Biomedical subjects

D Zeaman

Publications and source records attributed to D Zeaman.

9 recordsLinked to original sources

PubMed1983

Transverse compounding in the discriminative learning of moderately and mildly mentally retarded adolescents.

For adolescents in the range of moderate to mild retardation, the salience of transverse compound stimuli (combinations of positive and negative cues) was found to be low in two-choice visual discriminations. In problems allowing optional use of transverse compounds, no use whatever was made of these stimuli. In problems requiring use of transverse compounds, only the more intelligent subjects were able to learn to attend to such compounds, but this learned salience faded in a new problem that allowed optional compound use. These results were interpreted as an instance of developmental changes in unlearned stimulus salience hierarchies. We speculated that the low saliency of transverse compounds may be related to reading difficulties.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1980

A comparison of laterality indices in college and retarded subjects.

The relation of laterality to intelligence was assessed by administration of Berman's ICD (Index of Cerebral Dominance) to 20 male and female college students and 20 retarded Ss (IQs 33-75) of comparable age and sex. The college Ss were more lateralized in hand, foot, ear, and eye, but it was primarily foot lateralization that distinguished the groups, despite the fact that hand was the most lateralized subsystem in both groups. While these results are not entirely consistent with Berman's, they are generally confirmatory of a positive relation of laterality and intelligence.

Brain↗

PubMed1975

Teaching a simple reading vocabulary to retarded children: effectiveness of fading and nonfading procedures.

Four equated groups of moderately retarded children were trained on a simple eight-word vocabulary, each under a different experimental condition. In the standard condition a printed work was repeatedly paired with a pictured representation. In the faded condition the same procedure was used except that the picture was gradually faded-out over trials. A mixed condition had, on alternate trials, either work-and-picture or word alone, while on alternate trials a control condition had either picture alone or word alone. On immediate and delayed tests of vocabulary learning, subject showed large differences in reading performance with these methods. The order of efficiency of conditions was faded, mixed, standard, and control. Several theoretical interpretations of the superiority of fading were considered. The conclusion favored was that the fading procedure was best because it increased the attention-value of the words in relation to the faded pictures, without sacrificing the superior associative effects of noncontingent pairings of words and pictures.

Association Learning↗

PubMed1974