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Biomedical subjects

D W Jenkins

Publications and source records attributed to D W Jenkins.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1992

The effect of lower-limb anatomy on knee loads during seated cycling.

Overuse knee joint injuries are the primary injuries to cyclists. Overuse injuries have been intuitively linked to the anatomic structure of the foot because external loads are applied to the foot in cycling. Thus, the structure and function of the foot should dictate in part how the loads are transmitted to the knee joint. Therefore, it was hypothesized that patterns in knee loads are related to the anatomic structure of the foot. To test this hypothesis, peak knee loads (dependent variables) were related to anatomical variables (independent variables) through statistical analyses. This required first the detailed evaluation (i.e. measurement) of the anatomical structure of the foot and leg for 23 subjects. Next, three-dimensional knee joint loads were determined for a standardized riding condition. The results of the statistical analyses indicated that a group of cyclists with the most extreme inversion of the forefoot relative to the transverse plane developed significantly greater average posterior knee force and extensive knee moment. In addition, a number of anatomical variables significantly accounted for the variability in peak values of the posterior force, the extensive moment, the varus/valgus moment and the external axial moment. Based on these results, the hypothesis is accepted.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

Three cases of alpha 1-antitrypsin deficiency: a review of diagnostic and therapeutic strategies.

Deficiency of alpha 1-antitrypsin is an unusual cause of emphysema. This deficiency may be suspected when the age of onset and severity of disease are out of proportion to the history of inhaled agents (usually cigarette exposure). Three patients seen during a relatively short time in a private practice underscore the variability of presentation. Proper diagnosis offers such patients several benefits, particularly in view of new potential therapies.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Accuracy of radionuclide ventriculography for estimation of left ventricular volume changes and end-systolic pressure-volume relations.

Estimation of left ventricular end-systolic pressure-volume relations depends on the accurate measurement of small changes in ventricular volume. To study the accuracy of radionuclide ventriculography, paired radionuclide and contrast ventriculograms were obtained in seven dogs during a control period and when blood pressure was increased in increments of 30 mm Hg by phenylephrine infusion. The heart rate was held constant by atropine infusion. The correlation between radionuclide and contrast ventriculography was excellent. In the individual animals, the average r value for left ventricular volume was 0.96 +/- 0.03 (+/- SD) (p = 0.001, n = 7) and the mean r value for end-systolic volume changes was 0.90 +/- 0.08 (n = 7, range 0.76 to 0.99). For the entire series, there were 33 end-systolic volume changes, and there was an equally strong radionuclide-contrast correlation (r = 0.89, p less than 0.001, n = 33), even though the volume changes averaged only 11.9 +/- 8.2 ml (range 0.3 to 38.1). The systolic pressure-volume relations were linear for both radionuclide and contrast ventriculography (r = 0.98 and 0.97, respectively, n = 7). The mean slope for radionuclide ventriculography (2.9 +/- 1.4) was lower than the mean slope for contrast ventriculography (4.8 +/- 1.7) (p = 0.004); however, the slopes correlated well (r = 0.81, n = 7, p = 0.026). The radionuclide-contrast volume relation was compared using background subtraction, attenuation correction, neither of these or both. By each method, radionuclide ventriculography was valid for measuring small changes in left ventricular volume and for defining end-systolic pressure-volume relations.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

Lipoid pneumonia caused by an Oriental folk medicine.

With recognition of the problem of aspiration, mineral oil has been removed from nose drops. We have described a Thai woman who had lipoid pneumonia after instillation of a common Oriental folk medicine. At 2 1/2-year follow-up, she had persistent cough, interstitial disease, air trapping, and widened A-aDO2.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Veres needle in the pleural space.

The Veres needle is designed to allow entry into body cavities without trauma to underlying organs. Its major use has been in the induction of a pneumoperitoneum for peritoneoscopy. An initial successful evaluation of its use was in the pleural space of dogs. A subsequent analysis of complications in 69 thoracenteses using the Veres needle and 152 thoracenteses using a conventional needle favored the Veres needle (P = .05). We believe that the Veres needle is a safe and technically superior instrument for thoracentesis and that it deserves further application and study.

Evaluation Studies as Topic↗
PubMed1982

Cyanosis following right pneumonectomy: importance of patent foramen ovale.

A patient with chronic lung disease became cyanotic following right pneumonectomy for cancer. He was found to have right-to-left shunting through a patent foramen ovale in the absence of pulmonary hypertension, and he improved remarkable after surgical therapy. This case vividly illustrates the subtlety with which acquired right-to-left shunting may appear in the setting of chronic hypoxemia. The frequency of patent foramen ovale in the general population (20 percent) and the ease and efficacy of treatment for this lesion underscore the need for general awareness of this potential problem in the chronically or critically ill.

Cyanosis↗
PubMed1982

Pulmonary sarcoidosis. Long-term follow-up of the effects of steroid therapy.

Fifteen years ago we began a prospective study using alternate case treatment with prednisone in patients with pulmonary function abnormalities due to sarcoidosis. Twenty-five patients were divided into treatment and control groups that were similar in sex, age, race, degree of pulmonary dysfunction, and duration of disease. Evaluation included complete spirometric studies, single-breath carbon monoxide diffusion capacity, and arterial blood gases. Follow-up studies at six months, one to two years, and ten to 15 years show no difference between the treated and untreated groups. Improvement or deterioration in pulmonary function of individual patients in the treated group was reflected in the control group, even in those patients with a diffusing capacity and forced vital capacity less than 65 percent of predicted. Data from this long-term study fail to show any benefit of short-term use of steroids in therapy for pulmonary sarcoidosis.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

Use of irradiation in lymphomatoid granulomatosis.

A middle-aged white man with lymphomatoid granulomatosis was studied over the ten-year course of his disease. Both a large subcutaneous mass in his thigh and life-threatening massive involvement of the right lung occurred on separate occasions, and each responded to therapy with irradiation after immunosuppression failed. Irradiation should be considered as one of the primary forms of treatment of lymphomatoid granulomatosis in those with localized lesions.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

Persistent adenopathy in coccidioidomycosis: an indication for therapy.

Three patients seen recently at Wilford Hall USAF Medical Center emphasize the point that coccidioidomycosis may resemble lymphoma because of persistence of adenopathy on the chest roentgenogram after the initial infiltrate has resolved. Such a clinical picture strongly indicates dissemination and is probably sufficient reason to initiate therapy.

Adult↗
PubMed1976

Mediastinal histoplasmosis with esophageal abscess. Two case reports.

Two patients were seen with Histoplasma capsulatum infection of mediastinal nodes which had eroded into the esophagus to produce dysphagia. Fungal serologies were of value in the diagnosis in one of the patients. Both patients responded well to amphotericin B therapy. A traction diverticulum was noted to follow healing in 1 patient.

Abscess↗