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Biomedical subjects

D W Boyd

Publications and source records attributed to D W Boyd.

11 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1993

Clinically inapparent hypoxemia after skeletal injury. The use of the pulse oximeter as a screening method.

The efficacy of the pulse oximeter was evaluated in lieu of multiple arterial blood gas (ABG) determinations as a screening method for the early diagnosis of hypoxemia and clinical fat embolism syndrome. A prospective analysis was performed on 43 patients with long bone and pelvic fractures without any associated chest wall, head, or intraabdominal trauma. A standard pulse oximetry reading was obtained initially within 12 hours of injury and at 24-hour intervals thereafter until the patient had been observed for 72 hours. Fifteen patients were hypoxemic with an oxygen-hemoglobin (O2-Hb) saturation less than or equal to 94%. All hypoxemic patients were evaluated by ABG measurements that demonstrated the expected correlation with the pulse oximetry readings. These patients were subsequently managed with an intensive pulmonary care regimen. Hypoxemia resolved in all patients within 48 hours of the initiation of treatment. The pulse oximeter is an efficient and reliable screening device to identify patients with clinically unrecognized hypoxemia.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Do vanadate polyanions inhibit phosphotransferase enzymes?

Decavanadate inhibits hexokinase, adenylate kinase and phosphofructokinase; neither mono-, tri nor tetrameric vanadate anion is an inhibitor. Decavanadate inhibits phosphofructokinase obtained from bacterial and protistic sources. No form of vanadium(V) anion inhibits galacto-, glycero-, pyruvate and creatine kinase, or inorganic pyrophosphatase. Decavanadate appears to be a non-competitive inhibitor of both hexokinase substrates.

Animals↗
PubMed1969

Myxoedema coma.

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Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Supracondylar fractures of the humerus: a prospective study of percutaneous pinning.

In 1981, we designed a protocol to treat displaced supracondylar fractures using a modified technique of closed reduction and percutaneous pinning. After the fracture was internally fixed, intraoperative anteroposterior (AP) radiographs of each distal humerus were compared. The reduction and pinning was accepted only if the radiographs demonstrated that Baumann's angle was < or = 4 degrees of that on the normal side. Seventy-one patients had clinical and radiographic evaluations at an average of 2 years 6 months after the operation. According to Flynn's criteria, the results were satisfactory in 70 patients and unsatisfactory in one. No patient had a cubitus varus deformity at follow-up evaluation.

Bone Nails↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Acute hemarthrosis of the knee in children.

The purpose of this study was to determine the cause of acute hemarthrosis of the knee in a prospective pediatric patient population. Between December 1988 and August 1991, 21 consecutive children who were seen with an acute traumatic hemarthrosis of the knee had an arthroscopic evaluation. The average age of the children at the time of injury was 14 years, 3 months (range, 10 to 17 years). The mechanism of injury was a torsional strain to the knee in 12 (71%) of the 17 patients who could accurately remember the injury. The initial evaluation included a history, physical examination, and anteroposterior, lateral, sunrise, and comparison radiographs. The arthroscopic procedure was performed under general anesthesia, and the arthroscopic findings were compared with preoperative findings. During arthroscopic examination, an osteochondral fracture of the lateral femoral condyle or patella was identified in 14 (67%) of the 21 patients. Preoperative radiographs failed to identify the fracture in 5 (36%) of the 14 patients who had an osteochondral fracture. The anterior cruciate ligament was visualized and probed; an injury was found in only two cases (10%). We concluded that in children an acute traumatic hemarthrosis reflects a major injury to the knee. The children in this study had a high frequency of osteochondral fractures; ACL injuries were found in only two patients. Because of the unreliable nature of radiographic evaluation, arthroscopic evaluation is a valuable tool in differential diagnosis and treatment of acute hemarthrosis of the knee.

Acute Disease↗