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Biomedical subjects

D W Newling

Publications and source records attributed to D W Newling.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1990

Prostatic specific antigen and the prediction of prognosis in metastatic prostatic cancer.

Serum prostate-specific antigen (PSA) levels were studied in the EORTC trial of zoladex plus flutamide versus orchidectomy in metastatic prostatic cancer. Forty-four of 60 patients had a decrease of PSA to less than or equal to 10 ng/ml at 3 to 6 months after treatment. The combination of a PSA less than 10 ng/ml after 3 to 6 months treatment and less than 15 spots on the bone scintigram at entry gave the highest probability of not having progressed by 24 months. A rising PSA anticipated bone progression by 6 to 12 months in 13 of 28 patients (46%). The PSA at entry to the trial was related to survival; a discriminant of 300 ng/ml distinguished a poor and better risk group. The lowest level of PSA reached during the first 6 months of treatment was also a univariate survival factor.

Antigens, Neoplasm↗
PubMed1990

The response of advanced prostatic cancer to a new non-steroidal antiandrogen: results of a multicenter open phase II study of Casodex. European/Australian Co-operative Group.

Casodex is a non-steroidal antiandrogen which shows marked peripheral selectivity in animals. As an antiandrogen, it has been shown in a dose ranging and an open phase II study to have fewer side-effects than traditional non-steroidal antiandrogens and to be very well tolerated. In the open phase II study, the 50 mg dose was used in 127 evaluable patients who have been treated for up to 1 year. Overall response (i.e. partial response [PR]) was 50% with a further 33% showing stabilization of disease.

Aged↗
PubMed1990

Orchidectomy vs. Zoladex plus flutamide in patients with metastatic prostate cancer. The EORTC GU Group.

Treatment with bilateral orchidectomy was compared with Zoladex, 3.6 mg depot, plus flutamide, 250 mg t.i.d., in a randomized prospective study by the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer (EORTC). Small but statistically significant differences in time to subjective and objective progression of disease were found in favor of Zoladex plus flutamide. However, time from objective progression to death was longer in the orchidectomy group. The clinical significance of these differences requires further follow-up and analysis. No difference was found in overall survival between the 2 treatment groups.

Aged↗
PubMed1990

A multi-centre phase two study of intravesical epirubicin in the treatment of superficial bladder tumour.

Epirubicin (4'-epi-adriamycin) was used in the treatment of widespread superficial carcinoma of the bladder. Thirty-seven patients received 50 mg in 50 ml of saline retained for 60 min. There was an overall response rate of 59% but this was of short duration. Thirty percent of patients progressed despite therapy. Therapy was associated with an incidence of side effects which necessitated therapy withdrawal in 12 (32.4%) patients. It is concluded that epirubicin, in the dose used in this study, cannot be recommended for routine intravesical chemotherapy and that further studies, at a reduced dosage, are necessary to evaluate this agent.

Administration, Intravesical↗
PubMed1988

Long-term therapy with a depot luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone analogue (Zoladex) in patients with advanced prostatic carcinoma.

We treated 191 patients with histologically proved locally advanced stage (T3 or T4) and/or metastatic prostate cancer with a biodegradable depot formulation of a luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone analogue (Zoladex). After an initial increase in serum testosterone in week 1 of therapy a continuous decrease of testosterone to castrate levels was obtained. With a monthly injection of the luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone analogue 4 patients (2 per cent) experienced a transient increase in bone pain, 1 had ureteral obstruction and 1 suffered paraplegia during the first few weeks of therapy. Over-all objective and subjective responses were similar to those obtained by castration or estrogen therapy. The absence of local and systemic (long-term) side effects proves the validity of this approach for patients with advanced prostatic cancer.

Aged↗
PubMed1988

TNM classification of genitourinary tumours 1987--position of the EORTC Genitourinary Group.

This report analyses the changes in the classification of the genitourinary tumours introduced by the 1987 edition of the TNM system. Criticism and suggestions for improvement are given. These are based on the extensive experience of the EORTC GU Group with clinical trial work particularly the identification of prognostic factors, on their success in reaching international consensus on tumour classification, and on information from the literature. Many of the changes introduced in the 1987 system are not considered to be strictly necessary. These include the introduction of the new additional descriptors, including "C" and "R", the changes in the T classification of prostatic and renal cancer, and the introduction of uniform N categories for all tumours and other features. We regret the omission of minimal requirements, the omission of the V classification for macroscopic or microscopic vascular invasion, the changes in the T categories of carcinoma of the bladder and the introduction of stage groupings for all urological tumours. Some of these changes are considered unacceptable. The attitude of the EORTC GU Group toward the use of the new TNM classification is indicated in detail.

Female↗
PubMed1988

The value of the measurement of serum prostate specific antigen in patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia and untreated prostate cancer.

Serum prostate specific antigen (PSA) levels were measured in 139 patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) and in 88 patients with prostate cancer who were managed by deferred treatment. Acute urinary retention and large prostate glands tended to be associated with high PSA levels, but at levels greater than 10 ng/ml there was a significant risk of carcinoma being found on subsequent histological examination. The risk of progression of untreated prostate cancer was associated with levels of PSA greater than 20 ng/ml and with a high rate of change of PSA level. The value of measuring PSA in these patients is discussed.

Aged↗
PubMed1988

The assessment of patients with invasive bladder cancer prior to definitive treatment to enable individual planning of the most appropriate therapy.

Improving techniques in detection and assessment of invasive bladder cancer have improved our knowledge of this disease. We are still lacking information about individual patients' responses to their cancers and the ways that we can improve this but it is to be hoped that the time will come when all patients with invasive bladder cancer will be able to receive all the useful modalities of treatment specifically chosen to meet the requirements for the control of their tumours and the needs of the patients themselves.

Biomarkers, Tumor↗