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Biomedical subjects

D Templeman

Publications and source records attributed to D Templeman.

13 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2003

The semantic category effect increases with worsening anomia in Alzheimer's type dementia.

A large number of patients (n=72) with probable Alzheimer's type dementia (DAT) and mild cognitive impairment (MCI) carried out a picture naming task which comprised stimuli from biological and nonbiological categories. The results were stratified into five ranges of overall naming ability. Every group except those with scores within the range of elderly normal individuals demonstrated better nonbiological naming than biological naming, an effect which increased with worsening impairment. In general, patients diagnosed with other dementia (n=15) did not fit well within the pattern of the DAT/MCI participants, except those known to have a significant semantic impairment. A category effect favoring nonbiological items appears to be robust and produce a predictable pattern across progressive levels of impairment in AD.

Aged↗
PubMed2000

Acetabular fracture.

A twenty-eight-year-old female bicyclist was struck by a car. Associated injuries after trauma work-up included a splenic laceration that is to be treated with observation and a history of loss of consciousness with a negative head CT. X-rays and representative CT scan cuts are enclosed.

Accidents, Traffic↗
PubMed1997

Decision making errors in the use of interlocking tibial nails.

Seventy-one fractures of the tibial shaft were treated with interlocking intramedullary nails. None of the fractures were treated with static locking of the intramedullary nails. These 71 fractures were studied to determine whether certain fracture patterns are prone to loss of alignment when static interlocking is not used. Loss of alignment was defined as shortening of 1 cm or more and/or change in angulation of at least 5 degrees. Loss of alignment occurred in eight of the 71 (11%) fractures. Shortening and/or angulation occurred in seven of 22 spiral and short oblique fractures, and in none of 27 transverse fracture patterns. It was concluded that the dynamically locked and nonlocked modes of intramedullary nailing should not be used in the stabilization of spiral and oblique fractures of the tibial shaft.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1996

Internal fixation of displaced fractures of the sacrum.

The results of internal fixation in 30 patients with displaced fractures of the sacrum were retrospectively reviewed. All fractures were displaced at least 1 cm. Neurologic injuries occurred in 40% (12 of 30) patients. In 17 patients who underwent open reduction, the preoperative displacement averaged 24 mm and the postoperative displacement averaged 4 mm. In the 13 patients in whom percutaneous fixation was done, the preoperative displacement averaged 15 mm and the postoperative displacement averaged 5 mm. All 30 fractures united. This review of 30 patients with displaced sacral fractures suggests that open reduction and iliosacral screw fixation leads to better reduction of the fracture site than does closed reduction and percutaneous fixation. Functional assessment indicated that the presence of a neurologic injury is the most important predictor of compromised outcome in patients with displaced sacral fractures.

Activities of Daily Living↗
PubMed1996

Proximity of iliosacral screws to neurovascular structures after internal fixation.

The placement of iliosacral screws for the stabilization of pelvic ring lesions is technically demanding. The postoperative computed tomography scans of 31 patients who had 57 iliosacral screws placed for various indications were studied to determine the proximity of these screws to neurovascular structures. The closest distance of the screws from the S1 foramen averaged 3 mm. (range, 0-10.5 mm); the average closest distance to the anterior cortex of the sacral ala was 4.8 mm (range, 0-15.3 mm). The corridor for the insertion of the screws between the S1 foramen and the anterior cortex of the sacrum averaged 21.7 mm (range, 16.2-28.9 mm). Trigonometric analysis of these dimensions suggests that deviations of the surgeon's hand by as little as 4 degrees may direct iliosacral screws either into the S1 foramina or through the anterior cortex of the sacrum.

Bone Screws↗
PubMed1995

Exchange reamed intramedullary nailing for delayed union and nonunion of the tibia.

Twenty-eight tibial fractures, initially treated with nonreamed interlocking nails, were exchanged to reamed intramedullary nails to promote union. Initially, there were 8 closed fractures with compartment syndromes; 5 Type 2 open fractures; 6 Type 3 A injuries; and 6 Type 3B injuries. Exchange nailing was performed if followup radiographs did not show callus formation between 3 and 5 months after injury. Originally, 16 of the 28 nailings were statistically locked. Twenty-five of 27 fractures united after exchange nailing. In 2 patients with bone loss, additional bone grafting was required. Infection developed in 3 patients after exchange nailing (11%). Exchange nailing is a useful method to promote union of tibial fractures when slow consolidation occurs after initial treatment with a nonreamed nail. This method should be combined with autogenous bone grafting in patients with bone loss. The procedure is safe and effective in closed and minor open fractures; however, caution should be exercised in patients with prior Grade 3B open fractures because of the risk of infection.

Bone Nails↗
PubMed1994

Compartment syndrome of the lower extremity.

Compartment syndrome is a devastating consequence of extremity trauma that is preventable with early recognition and treatment. A high index of suspicion and careful clinical evaluation will detect most impending or established compartment syndromes. Compartmental pressure measurements can be a useful adjunctive evaluation. Once the diagnosis of compartment syndrome is confirmed, or highly suspect, fasciotomy should be performed without delay. The functional and cosmetic results of fasciotomy are always acceptable if done early. The results of inadequate treatment of compartment syndrome are never satisfactory.

Compartment Syndromes↗
PubMed1987

Lower-extremity compartment syndromes associated with use of pneumatic antishock garments.

Pneumatic antishock garments (PASG) are frequently used to initially support and manage traumatic hypovolemic shock. PASG have been implicated in the development of complicating compartment syndromes of the lower extremities, but cause and effect have not been clearly defined. The present report documents the occurrence of bilateral compartment syndromes in uninjured lower extremities after using PASG and reviews similar reported cases.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

Effect of capsaicin on electrical slow waves in the isolated cat colon.

Because of the laxative effect of capsaicin, we examined the effect of that agent on the electromyogram of the isolated cat colon. At a concentration of 10(-4)M, it caused a significant reduction in the frequency of the electrical slow waves in the proximal half of the colon. Frequency fell to its lowest value, 45% of control (P less than 0-001), in the most proximal 10% of the organ below the ileocecal junction, and the effect progressively diminished along the colon. In the distal half of the colon, the change in frequency was not significant. Sectioning of the colon into segments reduced the frequency of the slow waves in the proximal half of the colon, and capsaicin, in a concentration of 10(-4)M, further reduced the frequency in the segments representing the proximal 30% of the colon. This effect of capsaicin is like that reported previously with other laxative agents.

Animals↗