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Biomedical subjects

D V Thomas

Publications and source records attributed to D V Thomas.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2005

Paradoxical embolization via a patent foramen ovale following acute pulmonary embolism.

The foramen ovale is usually obliterated following establishment of the adult circulation but remains patent in 25% of individuals. This potential communication between the venous and arterial circulations can allow thromboembolic material to bypass the lungs and enter the systemic circulation. We report two cases of paradoxical embolization through a patent foramen ovale following acute large pulmonary embolism (PE) and discuss the factors that predispose to paradoxical embolization following PE.

Adult↗
PubMed2004

Influence of stocking density on the performance, carcass characteristics and selected welfare indicators of broiler chickens.

AIM: To compare the effects of four stocking densities (5, 10, 15 or 20 birds per m2) on the performance, carcass characteristics and selected welfare indicators of broiler chickens. METHODS: A total of 756 day-old male broiler chicks were assigned as six replicates of 13, 25, 38 and 50 birds per pen, to stocking densities of 2,000, 1,000, 667 and 500 cm2 floor space per bird, respectively. The birds were housed in floor pens in an environmentally controlled room. Normal commercial diets were fed ad libitum and fresh water was freely available throughout the 5-week study period. Liveweights of birds and feed intake were recorded at weekly intervals. Data on carcass parameters and welfare indicators (moisture, gait scores, feather scores, breast and hip lesions, and foot pad and hock burns) were obtained on Day 35. Adrenal glands were removed at slaughter, weighed and examined histologically to determine the total proportion of cortical and medullary tissues. RESULTS: During the study, the birds at the lowest density grew faster (p<0.001-0.01) and consumed more (p<0.001- 0.01) feed than those at the other three stocking densities. The liveweight gains and feed intake of birds reared at densities of 10, 15 and 20 birds per m2 were similar (p=0.11-0.83 and p=0.17-0.57, respectively). Stocking density had no influence on the feed/weight gain, mortality or carcass characteristics. No breast or hip lesions were observed in carcasses from any of the groups. The weight and structure of the adrenal glands were similar across all groups although the staining of medullary tissue of birds was most intense in the highest stocking density group. As stocking density increased, so did moisture and gait score, hock and foot pad burn scores, and the feather score was adversely affected. CONCLUSIONS: The data showed that the relationship between stocking density and productivity traits was not linear in nature, in accordance with other studies. Under the conditions of the current study, the performance, mortality and carcass characteristics of broilers grown at densities of 10, 15 and 20 birds per m2 were similar. There were some welfare implications at high population densities as indicated by adverse effects on litter quality, gait scores and the incidence of hock and foot pad burns.

Journal Article↗
PubMed2003

Neoplastic transformation and tumour-like lesions in Paget's disease of bone: a pictorial review.

The development of a sarcoma is the most serious complication of Paget's disease of bone. Although its incidence is <1% of those with the underlying disease, it is important to recognise the imaging features of these tumours as Paget's disease of bone is relatively common in the ageing population in certain parts of the world. The purpose of this pictorial review is to present the imaging features of Paget's sarcoma based on one orthopaedic oncology centres experience in 49 patients; however, not all masses or destructive lesions arising in association with Paget's disease are sarcomas and not all the tumours are malignant. This review also includes other malignancies which may arise in pagetic bone as well as tumour-like manifestations of Paget's disease.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

Nutritive activity of soluble rice brain arabinoxylans in broiler diets.

1. A soluble material (703 g/kg non-starch polysaccharide, 141 g/kg starch and 166 g/kg protein) of low viscosity (termed RB-NSP), was isolated in large quantities from defatted Australian rice bran using a mild alkaline extraction and ethanol precipitation. 2. The soluble non-starch polysaccharide fraction of RB-NSP comprised arabinose (0.40 mol%), xylose (0.32 mol%) galactose (0.17 mol%), glucose (0.08 mol%) and mannose (0.03 mol%). 3. RB-NSP was included at graded concentrations (0, 20, 40 and 60 g/kg) in a sorghum/casein basal diet and the diet fed to male broilers in a classical balance trial to determine apparent metabolisable energy (AME). The AME values recorded were 13.26, 13.85, 14.26 and 14.00 MJ/kg DM with a significant correlation (r = 0.65, P < 0.001) between dietary RB-NSP inclusion rate and dietary AME. 4. Feeding RB-NSP had no effect on growth, food conversion ratio or the digestibilities of starch and protein which were both high (0.98-0.99 and 0.88-0.89, respectively). 5. It was concluded that the RB-NSP may have been a substrate for hindgut fermentation in the broiler but that it possessed no anti-nutritive activity.

Animal Feed↗
PubMed1985

[14C]-beta-phenethylamine, its distribution after administration by various routes to cats, and the effects of monoamine oxidase inhibitors.

[14C]-beta-phenethylamine [( 14C]-PEA) was instilled intragastrically, intraduodenally (i.d.) or infused into the portal vein or femoral artery of cats, anaesthetized with chloralose, to investigate its distribution in the body. [14C]-PEA and phenylacetic acid (PAA) accounted for approximately 85% of radioactivity recovered in blood from control cats or those pretreated with deprenyl or mebanazine. Progressively greater portal venous (PV), cranial mesenteric arterial (CMA) and PV-CMA concentrations of PEA and PAA were observed with increase in amount of PEA instilled intraduodenally (i.d.); PAA predominated over PEA, more so in CMA than PV blood. Radioactivity was not recovered from blood following intragastric instillation of PEA. When histamine 1.7 mumol kg-1, i.d., was combined with PEA 1.7 mumol kg-1, i.d., or tyramine 8.5 mumol kg-1, i.d., was combined with PEA 8.5 mumol kg-1, i.d., PV-CMA values for PEA were significantly augmented. Arterial concentrations of PEA were increased 3.5 to 5 fold compared to controls by pretreatment with mebanazine or deprenyl plus clorgyline; arterial concentrations of PAA were reduced. PEA blood concentrations were not significantly altered by clorgyline or deprenyl pretreatment. Infusion of PEA 680, 1020 or 1360 nmol kg-1 min-1 for 20 min into the portal vein raised blood pressure 60 to 100 mmHg (at a PEA concentration of ca, 2 nmol ml-1) but lacked effect on the nictitating membrane despite peak arterial PEA concentrations of 20 nmol ml-1; in cats pretreated with mebanazine or clorgyline plus deprenyl, half-maximum contraction of the nictitating membrane occurred with arterial PEA concentrations of 4.8 to 9 nmol ml-1. In cats pretreated with mebanazine or deprenyl plus clorgyline, half maximum contraction of the nictitating membrane was elicited also by intraduodenal PEA 8.5 mumol kg-1 at arterial PEA concentrations of ca. 2 nmol ml-1, despite lack of effect of PEA 17 mumol kg-1, i.d., in control cats with a peak arterial PEA concentration of 1.8 nmol ml-1. [14C]-PEA and PAA were recovered from liver, kidney, distal small intestine, lung, arterial vessel walls, skeletal muscle, brain, foetus and amniotic liquor, after PEA instilled i.d., overall concentration of PEA exceeding that of PAA except in the kidney. The combined amount of PEA and PAA in kidney was 7 to 20 fold that in other tissues. PEA content of tissues was significantly elevated and that of PAA diminished by pretreatment with deprenyl plus clorgyline, and to a lesser extent after mebanazine.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

A multicentre comparison of piroxicam and indomethacin in acute soft tissue sports injuries.

One hundred and five patients suffering from sport-associated soft tissue injuries were included in a randomized controlled trial comparing the efficacy and side-effects of piroxicam and indomethacin. Patients were treated for 7 days. Both groups showed a similar degree of improvement in joint tenderness, swelling and pain. Eighty-eight per cent of patients on piroxicam showed a marked or moderate improvement in their injury at the end of the trial and 79% of indomethacin-treated patients. Approximately 50% of patients in both groups resumed full activity within 7 days. One patient, in the indomethacin group, was withdrawn from treatment due to a side-effect.

Athletic Injuries↗