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Biomedical subjects

D Y Perey

Publications and source records attributed to D Y Perey.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1975

Host resistance mechanisms to Newcastle disease virus in immunodeficient chickens (38540).

In order to assess the mechanisms of host resistance to Newcastle disease virus (NDV), the susceptibility of young adult normal, T cell deficient and agammaglobulinemic chickens to an avirulent live vaccine (Bl) and a mesogenic strain of NDV was studied. All animals, regardless of immunological status resisted the vaccine strain. Most normal birds resisted mesogenic NDV, HOWEVER T cell deficient birds were much more susceptible and agammaglobulinemic chickens were extremely susceptible. There was no difference in the kinetics and levels of hemmagglutination-inhibition activity of plasma between normal, control-irradiated and T cell deficient birds nor between dying and surviving birds. Agammaglobulinemic chickens could be partially protected against an otherwise lethal challenge following immunization with avirulent NDV, low doses of mesogenic NDV inoculated intranasally or im injection of beta-propriolactone inactivated NDV mixed in complete Freund's adjuvant. The possible mechanisms for this protection together with the relative roles of humoral, cell mediated and non-specific immunity are discussed.

Agammaglobulinemia↗
PubMed1975

Rabbit gut-associated lymphoid tissue. Major pathway for thoracic duct lymphocyte circulation.

The demonstration of a preponderance of T cells in the thoracic duct lymph of rabbits prompted us to initiate cytokinetic studies using both uridine- and thymidine-labeled thoracic duct lymphocytes (TDL). Rabbits received intravenous injections of 8 to 11 X 10(8) autologous or allogeneic TDL, 95 per cent of which had incorporated 3H-uridine during a 1-hour in vitro incubation. Autoradiographs of tissues collected 24 hours after injection of TDL failed to demonstrate any trapping of label in liver or in vivo reutilization of 3H-uridine. No differences in the distribution of labeled cells were noted between recipients of autologous and allogeneic TDL. The paracortical areas of lymph nodes and periarterial areas of splenic follicles contained many heavily labeled cells; these areas therefore appear to correspond to thymus-dependent areas as in other rodents. The tonsils contained densely packed sheets of labeled cells. In the tonsillar but not in other germinal centers, evenly distributed, lightly labeled cells were seen. Small clusters of heavily labeled cells were seen in the bronchus-associated lymphoid tissue. In the appendix, sacculus rotundus, and Peyer's patches (GALT) densely packed, heavily labeled cells were seen in the interfollicular areas; fewer, heavily labeled cells were scattered throughout the dome and corona of GALT. In the dome and corona, however, there were many lightly labeled cells. The germinal centers of GALT were lacking totally in uridine-labeled cells. Some 20 per cent of TDL collected 24 hours after injection of uridine-labeled TDL were labeled, thereby reflecting considerable recirculation of TDL. Injection of 24 to 48 X 10(6) thymidine-labeled immunoblasts, obtained from TDL incubated with 3H-thymidine in vitro, into autologous or allogeneic recipients killed 24 hours later, revealed heavily labeled cells in the intestinal lamina propria, the dome, corona, and interfollicular areas of GALT, as well as throughout the spleen, lymph nodes, and tonsils. There was a 2- to 3-fold higher concentration of labeled cells in the appendiceal and mesenteric lymph nodes than in respective popliteal nodes. The potential significance of this differential distribution together with the homing-circulation patterns of these cells in GALT are discussed with regard to differentiation of IgA-producing cells. It is concluded that rabbit GALT contains a substantial number of cells belonging to the pool of recirculating lymphocytes and that B and T cells in the thoracic duct may have different rates of uridine incorporation as has been shown in other rodents.

Animals↗
PubMed1975

Differential IgA repopulation after transfer of autologous and allogeneic rabbit Peyer's patch cells.

The distribution and differentiation of rabbit Peyer's patch cells were studied in lethally x-irradiated autologou, and allogeneic recipients, 6 days after i.v. transfer. Immunoglobulin Ig-containing cells were detected in both frozen tissue sections and fixed smears of single cell suspensions of spleens using monospecific anti-alpha, -mu, and -iota antisera in direct immunofluorescence. The tissues of lethally x-irradiated rabbits which had not received any cells were almost devoid of Ig-containing cells whereas the intestinal lamina propria of both autologous and allogeneic Peyer's patch cell recipients had approximately equal numbers of predominantly IgA-containing cells. In the spleen of allogeneic recipients, many large colonies of IgA-containing cells were seen and these cells made up 4.6 to 16.9% (mean 8%) of all spleen cell suspension. The spleens of autologous recipients contained fewer and smaller colonies of IgA cells which made up only 0.5% of all cells in spleen cell suspensions. The numbers of IgM- and IgG-containing spleen cells were small in all animals, however, recipients of allogeneic Peyer's patch cells had four to five times as many as either non-reconstituted lethally irradiated rabbits or autologous recipients. These data confirm that rabbit Peyer's patches are relatively rich in precursors of IgA-producing cells and suggest that histocompatibility differences may either potentiate differentiation of IgA production or lead to trapping of allogeneic Peyer's patch cells in the spleen. Although these experiments did not elucidate the mechanisms of differentiation of IgA-producing cells, the fact that no differences were seen between numbers of IgA cells in gut lamina propria after either autologous or allogeneic cell transfer suggest that different mechanisms may be responsible for appearance of these cells in gut and spleen.

Animals↗
PubMed1975

Repopulation with IgA-containing cells of bronchial and intestinal lamina propria after transfer of homologous Peyer's patch and bronchial lymphocytes.

Transfer of 50 million rabbit allogeneic lymphocytes from either bronchus-associated lymphoid tissue (BALT) or Peyer's patches into 1000 R x-irradiated recipients results, 6 days later, in predominant repopulation of gut and bronchial lamina propria, as well as spleen with IgA-containing cells. After repopulation with BALT or Peyer's patch cells, lymphoid follicles in both gut and lung showed peripheral cellular membrane type of fluorescence with fluorescein-conjugated anti-IgA antisera only. Six days after x-irradiation alone, little evidence of repopulation was seen and immunofluorescent qualitative observations of gut and lung, and quantitative data in the spleen, confirmed these findings. After transfer of 50 million lymph node cells, very few immunoglobulin-containing cells were seen in the gut or bronchial lamina propria. These results suggest that there may be a common mucosal immunologic system, and that repopulation of gut and lung lamina propria may be through the organized lymphoid tissue therein.

Animals↗
PubMed1975

The influence of antigenic stimulation on the ontegeny of lymphoid aggregates and immunoglobulin-containing cells in mouse bronchial and intestinal mucosa.

The requirement of Ag for the localization of precursors of IgA-producing cells in mucosal surfaces was tested in a model in which fetal tissues develop in an Ag-free adultA/J mice. At 30 days after transplantation primitive Peyer's patches )gut associated lymphoid tissue) and bronchus associated lymphoid tissue were seen in 1/3 of the animals examined and in all animals examined at 60 days. Immunoglobulin A-containing cells first appeared between 5 and 15 days in transplanted fetal guts. Their numbers increased to reach a plateau at 60 days at which time they approximated that of germ-free animals and were about 1/3 that of 60 day old normal mice. Immunoglobulin G and IgM containing cells were rarely seen, Few Ig-containing cells were present in fetal lungs. Fetal gut lumenal IgA sedimented in sucrose density gradients as if it were larger than serum IgA. Thus, in the absence of Ag, IgA plasma cells are present in mucosal tissues but their numbers are reduced.

Animals↗
PubMed1975

Micro-radioimmunoassay for antibodies to Newcastle disease virus in the chicken.

An indirect micro-radioimmunoassay is described in which chicken anti-Newcastle disease virus antibody was detected, with radioactively labeled rabbit anti-chicken Fab, on virus-infected microcultures of chick embryo fibroblasts. Newcastle disease virus-infected microcultures were formalin fixed and stored at 4 degrees C for up to 4 months without affecting the sensitivity of the test. The micro-technique was found to be highly sensitive and specific assay of anti-viral antibody and may allow detection of immunoglobulin class of anti-Newcastle disease virus antibody.

Agammaglobulinemia↗
PubMed1975

The distribution of a rabbit thymic antigen and membrane immunoglobulins in lymphoid tissue, with special reference to mucosal lymphocytes.

We have examined rabbit lymphocytes from several tissue sources for membrane immunoglobulins with anti-antiserum for alpha, mu and iota heavy chains, as well as with an antiserum specific for a rabbit thymus lymphocyte antigen (RTLA). Among lymphocytes from bronchus-associated lymphoid tissue (BALT), Peyer's patches, thoracic duct and gut mucosa exclusive of Peyer's patches, alpha and mu predominated with roughly equal percentages of each being found. The distribution of cells with iota receptors was approximately half that of either of the two other classes. In splenic lymphocytes mu predominated, followed, respectively, in numbers by iota and alpha. Detection of RTLA on almost all thymus lymphocytes (94%), most thoracic duct lymphocytes (72%), and lower numbers of peripheral blood lymphocytes (44%), Peyer's patch lymphocytes (17%), and splenic lymphocytes (20%) indicated a similar distribution of this antigen between the lymphoid organs as has been found for the mouse thymus lymphocyte-specific antigens. Low numbers of RTLA-bearing lymphocytes were detected in both the BALT (18%) and the gut mucosa (11%). An unexpected finding was the number of "null" cells among the gut mucosa population, bearing neither thymic nor heavy chain markers. These results in toto support the view that lymphoid aggregates in lung and gut may both contain precursor populations of B cells destined for IgA production.

Animals↗