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Biomedical subjects

D Thiam

Publications and source records attributed to D Thiam.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1999

[Biermer's disease without anemia: apropos of 2 cases manifested as glossitis with macrocytosis].

Although it is recognized that glossitis is a classical sign of pernicious anemia, occurring in the evolution of this disease, it is unfrequent for this sign to reveal this affection. We report two cases where diagnosis was evacuated on the presence of glossitis and macrocytosis despite absence of anemia. Confirmation was done by low serum cobalamin level, gastritis atrophy and presence of intrinsic factor antibody. We emphasize that increased clinical suspicion may lead to early diagnosis even if anemia is lacking.

Aged↗
PubMed1999

[Complement and serum immunoglobulins in homozygous and heterozygous sickle cell anemia in Senegal].

Sickle cell disease is an hereditary hemoglobinopathy syndrome which provokes deglobulization crisis and infectious complications. These infectious diseases may be due to a permanent activation of the immune system. The aim of our study was to explore alternative pathway by measuring C3 complement and the classical pathway by C4 complement. The level of immunoglobulins IgA, IgG and IgM was also measured in the subjects sera. Thirty homozygous sickle cell anemia (SS), 25 heterozygous (AS) and 34 controls subjects (AA) were recruited in the Hôpital d'Enfants Albert Royer (HEAR), Fann hospital and Centre National de Transfusion Sanguine (CNTS). Radial Immunodiffusion (RID) technics using specific antisera for C3c, C4c, IgA, IgG and IgM were used in our study. Homozygous SS proved an increase level of IgA (50%, p < 0.003) and IgG (47%, p < 0.003), unlike of IgM level. The C3c complement decrease significantly in (27%) of homozygous SS patients (p < 0.0005) unlike of C4c level. This low level of C3 and IgG in sickle cell homozygous patients can explain the higher susceptibility to infection in these patients. Normal level of C4 and low level of C3 show activation of alternative pathway. Heterozygous AS showed a normal level of C4, C3 and immunoglobulins. Our results suggests a direct involvement of the complement system in sickle cell disease and the depletion of C3 registered was a possible cause of increased susceptibility to infections in patients with homozygous sickle cell anemia.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1999

[Homozygous drepanocytosis in Dakar: effect of the hemoglobin F level, and sociocultural and economic factors].

Sickle cell anemia exhibits significant variations in clinical presentation in different populations despite the homogeneity of the genetic defect which is involved. Genetic modulation of this disease is known but cannot explain alone such observations. Our objectives were to determine the effects of Hb F level, sociocultural and economic factors on disease severity in Dakar. Sixty homozygous sickle cell patients were followed up between october 1996 and April 1998 during which period the severity of the disease was assessed and a "severity index" was calculated for each patient. The factors which were identified with proved benefit were: Hb F > 15%, a high socioeconomic level, a good understanding of the disease, at least 4 medical visits per year. These results allow us to identify some potential targets to improve preventive and curative care of this disease.

Adult↗
PubMed1997

Presenting features at diagnosis and complications of hemophilia in Dakar: apropos of 25 cases.

In order to describe the presenting features at diagnosis and complications of hemophilia in Dakar, we conducted a study of hospital records between October 1991 and January 1993. Twenty-five cases of hemophilia were identified. We found that only 4% of our patients were diagnosed in the first 6 months of life whereas 64% of patients were diagnosed between 6 months and 5 years of age, 32% were detected between 5 years and 14 years of age. The presenting feature at diagnosis was external bleeding in 60% of cases and internal bleeding in 40%. 92% of cases were hemophilia type A and only 8% hemophilia type B. 56% of patients had mild hemophilia, 40% moderate and only 4% severe disease. Hemophiliac arthropathy was present on radiography in 76%. Complications were dominated by repeated joint bleeding, which was present in 92% of patients, and repeated hematomas (80% of patients). A functional handicap was present in 60% of cases. 12% of transfused hemophiliacs developed an inhibitor and 4% of patients were HIV positive. Greater awareness of hemophilia amongst the medical community as well as continued efforts to improve care for hemophiliacs in Senegal are necessary.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1996

Epidemiology and therapy of malignant hemopathies in Senegal.

The objectives of this study were to determine the prevalence of malignant hemopathies among patients in Dakar hospital and to examine the current methods of treatment in Senegal. A retrospective analysis of patients diagnosed in Dakar hospitals from 1st January 1986 to 31st December 1992 revealed 210 cases of malignant hemopathies, but only 155 patient records were retrieved (73.8%). The prevalence of malignant hemopathies was 7/1000 and males were predominant with a sex ratio of 1.6 (p = 0.0001). Acute leukaemias (AL) appeared mainly in young people with a mean age of occurrence of 18.8 years, while immunoproliferative syndromes (IS) and myeloproliferative syndromes (MS) were mostly found in adults with respective mean ages of occurrence of 38.9 and 38.7 years (p = 0.000004 AL vs IS, p = 0.00001 AL vs MS). Concerning therapy, 14.2% of patients died without treatment and 26.1% received only symptomatic treatment. Chemotherapy was employed in 61% of cases, complete remission being obtained in 20.6% of these patients but of no remission in the remaining 79.4%. Mean survival was 2 months for AL, 5 months for IS and 6 months for MS. Close collaboration between haematologists and clinicians and creation of a specialized clinical haematology department will be necessary to overcome current difficulties in the treatment of these affections.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

[Antithrombin ii in eclampsia: estimation of predictive value].

We have observed in our study that antithrombin III activity decreases very significatively in eclampsia (p < 0.0001). A level of 90% was defined as a threshold. All the rates which are under or equal to 90% have 78.3% as a positive predictive value and those over 90% have a 98.7% as a negative predictive value for the overcoming of eclampsia. We have concluded that the 90% antithrombin III activity represents the alarm level for over coming eclamptic crises. The determination of the antithrombin III activity must be systematically done in every hypertensive pregnancy with proteinuria.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Secretion of tumor necrosis factor-alpha by fresh human acute nonlymphoblastic leukemic cells: role in the disappearance of normal CFU-GM progenitors.

The disappearance of normal hematopoiesis during acute nonlymphoblastic leukemia (ANLL) is poorly understood. Several reports indicate that conditioned medium obtained from leukemic cells might inhibit the formation of normal hematopoietic progenitors. However, these blast-conditioned medium (BCM) inhibitory activities are not well characterized. In order to evaluate whether BCM might contain an activity inhibiting the growth of normal marrow progenitors, BCM from 13 consecutive patients with ANLL were tested on normal bone marrow in methylcellulose assays. In all the cases, a significant inhibition of the growth of granulocyte-macrophage colony-forming unit (CFU-GM) progenitors was observed, whereas erythroid burst-forming unit (BFU-E) progenitors were not affected. Further characterization of the BCM inhibitory activity showed using both a biological assay and RIA, the presence of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) in 10 out of 13 BCM. Northern blot analysis performed in six patients showed a correlation between the expression of TNF-alpha mRNA by leukemic cells and the presence of TNF-alpha in BCM. Moreover, the BCM inhibitory activity could be neutralized with an anti-TNF-alpha antiserum. These data indicate that leukemic cells express and release frequently TNF-alpha, which may therefore play an important role in the inhibition of granulopoiesis during leukemia.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

[In vitro effects of Fagaro xanthoxyloïdes Lam. on drepanocytic erythrocytes].

Study of the effect of acquious extract of Fagara xanthoxyloids Lam on the red blood corpuscles of 17 drepanocytics (SS) and 3 carriers of the trait (AS) showed drepanocyte reversibility with a residual level of 7%, an increase in the haemoglobin jellification time to 25 mn. 15 sec. (as compared to 9 mn. 57 sec.) and a shortening of red corpuscle filtration time from the normal 24.65 sec. to 9.6 sec. In a way as yet not understood, Fagara, like pentoxiphyllin, improves the rheological properties of drepanocytary blood.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

[Antithrombin III in the Senegalese diabetic].

The chronometric method was applied to 141 diabetics and 151 reference subjects from both sexes aged between 19 and 60 years, all of Black race and Senegalese nationality, to study the effects of Antithrombin III (AT III). A significant reduction in the physiological activity of antithrombin III (AT III) was observed for ages 36-45 and 56-60 and correlated with obesity and other complications. With our patients, insulin dependence does not seem provoke any reduction in antithrombin III's effectiveness.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

RH polymorphism in the Senegalese population.

RH polymorphism was evaluated in Senegalese ethnic groups: Ouolof, Serere, Toucouleur, Peul, Diola and Mande. The cDe frequency was high, the cde frequency varied between groups and the cDE frequency was twice as high as the CDe frequency. No significant heterogeneity could be assessed between tribes. Nevertheless, cluster analysis disclosed the same pattern in Diola, Toucouleur and Ouolof, while the Peul were intermediary between these and the Serere and the Mande.

Ethnicity↗
PubMed1989

[CD4+ and CD8+ lymphocyte subpopulations in bone marrow deficiency anemias].

The study of CD4-CD8 lymphocytary sub-populations in 13 anaemic patients led the authors to note an increase in the CD8+ population in 61.5% of the cases, which resulted in the inversion of their CD4/CD8 ratio. This increase in the CD8 sub-population is connected with marrow-deficient anaemia, which leads them to suggest that marrow-deficient anaemia could well be classified according to the lymphocytary sub-populations.

Anemia↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Prevalence of antiphospholipid antibodies in patients with sickle cell disease].

Structural abnormalities in erythrocyte membrane are more and more claimed as a determinant factor in the sickle cell disease pathogenesis. This being would have been provided by a new anionic phospholipids distribution and conformation. Phosphatidyl-serine exposing and phosphatidic acid enhancing would induce specific immunoglobulins synthesis. In this study, assessment of antiphospholipid antibodies prevalence was carried out among sickle cell trait patients (n = 35) and homozygous patients (n = 59) as compared to healthy subjects (n = 39). Antiphospholipid antibodies, assayed by ELISA procedure, were significantly higher among the homozygous patients than the sickle cell trait patients ones and highlighted as compared to healthy subjects. Pathologic data were only observed among homozygous patients. These specific antibodies, associated with thrombosis and haemolysis, would have constitute a morbid link and a therapeutic target of this sickness, dominated by homodynamic troubles.

Anemia, Sickle Cell↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Relation between lupus-antiphospholipids antibodies and heart disorders].

BACKGROUND AND AIM: Antiphospholipids antibodies (APL) are autoantibodies found in lupus erythematosus and disorders like. Their frequency varies between 2 and 62% according to the literature. An increased frequency of cardiac disorders in antiphospholipids (APL) positive lupus has been reported. The aim of our study was to evaluate the role of APL as an independent risk factor of cardiac disorders in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus. MATERIAL AND METHOD: A prospective study during 14 months has been designed with the cooperation of dermatologic, internal medicine and cardiology departments of the Aristide Le Dantec hospital of Dakar. Platelets count (Beckmann Coulter analyzer), activated partial thromboplastin time (Diagnostiga stago analyzer) and antiphospholipids antibodies (Elisa) were determined. RESULTS: 37 patients affected by lupus were included in this study with a net feminine prevalence (89%); 8 (14.6%) had APL's significant results and 20 presented an echographic heart abnormality. The analysis of our data did not reveal an increased risk of cardiac diseases among APL positive lupic patients as compared to the negative group (p = 1). CONCLUSION: The presence of APL in patients with systemic lupus does not so seem to be an independant risk factor of heart diseases.

Adolescent↗