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Biomedical subjects

D Taverner

Publications and source records attributed to D Taverner.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1984

Acute ventilatory failure and myoglobinuria.

The prognosis of myoglobinuria is good even when acute renal failure occurs. We describe two patients who died from acute ventilatory failure due to myopathic involvement of the respiratory muscles. This rare complication of myoglobinuria has a high mortality despite ventilatory support.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1984

Hypertension produced by chemical renal medullectomy or partial nephrectomy in the rat: comparison of renal function and plasma volume.

Glomerular filtration rate, plasma volume and intra-arterial blood pressure were measured in conscious rats, with hypertension induced by chemical medullectomy or partial nephrectomy and compared with those in sham treated normal rats. Both medullectomy and partial nephrectomy caused a similar rise in blood pressure. Hypertension produced by partial nephrectomy was associated with plasma volume expansion but after chemical medullectomy there was a marked hypovolaemia. These results suggest that volume expansion plays no part in chemical medullectomy hypertension but are in keeping with the hypothesis that the renal medulla releases a vasodepressor substance which plays an important role in the maintenance of normal blood pressure.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

Predictors of renal function in diabetic and non-diabetic renal disease.

Forty-two patients with renal disease due to diabetic nephropathy (14 patients), tubulointerstitial disease (14 patients) and glomerular disease (14 patients) underwent measurement of glomerular filtration rate (GFR) by the 51Cr-EDTA 'one-shot' method and simultaneous serum beta 2-microglobulin, serum creatinine and creatinine clearance estimation. Serum creatinine was a significantly better predictor of GFR than serum beta 2-microglobulin in patients with diabetic nephropathy, whereas both methods were equally useful predictors of GFR in non-diabetic renal disease. Serum creatinine measurement remains the best method for detecting early reduction of GFR on a serum sample.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Chemical renal medullectomy and experimental hypertension.

The possible vasodepressor role of the renal medulla was studied by chemical medullectomy (i.v. bromoethylamine hydrobromide) in rats. A significant increase in blood pressure (BP) was observed 10 weeks after injection which related to the increase in urinary volume and decrease in urinary prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) in medullectomised rats, but not to plasma renin concentration (PRC). Creatinine clearance was unchanged. The differences between control and medullary damaged rats were maintained over a wide range of sodium intakes although the patterns of response were similar in the two groups. The increase in BP observed following renal medullectomy is likely to be secondary to a reduction in interstitial cell function.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

Chemical renal medullectomy: effect on blood pressure in normal rats.

The renal medulla may have a vasodepressor function in blood pressure control. We have studied the effect of selective ablation of the medulla produced with 2-bromoethylamine hydrobromide on blood pressure in the rat. Increasing doses of bromoethylamine produced a corresponding degree of histological damage. Five weeks after medullary ablation intra-arterial blood pressure was elevated only in those groups of animals which had confluent necrosis of the papilla. The degree of hypertension was not related to plasma renin concentration but showed a significant correlation with urinary prostaglandin E2 excretion. Hypertension in medullectomized animals is probably due to a loss of a medullary vasodepressor function.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

Improvement of renal function during long-term treatment of severe hypertension with minoxidil.

Sixty-nine patients with refractory hypertension were treated with minoxidil and in 66 good control of blood pressure was achieved. Renal function was stabilized in 31 patients in whom the serum creatinine was normal at presentation. Twenty-eight patients with impaired renal function had a substantial fall in serum creatinine (25 per cent) during the first three to six months of treatment and this improvement was maintained. In contrast, renal function in six out of seven patients with primary renal disease continued to deteriorate despite adequate control of blood pressure. Effective control of blood pressure prevents or reverses impairment of renal function in patients with refractory hypertension not associated with primary renal disease.

Blood Pressure↗
PubMed1982

Massive bleeding from the ileum: a late complication of pelvic radiotherapy.

Recurrent massive hemorrhage from the ileum as a late complication of radiotherapy has not previously been documented. We describe two patients with a history of pelvic radiotherapy 18 months and 11 yr before, in whom the source of melena was localized to the small bowel preoperatively. Characteristic serosal appearances of ileal radiation injury were present at laparotomy and resection of the terminal ileum controlled the hemorrhage. Pathological study revealed no ulceration but multiple telangiectatic vessels in the tips of mucosal villi. This cause should be considered in patients with obscure gastrointestinal bleeding previously exposed to pelvic radiotherapy.

Aged↗
PubMed1975

Bell's palsy.

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Adult↗
PubMed1971

Comparison of corticotrophin and prednisolone in treatment of idiopathic facial paralysis (Bell's palsy).

In a controlled trial of the effects of intramuscular corticotrophin and oral prednisolone in the treatment of acute Bell's palsy 186 successive patients with idiopathic facial palsy were grouped for age and duration of palsy. They were then allocated at random to either corticotrophin or prednisolone therapy in pairs. The results were:(1) 94 received corticotrophin and 32 developed some degree of denervation and 92 received prednisolone and 13 developed some degree of denervation (P <0.005); (2) six of the corticotrophin group became severely denervated (less than 50% recovery) compared with none of the prednisolone group (P <0.02); (3) the best results were obtained in the younger patients (less than 45 years old) treated on the first or second day of palsy; and (4) side effects were minimal.It is concluded that oral prednisolone is the treatment of choice for idiopathic facial (Bell's) palsy.

Administration, Oral↗