Biomedical subjects

D Weaver-Osterholtz

Publications and source records attributed to D Weaver-Osterholtz.

4 recordsLinked to original sources

PubMed2001

The bladder angiotensin system in female rats: response to infusions of angiotensin I and the angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor enalaprilat.

PURPOSE: A local renin angiotensin (ANG) system has been identified in the bladder. To our knowledge little is known about this system. To define further the physiology of this system we performed this study. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The circulating and bladder tissue concentrations of ANG I and ANG II were examined in anesthetized Sprague-Dawley female rats in estrus, diestrus or pregnancy. Each was given an intravenous bolus infusion of ANG I, the ANG converting enzyme inhibitor enalaprilat or saline. RESULTS: The mean concentrations of ANG I and ANG II were markedly higher in bladder tissue than in whole blood at the highest levels in pregnancy. The concentration of ANG I and ANG II increased significantly in the bladder tissue and circulation after the ANG I infusion in estrus and diestrus. In pregnancy only circulatory ANG I increased, while circulatory ANG II, tissue ANG I and ANG II remained unchanged. Enalaprilat infusion was associated with an increased concentration of whole blood ANG I in all groups and decreased plasma ANG II in estrus and diestrus but not in pregnancy. The bladder tissue ANG I response was unchanged in all groups. Bladder tissue ANG II was decreased in estrus and diestrus but unchanged in pregnancy. CONCLUSIONS: These data support the hypothesis that ANG converting enzyme is deactivated and an alternate pathway is activated in pregnancy. The data also demonstrate that tissue absorption of ANG peptide is diminished in pregnancy. Compared with responses in similarly studied male rats the circulating conversion of ANG I to ANG II is delayed in female rats and responses to ANG converting enzyme inhibition are enhanced, thus, suggesting subtle differences in the sexes in the renin ANG system. Enalapril appears to have more effect at the tissue level in nonpregnant females than in pregnant females and male rats.

Angiotensin I↗

PubMed2000

Primary extra-nodal lymphoma of the urinary bladder.

Primary non-Hodgkin's lymphoma of the urinary bladder is rare. Only a few cases have been reported. We report the case of a woman with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma of urinary bladder and review the literature.

Antigens, CD20↗

PubMed1999

Dehydroepiandrosterone replacement in aging humans.

Because so much medical and media attention has been drawn to the alleged benefits of dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) and its sulfate ester (DHEAS), it is important to evaluate the effects of replacement therapy objectively using double blind, cross-over, randomized research methodology. In this 9-month study, healthy older men (n = 39) received replacement dose DHEA. Lean body mass, blood hematology, chemistry and endocrine values, as well as urological and psychological data were measured. Data showed some mild and temporary, but significant, changes during oral use of 100 mg DHEA for 3 months compared with placebo taken for 3 months. Body composition did not change during the 6 months of treatment, nor did any urological parameters. Concomitant with the endocrine changes, some small but, significant, variations in blood values (blood urea nitrogen, creatinine, uric acid, alanine transaminase, cholesterol, high density lipoprotein, and potassium) were found. After cessation of DHEA and placebo, followed by 3 months of no treatment, all values previously found to be altered returned to entry baseline. Well publicized effects of the drug reported by others, such as a sense of well-being or improved sexual function, were not found in this study.

Activities of Daily Living↗

PubMed1996

The urinary bladder angiotensin system: response to infusions of angiotensin I and angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors.

The circulating and urinary bladder tissue concentrations of angiotensin I (ANG I) and angiotensin II [ANG-(1-8)] were examined in anesthetized Sprague-Dawley male rats given an intravenous bolus infusion of either ANG I, the angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors enalaprilat or ramiprilat, or saline. The mean concentrations of ANG I and ANG-(1-8) were markedly higher in the urinary bladder tissue than in whole blood. There was a significant increase in the concentration of ANG I and ANG-(1-8), both in the urinary bladder tissue and the circulation, after the ANG I infusion. Both ACE inhibitors were associated with an increase in the concentration of whole blood ANG I; however, tissue ANG I levels were significantly increased only following ACE inhibition with ramiprilat but not with enalaprilat. Both plasma and urinary bladder tissue ANG-(1-8) levels decreased significantly following ACE inhibition, but only with ramiprilat. The elevated urinary bladder tissue levels of ANG I and ANG-(1-8) at baseline, compared with circulating levels, and the maintenance of ANG-(1-8) in bladder tissue in the face of inhibition of the circulatory renin-angiotensin system with enalaprilat support the presence of an autocrine/paracrine renin-angiotensin system in the urinary bladder. Under the current experimental conditions, ramiprilat appears to have enhanced bladder activity compared with enalaprilat.

Anesthesia↗