undergoing transurethral resection (TUR) of a bladder lesion suspected to be neoplastic. 32 patients received a single dose of 800 mg of pefloxacin at the time of anaesthetic induction and 29 patients received placebo. All patients had sterile preoperative urine and none had received any antibiotics during the fortnight preceding the operation. 3 patients in the pefloxacin group (9.4%) developed postoperative bacteriuria versus 7 in the placebo group (24.1%) (no statistically significant difference). No patient developed symptomatic urinary tract infection. We conclude that antibiotic prophylaxis is not indicated during TUR for bladder tumours.

Aged↗