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Biomedical subjects

D Winn

Publications and source records attributed to D Winn.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2001

Precise measurement of the positive muon anomalous magnetic moment.

A precise measurement of the anomalous g value, a(mu) = (g-2)/2, for the positive muon has been made at the Brookhaven Alternating Gradient Synchrotron. The result a(mu+) = 11 659 202(14) (6) x 10(-10) (1.3 ppm) is in good agreement with previous measurements and has an error one third that of the combined previous data. The current theoretical value from the standard model is a(mu)(SM) = 11 659 159.6(6.7) x 10(-10) (0.57 ppm) and a(mu)(exp) - a(mu)(SM) = 43(16) x 10(-10) in which a(mu)(exp) is the world average experimental value.

Journal Article↗
PubMed2001

A case of pulmonary toxicity associated with G-CSF and doxorubicin administration.

The cytokine growth factor, G-CSF (granulocyte colony-stimulating factor), is commonly used in oncologic practice and is generally believed to be a safe agent to administer. We describe here a case of pulmonary toxicity associated with the concurrent administration of G-CSF and doxorubicin. We contend that G-CSF contributed to the life-threatening lung injury in our patient, and discuss additional reports in the literature of pulmonary toxicity associated with the use of this agent.

Biopsy↗
PubMed2001

Rates of pediatric and adolescent injuries by year of age.

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to analyze causes of injury hospitalization/death by individual year of age and by specific causes of injury and to examine how well aggregate age groups represented individual year-of-age rates. METHODS: Hospital discharge data and death certificate data for California residents age 0 to 19 years with a principal external cause of injury code (E-code) of E800 to E869, E880 to E929, or E950 to E999, calendar year 1997, were analyzed. Annual rates of injury hospitalization/death by year of age were calculated using combined hospital discharges and deaths as the numerator for major causes and important subcategories. For comparison, rates of injury hospitalization/death were calculated for conventional vital statistics age groups: <1 year, 1 to 4 years; 5 to 9 years, 10 to 14 years, and 15 to 19 years. RESULTS: In 1997 in California, 35 277 children and adolescents 0 to 19 years were hospitalized and 1934 died as a result of injury, a ratio of 17 hospitalizations to 1 death. The distribution was bimodal with rates highest among 18-year-olds (732/100 000) and 1-year-olds (495/100 000). Except for children who were 5 to 9 years of age, the group rates for all injuries were not reflective of the individual year-of-age rates. In specific categories of injuries, variation in rates by year of age were masked by age group rates for unintentional poisoning among 1- to 4-year-olds, self-inflicted poisoning for 10- to 19-year-olds, falls from playground equipment among 5- to 9-year-olds, falls from furniture among 1- to 4-year-olds, and motor vehicle occupant injury rates among 10- to 19-year-olds. The peak rate of falls from playground equipment among 6-year-olds (34/100 000) was more than twice the rate for 9-year-olds (15/1000,000). Motor vehicle occupant injury rates doubled between 10 and 14 years of age and quadrupled between 14 and 18 years of age. CONCLUSIONS: Analyses using conventional age groups did not identify the age of highest risk for many causes of childhood injury. Changes in the rates often transected the traditional age groups and were not apparent with conventional age group analysis. These data can inform on the age at which to begin a specific injury intervention and on how to allocate resources. These data allow pediatricians and other health professionals to be anticipatory in providing injury prevention counseling. The greatest impact can be achieved by making the counseling topic most age appropriate in anticipation of the high-risk period.

Accidental Falls↗
PubMed2000

Transverse momentum and total cross section of e(+)e(-) pairs in the Z-boson region from p&pmacr; collisions at sqrt

The transverse momentum and total cross section of e(+)e(-) pairs in the Z-boson region of 66<M(ee)<116 GeV/c(2) from p&pmacr; collisions at sqrt[s] = 1.8 TeV are measured using 110 pb(-1) of collisions taken by the Collider Detector at Fermilab during 1992-1995. The total cross section is measured to be 248+/-11 pb. The differential transverse momentum cross section is compared with calculations that match quantum chromodynamics perturbation theory at high transverse momentum with the gluon resummation formalism at low transverse momentum.

Journal Article↗
PubMed2000

Developing a model law restricting the transporting of passengers in the cargo areas of pickup trucks.

Pickup trucks have become increasingly popular in the United States, accounting for about one in five vehicles involved in fatal motor-vehicle crashes. A critical factor in these deaths is the practice of carrying passengers in truck cargo areas, which are not designed for this purpose. Each year approximately 200 deaths occur to occupants riding in the back of pickup trucks. Over half the states have laws dealing with preventable injury problem, but these laws vary widely and most are too limited to be effective. We have reviewed existing laws, as well as crash injury data, and we have developed and recommend a model bill. The bill focuses on intended use, restricting passengers to only those portions of a vehicle designed for human transport. We have also conducted and report on a survey of legislative sponsors of pickup truck legislation.

Accidents, Traffic↗
PubMed2000

Analysis of fatalities in extended cab pickup trucks using an estimating equation method.

We compared the fatality risk for occupants of rear passenger seats in extended cab and crew cab pickup trucks to the fatality risk for front seat occupants of the same vehicles using the (US) Fatality Analysis Reporting System (FARS) for 1982-1997. A 10-digit truncated vehicle identification number was used to classify the pickup trucks. The data were analyzed with an estimating equation for data having few observations per stratum. We identified 549 extended cab pickup trucks with one or more occupants of rear passenger seats and one or more occupant deaths. Occupants of rear passenger seats had a fatality risk 43% lower than front seat occupants (95% confidence interval 32% to 52%), controlling for age, sex, and restraint use. Occupants of rear seats of extended cabs in compact pickup trucks did not experience any higher fatality risk (relative to front-seat occupants of the same vehicles) than rear seat occupants of extended cabs in full-size pickup trucks and large 4-door crew cabs.

Accidents, Traffic↗
PubMed1994

Synthesis of high specific activity [3H]-9-cis-retinoic acid and its application for identifying retinoids with unusual binding properties.

all-trans-Retinoic acid is known to bind to the retinoic acid receptors (RARs) resulting in an increase in their transcriptional activity. In contrast, recently identified 9-cis-retinoic acid (9-cis-RA), which is an additional endogenous RA isomer, is capable of binding to both RARs and retinoid X receptors (RXRs). These distinct properties have raised questions as to the biological role governed by these two retinoic acid isomers and the set of target genes that they regulate. Herein, we report the synthesis of high specific activity [3H]-9-cis-RA and its application to study the ligand-binding properties of the various retinoid receptor subtypes. We examined the binding properties of RARs and RXRs for a series of synthetic retinoids and compared the ligand-binding properties of these arotinoid analogs with their ability to regulate gene expression via the retinoid receptors in a cotransfection assay. The utilization of the [3H]-9-cis-RA competitive binding assay and the cotransfection assay has made it possible to rapidly identify important structural features of retinoids leading to increased selectivity for either the RAR or RXR receptor subtypes.

Animals↗
PubMed1994

Injuries to occupants in cargo areas of pickup trucks.

Transporting passengers in the cargo area of pickup trucks is a public health safety issue in the United States. Our study compared crashes involving passengers in the cargo area with those involving passengers in the cab. We obtained data for all injury events of pickup occupants for 1990 from the California Highway Patrol. A total of 702 traffic reports coded as having passengers riding in pickup truck beds involved 1,685 passengers in the cargo area and 865 in the cab. Significantly more events involving passengers in the cargo area occurred in summer in rural areas and were noncollisions than did events with only cab passengers. Crashes with passengers in the cargo area resulted in death in 5% of passengers. Of the drivers, 81% were male and 22% were younger than 20 years. Among the 1,685 passengers in the cargo area, 65% were male, 36% were younger than 15 years, and 30% were ages 15 to 19 years. Passengers in the cargo area were more frequently ejected and more seriously injured than their counterparts in the cab. Legislation to restrict travel in truck beds and the design of restraints for this area are some measures that may reduce the risk of injury.

Accidents, Traffic↗
PubMed1991

Unsupervised children in vehicles: a risk for pediatric trauma.

In this study, a series of instances of children injured by a motor vehicle set in motion by an unsupervised child are reviewed. During a 24-month period, nine such children were identified through a multihospital and coroner's office monitoring system in a single urban county. Injuries ranged from multiple abrasions and contusions to serious leg and head injuries. Three children died. The typical circumstance involved a child releasing the brake or placing the vehicle in gear in a private driveway which resulted in the vehicle striking or rolling over the victim. In four of the nine cases, the child who set the vehicle in motion fell or jumped from the vehicle and then became the injured victim. The extent of these unusual motor vehicle-related injuries is unknown because they are unlikely to be reported in official police statistics. According to the study findings, there is a need to educate the public and health professionals about the risks associated with leaving a child unattended in a motor vehicle and the hazardous environment of the private driveway. Preventive measures would include not leaving a child unattended in a vehicle, locking unattended vehicles to prevent access, and redesigning of private driveways.

Accident Prevention↗
PubMed1990

Childhood motor vehicle occupant injuries.

Motor vehicle occupant trauma is the major cause of mortality among the pediatric population. The mortality rate for adolescents is approximately 10 times that of the younger age groups. Despite enactment of child passenger safety laws in all states and mandatory seat belt use laws in two thirds of the states, mortality rates have not decreased to the extent expected. Additional interventions targeted at the adolescent driver, substance use and driving, and improved occupant protection for all children will be required to further decrease occupant trauma. Lack of comprehensive trauma data is a major roadblock to the calculation of morbidity and disability rates.

Accident Prevention↗