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Biomedical subjects

D Yu

Publications and source records attributed to D Yu.

At least 289 records · Page 16Linked to original sources
PubMed1989

[Effect of kanamycin on the cochleas in guinea pigs].

Kanamycin (400 mg/kg) was injected daily for 5 days in guinea pigs, the changes in CM and AP responses were recorded. The CM threshold was elevated in 34.5% of the animals and the CM amplitude was reduced when compared with normal animals (P less than 0.005). The AP threshold was elevated in 13.8%. The latency of N1 was increased (P less than 0.001) and the amplitude of N1 reduced at 80 dB (S-L) (P less than 0.001).cAMP and cGMP levels in the organ of Corti and stria vascularis spiral ligament decreased, and the decrease correlated with the changes in auditory function. We consider the reduction of cyclic nucleotides in the cochlea may be important in kanamycin ototoxicity.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

Expanded assessment for discrimination learning with mentally retarded persons: a practical strategy for research and training.

Practical and reliable instruments to assess basic discriminations by severely and profoundly retarded persons are almost nonexistent. Research findings were reviewed on an assessment instrument, the AVC Discrimination Test, which can be administered in approximately 30 minutes to assess basic position, visual, and auditory discriminations. This test can be used with severely and profoundly mentally retarded persons and is reliable and predictive of client performance in classroom learning, language, and vocational tasks. The advantages of expanding current baseline assessment practices to include the AVC Discrimination Test in research and training programs for persons with mental retardation were discussed.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1988

Percutaneous absorption of nicardipine and ketorolac in rhesus monkeys.

Vehicle effects on the percutaneous absorption of nicardipine base, nicardipine hydrochloride, ketorolac acid, and ketorolac tromethamine were determined using the rhesus monkey as an in vivo model for human skin penetration. Vehicles investigated included blends of propylene glycol, trimethylene glycol, ethanol, Azone, Tween 20, water, and long-chain fatty acids. Formulations were prepared such that the compound dose, application area, and percentage saturation of the compound in the vehicle were held constant. Variations in absorption of the compounds were therefore attributable to vehicle effects. Each formulation was applied to three monkeys for a period of 24 hr using 10 Hill Top Chambers. Plasma samples were taken at appropriate intervals for 36 to 48 hr. The results indicated that trimethylene glycol and Tween 20 did not enhance absorption of the test compounds despite claims by other investigators. Azone and ethanol provided moderate enhancement of both the rate and the extent of absorption, while long-chain fatty acids in combination with propylene glycol significantly enhanced penetration. In general, higher fluxes were observed with the more lipophilic compounds nicardipine base and ketorolac acid as compared to the hydrochloride and tromethamine salts.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

Identification of "tumor-associated" nucleolar antigens in human urothelial cancer.

Nucleoli isolated from HeLa S3 cells were used to produce rabbit antisera capable of binding nucleoli of transitional cell carcinomas (TCCa) of the bladder. Cross-reactivity of the rabbit antiserum with normal nucleoli was reduced by absorption with fetal calf serum, normal human serum, and human placental nucleoli. This antinucleolar antiserum exhibited strong reactivity in immunoperoxidase assays performed on specimens of human bladder cancer. In frozen tissue sections of 24 patients with TCCa and eight individuals without tumor, nucleolar staining was observed in all malignant specimens, but was not observed in seven of the normal specimens. Cytologic examination of bladder washing specimens from 47 normal individuals showed absence of nucleolar staining in 43 (91%) of 47 normal specimens while 12 (86%) of 14 specimens from patients with TCCa were positive. These results suggest that there are antigens associated with the nucleoli of HeLa cells and transitional cell carcinomas which are generally absent (or in low concentration) in normal human urothelial cells, and that antisera to these antigens may be useful in the cytologic diagnosis of human transitional cell carcinoma.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

[Primary lymphedema].

Secondary peripheral lymphedemas (all edemas based on pontine symptoms) are very much more frequent than primary edemas which are either congenital or due to a predisposition. Of the latter, only hereditary (essential) lymphedema and idiopathic lymphedema (lymphedema praecox) play a role in clinical practise with the regard to their incidence. The exceedingly rare hereditary lymphedemas, which differ from the primary noncongenital lymphedemas only with regard to the demonstrated heritability merely have a clinical significance. Thus for example only six such cases occurred amongst our patients in the last 20 years. Most primary lymphedemas occur at the time of puberty with a time span of 10 to 30 years. Primary lymphedemas can also occur within a genuine clinical picture (flat nevi, Recklinghausen disease etc.), so that underlying symptoms must be looked for when they occur.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1982

General inhibition of embryonic cell aggregation by neoplastic cells.

The presence of small numbers of cancer cells cause an inhibition in the aggregation of embryonic chick neural retina cells. Experiments were made to investigate the inhibitory action of malignant mouse and virus-transformed chick neural retina cells on the aggregation and adhesion of several embryonic cell types. Malignant mouse cells, and their conditioned medium, inhibited the aggregation and adhesion of embryonic skeletal muscle heart and liver cells. The transformed retinal cells inhibited the aggregation of neural retina cells. These results suggest that the effect of cancer cells on the behavior of embryonic cells is a general one not related to the origin of the cancer cells.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

Comparison of two reinforcement strategies in vocational-skill training of mentally retarded persons.

While recommendations concerning reinforcement strategies in vocational training of retarded persons range from the use of minimal social reinforcement to the use of extra social and edible reinforcement, empirical comparisons of such strategies could not be found in the literature. Four experiments were conducted to compare minimal social reinforcement to social plus edible reinforcement while lower functioning retarded clients were taught assembly tasks of varying complexities. In all experiments, the extra reinforcement generally facilitated the learning of a task to criterion in terms of training time, number of trials, total number of errors, and the proportion of errors on learned steps. Moreover, a preference test showed that the majority of clients preferred the extra reinforcement condition.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1979

Aspergillus flavus as a cause of thyroiditis in an immunosuppressed host.

Disseminated aspergillosis is a major complication in immunosuprressed patients. Infiltration of the thyroid with Aspergillus organisms occurs in approximately 20% of autopsies in patients dying with disseminated disease. The present report describes Aspergillus thyroiditis, Hashimoto's thyroiditis, and possible hypothyroidism in a patient with disseminated aspergillosis.

Aspergillosis↗
PubMed1978

[Radiotherapy in bronchial neoplasms].

From the radiological point of view it can be concluded that: 1. Patients suffering from lung tumors usually seek treatment in an advanced stage of the disease. 2. In about one third of the cases, there is a manifestation of extrathoracic metastases already at the commencement of therapy. 3. Significant X-ray therapy depends on a) radiosensibility of the tumor to X-rays, b) the site and extent of the tumor. Although limited in its application, radiotherapy does not only improve the situation of the patient but also leads to a regression or temporary X-ray induced standstill of the growth of the tumor. However, if it is used as the sole treatment, it would scarcely lead to a permanent improvement. As recent advances in the treatment of lung tumors show, X-ray therapy combined with polychemotherapy will not only lengthen the survival time of the patient but will also improve the patient's life in general.

Bronchial Neoplasms↗