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Biomedical subjects

D W Rainey

Publications and source records attributed to D W Rainey.

6 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1999

Sources of stress, burnout and intention to terminate among rugby union referees.

We examined sources of stress, burnout and intention to terminate among rugby union referees. Questionnaires were returned by 682 of 1175 referees (58%) from Wales, Scotland and England. Exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses revealed four correlated sources of stress factors (performance concerns, time pressure, interpersonal conflict and fear of physical harm), which accounted for 49.6% of the variance. Referees believed the first three factors to be mildly related to their stress. They believed fear of physical harm to be unrelated to their stress. A structural model hypothesizing that time pressure and interpersonal conflict predict burnout, and that age and burnout predict intention to terminate refereeing, fit the observed data. The goodness-of-fit index for this model was 0.96. Our results and those of other studies indicate that interpersonal conflict and time pressure are common sources of stress for sport officials and are frequently related to their burnout experiences. Also, age and burnout are frequently, although only marginally, related to intention to terminate.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1997

Ratings of stress by rugby referees.

682 rugby referees from Wales, Scotland, and England rated their stress associated with refereeing on a 3-item scale. Mean ratings for the total sample and each group were between "very little" and "a moderate amount." Results support earlier studies, suggesting that most sport officials do not experience much stress while officiating.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

Magnitude of stress experienced by baseball and softball umpires.

This study surveyed 782 certified baseball and softball umpires from randomly chosen umpire associations in one state to assess how much stress they experienced while officiating. The mean stress score was between "very little" and "a moderate amount," although 4.5% of the respondents reported "quite a bit" or "a great deal" of stress. The mean stress score may have been attenuated by the umpires' reluctance to admit stressful experiences or by collection of data after the season was over.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Effects of Baker-Miller pink and red on state anxiety, grip strength, and motor precision.

7 male and 39 female undergraduates were alternately assigned to rooms painted red or Baker-Miller Pink. After 5 min., measures were taken of state anxiety, grip strength, and motor precision. Subjects in the pink room had significantly lower state anxiety, but strength and precision scores did not differ, providing minimal support for the hypothesized calming effects of Baker-Miller Pink.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

The JAS-T and type A in students: a replication note.

The researcher identified 36 Type A (18 males, 18 females) and 36 Type B (18 males, 18 females) students using the Jenkins Activity Survey-Student Form (JAS-T). Subjects represented the upper and lower thirds of 54 males and 54 females who were tested. Self-reports of cumulative grade point average (GPA), desired GPA, and hours in extracurricular activities were also obtained. Type A students reported desiring and achieving significantly higher GPAs than Type Bs (p less than .05), replicating earlier findings. However, male, but not female, Type As reported spending significantly more time in extracurricular activities than Type Bs (p less than .05). These results represent further indication that women may manifest Type A status somewhat differently from men.

Achievement↗