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Biomedical subjects

D W Nelson

Publications and source records attributed to D W Nelson.

25 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1983

Locus of control and control perceptions and the relationship between life stress and psychological disorder.

This study tested the effects of life stress and variables hypothesized to moderate these effects using a multivariate hierarchical regression model. College undergraduates served as subjects. The variables of life stress, dispositional locus of control beliefs, perceptions of control over life event outcomes and psychological disorder were measured at two points in time. At both measurement periods, negative life events were significantly related to psychological disorder. This relationship was found even when initial psychological disorder was statistically controlled. Dispositional locus of control beliefs and control perceptions failed to moderate the effects of life events at either measurement period. Control perceptions appeared to be more a function of event characteristics than subjects' dispositional characteristics, given that these perceptions were unrelated to locus of control beliefs and that the outcomes of negative events were consistently viewed as less controllable than those of positive events. The findings support the relationship between life stress and psychological disorder but they call into question the moderating effects of locus of control beliefs and perceptions of control over life event outcomes.

Adaptation, Psychological↗
PubMed1982

Peer review of psychodynamic psychotherapy: generous versus restrictive reviewers.

American Psychological Association/CHAMPUS peer reviewers (N=168) evaluated clinical treatment reports that described psychodynamic treatment of middle-aged, depressed outpatients. Descriptive data are reported on the reviewer' recommendations concerning the reimbursement for previous and total (previous plus future) care. In addition, generous and restrictive reviewers are compared on their theorectical orientation, the self-reported factors affecting their review decisions, and their previously reported clinical practice patterns and attitudes toward psychological peer review. The implications of these findings for mental health quality assurance programs are discussed.

Health Benefit Plans, Employee↗
PubMed1979

Anatomy of the mandibular branches of the facial nerve.

In operative dissections of mandibular branches of the facial nerve, we identified certain branches below the inferior border of the mandible in all cases. These usually supplied the depressor labii inferioris and mentalis muscles, though infrequently the branch to the depressor anguli oris was also below the mandible. At least 3 nerve branches were identified in all dissections. The clinical applications of this include the necessity to identify and protect these nerve branches during operations in the submandibular triangle, as well as when incising the platysma muscle or removing fat from over the body of the mandible in a face-lift procedure.

Facial Nerve↗
PubMed1978

Bilateral acinous cell tumors of the parotid gland.

Acinous cell tumors are uncommon neoplasms which arise either from the secretory cells of the salivary gland acini or from pluripotential duct cells and occur almost exclusively in the parotid gland. Nine previous instances of the bilateral occurrence of this tumor in the parotid gland have been reported. We present a tenth case and illustrate several aspects of the clinical behavior of this unique tumor. The histological pattern of this type of tumor was considered universally to be benign until 1953 when attention was called to a malignant variant. It is difficult to find reference to a benign form after that time. It is, in fact, impossible to forecast the clinical behavior of an individual specimen based upon its histopathology. In order to recognize this unpredictability, the World Health Organization Classification of Epithelial Tumors of Salivary Gland Origin proposed a category, "Acinic Cell Tumors," separate from clearly benign or malignant neoplasms. Later, attention was called to the grammatical designation, "acinous cell tumor." Because acinous cell tumors are uncommon, numerically significant series are gathered from several institutions or over several decades during which treatment methods vary widely. This makes it difficult to accept the validity of conclusions based upon the reported data. There is, however, a clearly documented tendency of the tumor to recur after long symptomless intervals so that extended follow-up is necessary before "cure" is established. Treatment of acinous cell tumors is surgical. The value of radiation therapy in the management of recurrent tumors is not firmly established.

Carcinoma↗
PubMed1975

Pleasants' disease.

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Alveolar Process↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Osteochondritis dissecans of the talus and knee: prospective comparison of MR and arthroscopic classifications.

The primary objective of this study was to determine if magnetic resonance (MR) could accurately predict the arthroscopic stage of osteochondritis dissecans lesions of the knee and ankle. Twelve patients, who were indicated for arthroscopy on either clinical or radiographic findings, underwent an MR examination prior to arthroscopy. All scans were performed on a 0.35 T magnet using the same spin echo sequence: repetition time 1,000 ms and echo time 40 ms. Magnetic resonance scans were interpreted prospectively (D.W.N.) and retrospectively (J.S.) by the radiologists without knowledge of the arthroscopic findings. Both radiologists predicted the exact grade in 11 of 12 patients. A single Grade 2 lesion was called Grade 3 by both radiologists. An MR staging classification has been developed that allows accurate preoperative staging of osteochondritis dissecans lesions of the talus and knee.

Adolescent↗