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Biomedical subjects

D Teculescu

Publications and source records attributed to D Teculescu.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1984

[Obstruction of the peripheral airways : clinical aspects, radiological picture, therapeutic impact].

Peripheral airways obstruction (PAO) is a pathophysiologic syndrome combining normal values of the usual tests (one-second forced expiratory volume, airway resistance) and abnormalities of "sensitive" tests (dynamic compliance, closing volume, forced expiratory flows, response to helium-oxygen mixtures). Clinical data are scarce, and the radiological aspects nonspecific. The natural history of the PAO is not fully understood. Therapeutic measures could be useful, but their efficacy was not yet systematically evaluated. From the theoretic point of view, the notion of bronchiolar obstruction is important in as much as it represents the initial phase of any obstructive process. In practice, the detection of a PAO identifies the "at risk" subject allowing the application of efficient preventive measures.

Humans↗
PubMed1984

[Quality control of spirographic examinations in a health center].

A quality control of spirographic examinations in a health centre was carried out by repeating, after a fortnight's interval, measures of vital capacity (CV) and FEV1 (VEMS) in 629 subject of both sexes, aged 18 to 62. Water spirometers were used and their cylinders were regularly calibrated. The first series of spirographic measurements were made during a routine health check (which included other examinations) by 7 technicians who usually do the work, while the second series of measurements was made of fortnight later by the most experienced three. The overall mean values show a significant difference for vital capacity between the first and second measurement; this difference was so for young male subjects (less than 30 years). The scatter was greater for subjects over 50 years of age. The varied results observed for the same subjects obtained by two different technicians, or the same technician, underlines the fact that the scatter of the results depends largely on the technician even though spirographic tests are classically considered easy to perform.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1982

Square-wave endurance exercise test (SWEET) for training and assessment in trained and untrained subjects. III. Effect on VO2 max and maximal ventilation.

The effect of training on VO2 max, endurance capacity (EC) and ventilation during maximal exercise (VE max) were studied in 17 normal subjects aged 21--51 years. At the beginning of the study 11 of the subjects (eight women and three men) were untrained (U) and six others (three women and three men) trained regulatory (T). A maximal intensity exercise (on a cycle ergometer) which could be sustained for 45 min (MIE45) was performed three times per week for 6 weeks; the total mechanical work (TMW) corresponding to the MIE45 per session varied between 3.14 and 9.24 kJ . kg-1. Before training, VO2 max (a), VEmax (b), and TMW (c) were higher in T than in U subjects. Training increased these variables in most of the subjects; the increase being significantly higher (mean +/- SEM) in U (a = +29.9 +/- 3.8%; b = 49.6 +/- 6.5%; c = 47 +/- 6.9%) than in T subjects (a = 6.6 +/- 3.8%; b = 17.5 +/- 3.6+; c = 19.1 +/- 2.8%). In all but three cases the % increase of TMW was higher than that of VO2 max, suggesting a higher sensitivity of TMW in measuring EC. The significant increase in VE max, maximal voluntary ventilation, peak flows (inspiratory and expiratory) and static maximum voluntary ventilation, peak flows (inspiratory and expiratory) and static maximum pressures indicate that this training protocol improves in healthy subjects the performance of respiratory muscles as well.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

Influence of panting frequency on plethysmographic measurements of thoracic gas volume.

Using an integrated flow pressure-corrected body plethysmograph we obtained total lung capacities (TLC) derived from thoracic gas volumes measured at low, medium, and high panting frequencies in 10 healthy men and in 13 patients with chronic airflow obstruction before and after an aerosol of albuterol. Using a gastric balloon we also assessed gastric-to-mouth pressure ratios (delta Pga/delta Pm). In patients before albuterol, estimated TLC remained unchanged from low to medium and increased (not significantly) from medium to high frequency. Healthy subjects and patients after albuterol showed a significant decrease in TLC from low to medium panting frequencies, which persisted after correcting the data for abdominal gas compression using observed delta Pga/delta Pm. In patients after albuterol the results may be explained, at least in part, by intrathoracic airway compliance and mechanical inhomogeneity of the lung. In healthy subjects a remote possibility is the association of mechanical inhomogeneity and nonuniform pleural pressure.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

[Peripheral airway obstruction involving cardiovascular factors. A case report (author's transl)].

A patient with pronounced dyspnoea and cyanosis was found to have severe hypoxaemia with normal spirographic values. His past history included arterial hypertension, myocardial infarction and phlebitis of the lower limb. Airways resistance was normal, but maximal expiratory flow rates at low lung volume (Flow-volume curves) were reduced, suggesting "peripheral" airways obstruction. This was confirmed by the presence of pulmonary hyperinflation and mechanical non-homogeneity accompanied by unevenly distributed ventilation, as shown by alveolar nitrogen gradient. There was marked hyperventilation with hypocapnia. Since transfer values (measured by the CO single-breath method) and lung distensibility values were normal, emphysema could be ruled out as a cause of obstruction. Analysis of pressure-flow relationship confirmed that the obstruction of peripheral airways was "intrinsic" in character. It could be due to an increase in lung extravascular fluid (interstitial oedema due to left cardiac failure), or to repeated micro-emboli in the lungs, or to hypocapnia, these three mechanisms possibly being associated.

Aged↗
PubMed1975

Smoking habits in Romania.

The main aspects and consequences of tobacco use resulting from a series of field surveys in Romania are reviewed. The proportion of smokers in middle-aged adults is about 10 per cent for women and 40 to 50 per cent for men. Cigarettes are practically the only form of tobacco consumed--cigars are very rarely smoked and pipe-smoking accounts for less than 1 per cent of tobacco use. Less than 10 per cent of smokers use more than 25 cigarettes a day. Age at starting to smoke is low, with a quarter of smokers taking up the habit by the age of 15. Ninety per cent of the smokers admit to inhaling, and about half the men and nearly all the women smoke filter cigarettes.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1975

Recent progress in the study of occupational lung diseases in Romania.

This paper reviews studies of occupational lung diseases in Romania in the last two decades. Work concerned with the effects of exposure to textile fibres, irritant gases and fumes in the chemical industry, welding fumes, asbestos, cadmium oxide, and the relation between dust exposure, pneumoconiosis, and chronic bronchitis is briefly presented.

Asbestosis↗